scholarly journals On the relationship between trait autobiographical episodic memory and spatial navigation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina L. Fan ◽  
Hervé Abdi ◽  
Brian Levine
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals On the relationship between autobiographical episodic memory and spatial navigation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina L. Fan ◽  
Hervé Abdi ◽  
Brian Levine
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Multivariate Analyses ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Online Study ◽  
The Common ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The Relationship

Influential research has focused on identifying the common neural and behavioural substrates underlying episodic memory (the recall of specific details from past experiences) and spatial cognition, with some theories proposing that these are supported by the same mechanisms. However, the similarities and differences between these two forms of memory in humans require further specification. We used an individual-differences approach based on self-reported survey data collected in a large online study (n = 7487), focusing on autobiographical episodic memory and spatial navigation and their relationship to object and spatial imagery abilities. Multivariate analyses replicated prior findings that autobiographical episodic memory abilities dissociated from spatial navigational abilities. Considering imagery, episodic autobiographical memory overlapped with imagery of objects, whereas spatial navigation overlapped with a tendency to focus on spatial schematics and manipulation. These results suggest that episodic autobiographical memory and spatial navigation correspond to distinct mental processes.

scholarly journals Hippocampus volume and episodic memory in schizophrenia

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT J. THOMA ◽  
MOLLIE MONNIG ◽  
FAITH M. HANLON ◽  
GREGORY A. MILLER ◽  
HELEN PETROPOULOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Schizophrenia Group ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hippocampus Volume ◽  
Volumetric Measures

AbstractPrevious studies of schizophrenia have suggested a linkage between neuropsychological (NP) deficits and hippocampus abnormality. The relationship between hippocampus volume and NP functioning was investigated in 24 patients with chronic schizophrenia and 24 matched healthy controls. Overall intracranial, white and gray matter, and anterior (AH) and posterior (PH) hippocampus volumes were assessed from magnetic resonance images (MRI). NP domains of IQ, attention, and executive function were also evaluated with respect to volumetric measures. It was hypothesized that AH and PH volumes and episodic memory scores would be positively associated in controls and that the schizophrenia group would depart from this normative pattern. NP functioning was impaired overall and AH volume was smaller in the schizophrenia group. In the controls, the hippocampus–memory relationships involved AH and PH, and correlations were significant for verbal memory measures. In the schizophrenia group, positive correlations were constrained to PH. Negative correlations emerged between AH and verbal and visual memory measures. For both groups, cortical volume negatively correlated with age, but a negative correlation between age and hippocampus volume was found only in the schizophrenia group. In this sample of adults with schizophrenia, atypical relationships between regional hippocampus volumes and episodic memory ability were found, as was an atypical negative association between hippocampus volume and age. (JINS, 2009, 15, 182–195.)

scholarly journals Modulation of human intracranial theta oscillations during freely moving spatial navigation and memory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra M. Aghajan ◽  
Diane Villaroman ◽  
Sonja Hiller ◽  
Tyler J. Wishard ◽  
Uros Topalovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Spatial Navigation ◽  
Grid Cell ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Theta Oscillations ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Freely Moving

SummaryHow the human brain supports accurate navigation of a learned environment has been an active topic of research for nearly a century1–5. In rodents, the theta rhythm within the medial temporal lobe (MTL) has been proposed as a neural basis for fragmenting incoming information and temporally organizing experiences and is thus widely implicated in spatial and episodic memory6. In addition, high-frequency theta (~8Hz) is associated with navigation, and loss of theta results in spatial memory deficits in rats 7. Recently, high-frequency theta oscillations during ambulatory movement have been identified in humans8,9, though their relationship to spatial memory remains unexplored. Here, we were able to record MTL activity during spatial memory and navigation in freely moving humans immersed in a room-scale virtual reality (VR) environment. Naturalistic movements were captured using motion tracking combined with wireless VR in participants implanted with an intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) recording system for the treatment of epilepsy. We found that prevalence of theta oscillations across brain sites during both learning and recall of spatial locations during ambulatory navigation is critically linked to memory performance. This finding supports the reinstatement hypothesis of episodic memory—thought to underlie our ability to recreate a prior experience10–12—and suggests that theta prevalence within the MTL may act as a potential representational state for memory reinstatement during spatial navigation. Additionally, we found that theta power is hexadirectionally modulated13–15 as a function of the direction of physical movement, most prominently after learning has occurred. This effect bears a resemblance to the rodent grid cell system16 and suggests an analog in human navigation. Taken together, our results provide the first characterization of neural oscillations in the human MTL during ambulatory spatial memory tasks and provide a platform for future investigations of neural mechanisms underlying freely moving navigation in humans.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EXPERIENCE OF SIGNIFICANT HISTORICAL EVENTS AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION AMONG OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S936-S937
Author(s):  
Stephanie M Bergren ◽  
Gabriella Dong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Global Cognition ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Research has found relationships between experiencing stressful events and lower cognitive function in late life. However, there is little research about the cumulative experiences of significant historical events and cognitive function. Historical events may be unique compared to other life events due to their potential distal relationship to the individual. This study aims to examine the relationship between experiencing significant historical events and cognitive function among Chinese older adults. Data were drawn from the PINE Study, a cohort study of 3,126 US Chinese older adults collected from 2017-2019. Participants were asked if they experienced the Japanese invasion, famine, Great Leap Forward, Vietnam War, Cultural Revolution, and the Tian’anmen Square Protests. A composite score of 0-6 was calculated to count the number experienced. Cognitive function was measured through global cognition, episodic memory, working memory, processing speed, and Chinese MMSE. Linear and quantile regression were performed. Among the participants, 1908 (61.04%) were female with mean age of 75.33 (SD=8.22) years. The average number of historical events experienced was 2.36 (SD=1.44). After adjusting for covariates, every one additional historical event experience was associated with better global cognition (b=0.26, SE=0.009, p<.01), episodic memory (b = 0.045, SE=0.012, p<.001), and processing speed (b=0.383, SE=0.135, p<.01). Number of historical events was not significantly associated with working memory or C-MMSE. The positive relationship between historical events and some cognitive domains suggests a potential resilience effect after experiencing historical events. Future research should examine whether participants found events stressful and whether there are differential relationships to cognitive function.

scholarly journals The relationship between level of processing and hippocampal-cortical functional connectivity during episodic memory formation in humans

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 407-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn H. Schott ◽  
Torsten Wüstenberg ◽  
Maria Wimber ◽  
Daniela B. Fenker ◽  
Kathrin C. Zierhut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Level Of Processing
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