scholarly journals Magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical NMR-based diagnostics

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 142-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huilin Shao ◽  
Tae-Jong Yoon ◽  
Monty Liong ◽  
Ralph Weissleder ◽  
Hakho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Resonance Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Detection Of Biomolecules

Rapid and accurate measurements of protein biomarkers, pathogens and cells in biological samples could provide useful information for early disease diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and design of personalized medicine. In general, biological samples have only negligible magnetic susceptibility. Thus, using magnetic nanoparticles for biosensing not only enhances sensitivity but also effectively reduces sample preparation needs. This review focuses on the use of magnetic nanoparticles for in vitro detection of biomolecules and cells based on magnetic resonance effects. This detection platform, termed diagnostic magnetic resonance (DMR), exploits magnetic nanoparticles as proximity sensors, which modulate the spin–spin relaxation time of water molecules surrounding molecularly-targeted nanoparticles. By developing more effective magnetic nanoparticle biosensors, DMR detection limits for various target moieties have been considerably improved over the last few years. Already, a library of magnetic nanoparticles has been developed, in which a wide range of targets, including DNA/mRNA, proteins, small molecules/drugs, bacteria, and tumor cells, have been quantified. More recently, the capabilities of DMR technology have been further advanced with new developments such as miniaturized nuclear magnetic resonance detectors, better magnetic nanoparticles and novel conjugational methods. These developments have enabled parallel and sensitive measurements to be made from small volume samples. Thus, the DMR technology is a highly attractive platform for portable, low-cost, and efficient biomolecular detection within a biomedical setting.

scholarly journals Low-Cost Microfabrication Tool Box

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charmet ◽  
Rodrigues ◽  
Yildirim ◽  
Challa ◽  
Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In Vitro Diagnostic ◽  
Key Enabling Technologies

Microsystems are key enabling technologies, with applications found in almost every industrial field, including in vitro diagnostic, energy harvesting, automotive, telecommunication, drug screening, etc. Microsystems, such as microsensors and actuators, are typically made up of components below 1000 microns in size that can be manufactured at low unit cost through mass-production. Yet, their development for commercial or educational purposes has typically been limited to specialized laboratories in upper-income countries due to the initial investment costs associated with the microfabrication equipment and processes. However, recent technological advances have enabled the development of low-cost microfabrication tools. In this paper, we describe a range of low-cost approaches and equipment (below £1000), developed or adapted and implemented in our laboratories. We describe processes including photolithography, micromilling, 3D printing, xurography and screen-printing used for the microfabrication of structural and functional materials. The processes that can be used to shape a range of materials with sub-millimetre feature sizes are demonstrated here in the context of lab-on-chips, but they can be adapted for other applications. We anticipate that this paper, which will enable researchers to build a low-cost microfabrication toolbox in a wide range of settings, will spark a new interest in microsystems.

scholarly journals Ribosome Display Technology: Applications in Disease Diagnosis and Control

Antibodies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Adinarayana Kunamneni ◽  
Christian Ogaugwu ◽  
Steven Bradfute ◽  
Ravi Durvasula
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Selection ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Single Chain Antibody ◽  
Ribosome Display ◽  
Technology Applications ◽  
Display Technology ◽  
And Control

Antibody ribosome display remains one of the most successful in vitro selection technologies for antibodies fifteen years after it was developed. The unique possibility of direct generation of whole proteins, particularly single-chain antibody fragments (scFvs), has facilitated the establishment of this technology as one of the foremost antibody production methods. Ribosome display has become a vital tool for efficient and low-cost production of antibodies for diagnostics due to its advantageous ability to screen large libraries and generate binders of high affinity. The remarkable flexibility of this method enables its applicability to various platforms. This review focuses on the applications of ribosome display technology in biomedical and agricultural fields in the generation of recombinant scFvs for disease diagnostics and control.

Tri-modal imaging of gold-dotted magnetic nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and intravascular ultrasound: an in vitro study

Nanomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (25) ◽  
pp. 2433-2445
Author(s):  
Joel Kuhn ◽  
Giorgos Papanastasiou ◽  
Cheuk-Wai Tai ◽  
Carmel M Moran ◽  
Maurits A Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Intravascular Ultrasound ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ivus Imaging

Aim: To examine the multimodal contrasting ability of gold-dotted magnetic nanoparticles (Au*MNPs) for magnetic resonance (MR), computed tomography (CT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) imaging. Materials & methods: Au*MNPs were prepared by adapting an impregnation method, without using surface capping reagents and characterized (transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) with their in vitro cytotoxicity assessed, followed by imaging assessments. Results: The contrast-enhancing ability of Au*MNPs was shown to be concentration-dependent across MR, CT and IVUS imaging. The Au content of the Au*MNP led to evident increases of the IVUS signal. Conclusion: We demonstrated that Au*MNPs showed concentration-dependent contrast-enhancing ability in MRI and CT imaging, and for the first-time in IVUS imaging due to the Au content. These Au*MNPs are promising toward solidifying tri-modal imaging-based theragnostics.

Tailored Magnetic Nanoparticles for Direct and Sensitive Detection of Biomolecules in Biological Samples

Nano Letters ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3423-3428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Fornara ◽  
Petter Johansson ◽  
Karolina Petersson ◽  
Stefan Gustafsson ◽  
Jian Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Sensitive Detection ◽  
Detection Of Biomolecules

scholarly journals Anti-glycation activity of curcumin

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
Sabina Galiniak ◽  
Marek Biesiadecki ◽  
Bożena Czubat ◽  
Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
Keyword(s):  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aldehyde Group ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Active Inhibitor ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Wide Range

Curcumin, a compound belonging to the group of polyphenols with a characteristic yellow-orange color, is the most active ingredient of the long-leaved Curcuma longa L. and the ingredient of seasoning mixes, including curry spices. Due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties, it has a wide range of therapeutic effects and has been studied for many years. Curcumin has enormous potential in preventing many diseases due to the widely described benefits of its use, it is non-toxic and additionally. Therapy with curcumin is low cost. Currently, many studies focus on the anti-glycation activity of curcumin, which could be used as an active inhibitor of glycation, i.e. a non-enzymatic process of combining a keto or aldehyde group of sugar with a free amino group of a protein. Finally, heterogeneous end products of advanced glycation are formed in the multistage and complicated glycation reaction. Formation of glycation products is intensified with age, as well as in various disease states, including diabetes or neurodegenerative diseases. Many literature data describe the role of curcumin in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. It is known that polyphenol has beneficial effects on hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and regeneration of secretory cells of pancreatic islets. It seems that addition of curcumin, the main ingredient of curry spice, to food could help people prevent the development of lifestyle diseases, including diabetes and its complications. The article presents the current state of knowledge on the curcumin anti-glycation properties in vitro as well as in vivo.

scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Translational Research in Oncology

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Felicia Fiordelisi ◽  
Carlo Cavaliere ◽  
Luigi Auletta ◽  
Luca Basso ◽  
Marco Salvatore
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Wide Range

The translation of results from the preclinical to the clinical setting is often anything other than straightforward. Indeed, ideas and even very intriguing results obtained at all levels of preclinical research, i.e., in vitro, on animal models, or even in clinical trials, often require much effort to validate, and sometimes, even useful data are lost or are demonstrated to be inapplicable in the clinic. In vivo, small-animal, preclinical imaging uses almost the same technologies in terms of hardware and software settings as for human patients, and hence, might result in a more rapid translation. In this perspective, magnetic resonance imaging might be the most translatable technique, since only in rare cases does it require the use of contrast agents, and when not, sequences developed in the lab can be readily applied to patients, thanks to their non-invasiveness. The wide range of sequences can give much useful information on the anatomy and pathophysiology of oncologic lesions in different body districts. This review aims to underline the versatility of this imaging technique and its various approaches, reporting the latest preclinical studies on thyroid, breast, and prostate cancers, both on small laboratory animals and on human patients, according to our previous and ongoing research lines.

scholarly journals The Emerging Role of Decellularized Plant-Based Scaffolds as a New Biomaterial

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12347
Author(s):  
Ashlee F. Harris ◽  
Jerome Lacombe ◽  
Frederic Zenhausern
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Cellular Models ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Future Challenges

The decellularization of plant-based biomaterials to generate tissue-engineered substitutes or in vitro cellular models has significantly increased in recent years. These vegetal tissues can be sourced from plant leaves and stems or fruits and vegetables, making them a low-cost, accessible, and sustainable resource from which to generate three-dimensional scaffolds. Each construct is distinct, representing a wide range of architectural and mechanical properties as well as innate vasculature networks. Based on the rapid rise in interest, this review aims to detail the current state of the art and presents the future challenges and perspectives of these unique biomaterials. First, we consider the different existing decellularization techniques, including chemical, detergent-free, enzymatic, and supercritical fluid approaches that are used to generate such scaffolds and examine how these protocols can be selected based on plant cellularity. We next examine strategies for cell seeding onto the plant-derived constructs and the importance of the different functionalization methods used to assist in cell adhesion and promote cell viability. Finally, we discuss how their structural features, such as inherent vasculature, porosity, morphology, and mechanical properties (i.e., stiffness, elasticity, etc.) position plant-based scaffolds as a unique biomaterial and drive their use for specific downstream applications. The main challenges in the field are presented throughout the discussion, and future directions are proposed to help improve the development and use of vegetal constructs in biomedical research.

scholarly journals Optimized and scalable synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles for RNA extraction in response to developing countries' needs in the detection and control of SARS-CoV-2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio C. Chacón-Torres ◽  
C. Reinoso ◽  
Daniela G. Navas-Leon ◽  
S. Briceño ◽  
G. González
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
International Health ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Chemical Availability ◽  
Scalable Synthesis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

Abstract Ecuador is one of the most affected countries, with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, in Latin America derived from an ongoing economic crisis. One of the most important methods for COVID-19 detection is the use of techniques such as real time RT- PCR based on a previous extraction/purification of RNA procedure from nasopharyngeal cells using functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (MNP). This technique allows the processing of ~10,000 tests per day in private companies and around hundreds per day at local Universities guaranteeing to reach a wide range of the population. However, the main drawback of this method is the need for specialized MNP with a strong negative charge for the viral RNA purification to detect the existence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here we present a simplified low cost method to produce 10 g of nanoparticles in 100 mL of solution that was scaled to one litter by parallelizing the process 10 times in just two days and allowing for the possibility of making ~50,000 COVID-19 tests. This communication helps in reducing the cost of acquiring MNP for diverse biomolecular applications supporting developing country budgets constraints and chemical availability specially during the COVID-19 International Health Emergency.

Amyloid-like fibrils labeled with magnetic nanoparticles

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niclas Solin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Amyloid Fibrils ◽  
Amyloid Plaques ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Insoluble Protein ◽  
Similar Materials ◽  
Magnetic Probes

AbstractA number of human diseases are associated with the formation of insoluble protein aggregates commonly known as amyloid fibrils or amyloid plaques. Similar materials can be prepared in vitro resulting in so-called amyloid-like fibrils. Herein is discussed how to prepare such fibrils labeled with magnetic nanoparticles. Such materials have the potential to be used as magnetic probes for magnetic resonance imaging applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document