scholarly journals SI «A. P. ROMODANOV NEUROSURGERY INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES OF UKRAINE» CELEBRATES THE 70 - TH ANNIVERSARY

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Eugene Pedachenko ◽  
Leonid Pichkur ◽  
Vadym Biloshytsky ◽  
Valentyna Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Neurosurgery ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Vascular Pathology ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Institute Staff ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Further Development

In 2020, State Institution «A. P. Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» (hereinafter referred to as Institute) occupies the glorious anniversary – 70 years since its foundation. By order of the Minister of Health of the USSR No. 439 of July 3, 1950, the structure and staffing of the Kyiv Research Institute of Neurosurgery were approved in the amount of 291 units. The regulations on the Institute were approved by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine on August 4, 1950. Departments of Neuro-oncology, Acute Trauma of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System, Neurovascular Pathology, Restorative Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery were established in the structure of the Institute. The Neurosurgery Institute in different years was headed by: O.I. Arutiunov (1950–1964), A.P. Romodanov (1964–1993), Yu.P. Zozulia (1993–2013), E.G. Pedachenko (since February 2013). Today, the Institute's clinical base consists of 15 specialized departments with 361 beds, where up to 7,000 patients are treated annually. In the out-patient department, from 30,000 to 40,000 patients receive counseling every year. In 15 operating rooms, more than 5,000 operations of the highest complexity are performed per year. Comprehensive examination and treatment of patients are provided by the scientific and diagnostic departments and laboratories. Currently, the Neurosurgery Institute staff amounts for 1,008 employees, including 38 doctors of medicine, 14 professors, and 80 candidates of medical sciences. Currently, the State Institution "Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of NAMS of Ukraine" occupies a leading position in the diagnosing and treatment of neurosurgical pathology in Ukraine. The Institute has established and operates scientific schools on neurotrauma, neuro-oncology, vascular pathology of the brain and spinal cord, minimally invasive spinal neurosurgery, neurotransplantation, and neuroimmunology, which are headed and developed by leading specialists of the Institute. Throughout the existence of the Institute, training of scientific personnel is constantly carried out. The prospects for further development of the Neurosurgery Institute are intended in wide implementation of neuromodulation method, the development of gene therapy, the use of invasive electrophysiological studies and modern neuroimaging, the improvement and widespread adoption of endoscopic techniques in the neurosurgical practice, the development and implementation of methods of reconstructive neurosurgery and the treatment of chronic pain syndromes. It is extremely important for Ukraine to create a scientific and practical center for neurotrauma and a modern rehabilitation center on the basis of the Institute. Keywords: Neurosurgery Institute; anniversary; history

scholarly journals ЄВРАЗІЙСЬКИЙ ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ СОЮЗ: ЄВРАЗІЙСЬКИЙ ЕКОНОМІЧНИЙ СОЮЗ: РОЗВИТОК ВЗАЄМНОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ ДЕРЖАВ-ЧЛЕНІВ

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
М. П. Самоховец ◽  
Е. А. Гречишкина
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Positive Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Member States ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Mutual Trade ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Macroeconomic Effect ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Industrial Demand

The study of mutual trade of the EAEU member states is relevant from the point of view of its improvement in order to achieve the macroeconomic effect of the EAEU creation. The purpose of the article is to study the economic indicators of mutual trade between the EAEU member states and to identify the main trends and prospects for trade relations development in the EAEU integration environment. The object of the study is trade relations between the EAEU member states. Methods used in the study. The study was conducted using official statistics of the EAEU for 2014–2018 and is based on economic comparisons and systematization. The development of cooperative ties within the EAEU, an extensive list of program and reporting documents was studied. Research hypothesis. Mutual trade of the EAEU member states has positive development trends. Statement of the main material. Significant changes in the dynamics of trade relations and their regulation in Belarus, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Armenia are associated with the creation of the EAEU. The analysis of indicators of mutual trade between the EAEU member states showed that the Russian Federation occupies a leading position in mutual trade, and the Russian market is main market for goods from other EAEU member states. Trends indicate that the benefits of integration within the EAEU are not fully realized. Originality and practical value. Further development of EAEU trade relations is seen in the context of regional economic integration. Development on a cooperative basis will save the costs of the EAEU member countries and take advantage of the specialization of the countries. Conclusion. Intensification of mutual trade of the EAEU member states is possible by stimulating consumer and industrial demand, increasing the export of high-tech products and diversifying exports

scholarly journals PUBLIC SECURITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE OBJECTIVE ATTENTION OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: A CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Svirko Svitlana Svirko Svitlana
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
State Institution ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Security ◽  
State Security ◽  
General Object ◽  
National Security State ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Cluster Unit ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article considers the issue of state security in the context of the objective attention of public administration. Based on the semantics of the concepts of "state" and "security", elaboration of a set of approaches to the interpretation of these definitions, analysis of options for different authors in favor of certain approaches to the interpretation of the concept of "state security" formed and motivated the author's vision of this term such a state of protection of various vector interests of the state and its simple cluster unit - the citizen - which ensures the effective functioning of all spheres, industries, institutional sectors (including their units), mechanisms in general and the implementation of the functions and powers of the state institution in particular for their further development in a changing environment, external and internal threats. The proposed in some way unification approach allows emphasizing the content of the concept, as a logically related set of relevant objects, in the context of the prevailing philosophical nature of the phenomenon of "security", leaving open the "scope" of the concept for further more detailed detailing of its characteristics in the segment. theoretical foundations of the science of public administration in the field of public security concerning its elemental components. This approach provides a focus on the most general object-subject features of the concept while avoiding minor characteristics. Keywords: state, society, public administration, national security, state security, threats.

scholarly journals The Competitiveness Assessment of the Life Insurance Companies in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
N. Prykaziuk ◽  
A. Tkachenkо
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Life Insurance ◽  
Customer Orientation ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Relevant Market ◽  
Methodical Approach ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Regulation Model ◽  
Further Development

The paper suggests a methodical approach to assessing the life insurance companies’ competitiveness, which is based on a combination of ranking and radar methods. The algorithm for such an assessment is developed, which covers seven progressive stages. The respective calculations revealed the most competitive life insurance companies currently existing in Ukraine. The performed analysis proved the existence of system-forming life insurance companies in Ukraine, as well as groups of institutions that, under certain conditions, can compete significantly or even take a leading position in the market. It is proved that the establishment of competitive positions of such institutions in the relevant market is not only economic but also social in nature, because it allows potential policyholders quickly determining the integrated state of development of a particular insurer. It is substantiated that such calculations are necessary for insurers, as well as for the relevant state authorities, concerning the determination of further development prospects for the cash-value life insurance. Such an analysis is also justified under the changing regulation model of the life insurance companies, as one of the key tasks of the NBU is to strengthen the requirements for their activities, as a result, only the most developed institutions will remain on the market. It is proved that maintaining its place in the market by existing insurers-leaders and, at the same time, gaining new additional prospects for strengthening their market positions by other life insurance companies, requires using a flexible development strategy, which will be based on customer orientation. The ways for improvement of traditional development strategies of life insurance companies are outlined, which allows strengthening their competitive positions in the market under the emerging crisis phenomena in the economic and financial fields.

scholarly journals Electrophysiological studies in patients with seropositive/seronegative myasthenia gravis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Vahabi ◽  
Ferdos Nazari ◽  
Farzad Fatehi ◽  
Valiolah Bayegi ◽  
Zahra Saffarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
Receptor Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Abductor Pollicis Brevis ◽  
Repetitive Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Seronegative Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Supramaximal Stimulation ◽  
Positive Results

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) affects the neuromuscular transmission, causing fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigue. This study is carried out with the aim to study the electrophysiologic findings of different subtypes of MG referred to our center in Tehran, Iran. Methods: All patients with MG presenting to neurology department of Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences were enrolled. Clinically, patients with MG were categorized as ocular vs. generalized. The acetylcholine receptor (Ach-R) and muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase (anti-MuSK) antibodies were performed. Repetitive Nerve Stimulation (RNS) was performed using the standard method, with supramaximal stimulation of muscles at the 3 Hz frequency by surface electrode at rest. Abductor pollicis brevis (APB) (median nerve), anconeus (radial nerve), trapezius (accessory nerve), and nasalis (facial nerve) muscles were studied in all patients. Single fiber electromyography (SFEMG) was performed by standard method. Results: 196 seropositive patients with MG were included in the study. In electrophysiological studies, RNS was performed for 146 patients of Ach-R-Ab positive MG, with positive results in 110 patients. In addition, SFEMG was conducted for 8 patients with negative RNS, which resulted in 7 positive tests.

scholarly journals Right-sided congenital diaphragmatic hernia – the experience of the neonatal surgery center

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
O. Sliеpov ◽  
◽  
O. Ponomarenko ◽  
M. Migur ◽  
L. Sliеpova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Surgery Center ◽  
Diaphragmatic Hernias

Congenital right-sided diaphragmatic hernias are a special form of diaphragmatic hernias. A relatively low frequency and features of anatomy, diagnosis clinical course, and survival characterize them. Objective: to analyze the results of treatment of right-sided diaphragmatic hernias in newborns. Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of the medical records and autopsy protocols of 22 newborns with right-sided diaphragm defect, who were in the clinics of the State Institution «IPAG named after academician O.M. Lukyanova of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», was carried out for the last 37 years. Results: in 3 cases stillbirth was stated, in all live-born children (n=19) with right-sided СDH the defect was symptomatic. Moreover, in 84.2% (n=16) of them, symptoms of the disease occurred immediately after birth, in 10.5% (n=2) – from the first to 6 hours of life, in 5.3% (n=1) – after 24 hours, from birth. Signs of pulmonary hypertension were determined based on the difference between pre- and postductal peripheral blood saturation. Thus, in 62.5% (n=5) of operated children and in 63.6% (n=7) who died at the stages of stabilization, the difference in pre- and postductal saturation was more than 10%, whichindicated the presence of 100% pulmonary hypertension, and blood shunting from right to left, through fetal communications. The time of preoperative stabilization ranged from 1 to 23 days, on average 7.25 days. 8 children were operated. The surgical approach was right-sided subcostal laparotomy (n=5) or right-sided thoracotomy (n=2). In one case, there was a combined approach: right-sided laparotomy + right-sided thoracotomy. 5 children survived, 3 died. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of participating institution. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: congenital diaphragmatic hernia, right-sided, herniation of the liver, critical hypoplasia of the lungs, surgical correction, newborn baby.

scholarly journals State Institution «Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» celebrates the 70th anniversary!

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Eugene G. Pedachenko ◽  
Leonid D. Pichkur ◽  
Vadym V. Biloshitsky ◽  
Valentyna A. Rudenko
Keyword(s):  
State Institution ◽  
70Th Anniversary ◽  
Medical Sciences

scholarly journals Clinical and Morphological Analysis of Adrenal Glands Pathology in Kharkiv Region (according to Archival Material for the Period 2015-2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
I. V. Sorokina ◽  
V. D. Markovskyi ◽  
N. I. Goidenko ◽  
O. V. Kaluzhyna
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Adrenocortical Adenoma ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Malignant Paraganglioma ◽  
Adrenocortical Adenomas ◽  
Cell Variant ◽  
The Right

The adrenal glands play an important role in the functioning of the human body. There are more opportunities for early tumors detection of these endocrine glands thanks to modern diagnostic procedures, but the problem is very relevant. Morphological investigation is the basis for differentiating adrenocortical adenoma from carcinoma. Material and methods. The article presents the clinical and morphological features of the adrenal glands pathology in Kharkiv region in the period 2015-2019 by analyzing the archival histological material of 77 patients who were operated in hospitals of the State Institution "Institute of General and Emergency Surgery named after V. T. Zaitsev of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine" and "V. Danilevsky Institute for Endocrine Pathology Problems of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine". Results and discussion. The study established that in 2015 there were 18 cases (including 8 malignant tumors), in 2016 – 16 cases (2 cases with bilateral damage, 1 malignant tumor), in 2017 – 12 cases, in 2018 – 20 cases, in 2019 – 11 cases. All tumors were benign in the last 3 years of the study. We calculated that 48.6 years was the average age of patients with this localization tumor processes (20-75 years). Women suffered more often than men (61.03% and 38.97%, respectively). Both adrenal glands had pathological changes in 2 people. The left gland is most often affected. The vast majority of the formations in 2015-2019 were benign (88.61%). Adrenocortical adenomas (45 cases, mostly clear cell variant, leftward, in women) and mature pheochromocytomas (13 cases, uncomplexed variant, leftward, in men), adrenal cysts (6 cases, more often on the right, in men, with a dense fibrous capsule), hyperplasia of the cortical, cerebral or both layers (4 cases), ganglioneuroma of the adrenal medulla (1 case) and a combination of pheochromocytoma with two adrenocorticosteromas (1 case) were among them. Conclusion. Malignant tumors were represented by malignant corticosteromas (5 cases out of 9, leftward, various sizes, with secondary changes in tumor tissue), malignant pheochromocytomas (3 cases out of 9, right, different size) and malignant paraganglioma (1 case). The larger size of the tumor did not always correlate with the nature of the process

scholarly journals Assessment of the Algorithms for Diagnostics and the Possibilities of Treating Patients with a Penile Dysmorphie Disorder

Health of Man ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Oleksii Kornyenko ◽  
Mariia Scherbak ◽  
Mykola Turchak
Keyword(s):  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Aesthetic Surgery ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Superficial Fascia ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Penile Implants ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Surgical Tactics ◽  
Sliding Technique

The article discusses issues related to the choice of diagnostic algorithms and planning tactics for treating patients with penile dysmorphophobia. The psychological characteristics of this group of patients, methods of diagnosis, psychotherapy correction and the choice of surgical tactics are sounded. The manifestations of penile dysmorphophobia and dysmorphomania, as disorders of a deeper level, are considered as an integrative problem solved from the standpoint of urology, psychotherapy, and aesthetic surgery. In conjunction with an andrologist, the involvement of a psychotherapist and, if necessary, a psychiatrist is required. At the initial stages of working with a patient, narrowly focused psychotherapy is used. The next level of correction is cognitive behavioral psychotherapy (CBT) with the technique of “exposure and prevention of reactions” or “cognitive restructuring”. The “mindfulness CBT” technique is considered important for teaching the patient the ability to stop subjective perception of personal experiences. To consolidate the result, individual hypnosuggestational therapy and group (family) psychotherapy are used. The indications for surgical enlargement of the penis are divided into medical, functional and aesthetic. Penile dysmorphophobia is an aesthetic indication for surgery. Contradictions in carrying out such interventions include the lack of standardized methods with a high positive prognosis, overestimated patient expectations, and the lack of a result to improve a man’s self-esteem even with a positive result of the operation. The clinic of the Department of Sexopathology and Andrology of the State Institution «Institute of Urology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» uses a ligamentotomy technique to lengthen the penis and implant a polypropylene mesh under the superficial fascia of the penis to thicken it. For patients with manifestations of penile dysmorphophobia simultaneously with severe forms of erectile dysfunction, a number of operations have been proposed for the simultaneous installation of penile implants and augmentation of the tunica albuginea using a graft: corporoplasty with a circular graft, Sliding Technique, modification of the sliding technique (MoST), Multiple-slid-Technique (MuST) augmentation technique. These techniques are not included in the list of recommendations offered by the urological community; they have high predictable risks of complications requiring urgent explantation of the prosthesis and irreversible loss of penile length.

scholarly journals The presidency place and functions in the democratic political system

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
O. S. Golovko
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
The Political ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Democratic Societies ◽  
Further Development

It’s been established that the results of scientific research on the place and functions of the presidential institution in the political system of democratic societies point to the existence of certain gaps and insufficient disclosure of the issues raised. The existence of an internal socio-political crisis and the need for the development of a democratic state based on the rule of law and the appropriateness of studying the issue of the balance of powers of state institutions within the framework of constitutional engineering have been confirmed. It is noted that at the present stage of state construction interest in the problem is dictated by the need to study the process of Ukraine’s consolidation as a state entity in the context of integration into the European community.The question of the place and basic functions of the presidential institution in the political systems of modern democratic societies is being investigated. It was established that achieving an effective checks and balances system for the institution of the president, the legislative branch and executive branch of power is one of the relevant factors for the successful development of the political and economic state system, the achievement of public harmony and the formation of a positive international image of the state.It is established that the constitutional basis determines the political legitimacy of the President’s actions, and also affects the degree of readiness of political and power subjects to agree to them or to support or deny them. However, the probability that an issued document will have the expected impact is determined, in most cases, by its constitutionality. The President provides the succession of the state, represents it in international relations, carries out management of foreign policy activities, negotiates and concludes international treaties of Ukraine. The president as a state institution appears to be active and influential in the system of power relations and state organization. The institute of presidency is intended to become a consolidating center and an arbiter between the branches of power.Based on the results of a comparative analysis of the presidency functional, a pragmatic approach to the formation of new principles of the national presidency mechanism in the context of the further development of the political system of society was proposed. The essence of this approach is in the need to ensure the dominance of constructive cooperation with other institutions of political power, primarily parliament and government. The expediency of introducing civilized methods of compromise search and a democratic solution to the political problems of social development in the system and practice the powers of the governing bodies is grounded, since the further development of the state will to a great extent be determined by the effectiveness and quality of the functioning of the presidential institution.

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