The 85th Anniversary of the V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Rehabilitology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology (Editorial)

Reanimatology (the science of resuscitation) represents the science of critical illness, terminal and postresuscitation conditions, originated within the walls of the V. A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Rean-imatology, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology, turns 85 years old on October 19, 2021. This editorial briefly describes the history of the development of the Institute, as well as the current scientific achievements of the Institute staff.

"Sleeping rabbits stay alive two weeks longer than others": The Institute of Physiology in Yerevan after the " Pavlov’s Session" in 1950

In the late 1940s and early 1950s, the place of physiology in the structure of the Soviet scientific knowledge as well as in the system of its popularization changed. The process of raising the role of the natural sciences in the USSR using them for central ideological aims related to the triumph of materialism was marked by loudly propagated scientific events of greater political significance. Such an event was the so-called Pavlov’s Session in Moscow in 1950, whose decisions influenced the scientific institutions in Soviet Union as well as in the Eastern Bloc countries. The school of the Soviet physiologist of Armenian origin Levon Orbeli was criticised and rejected. A Pavlov’s Committee was set up to control the implementation of the Pavlov’s teaching. The aim of the article is to present the influence of the Pavlov’s session of the development of the Institute of Physiology of the Academy of Sciences in Yerevan in the early 1950-es when its experimental and research work became subordinated to the " Pavlovization " of physiology and political and propaganda tasks were added. The institute staff and activities grew, but institutional life was traumatized by the persecution of Levon Orbeli 's school, which reflected on his adherents like the Institute director Ararat Alexanyan who was pressed to leave the position in 1953 during the power struggles were disguised by the session's rhetoric.

SI «A. P. ROMODANOV NEUROSURGERY INSTITUTE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES OF UKRAINE» CELEBRATES THE 70 - TH ANNIVERSARY

In 2020, State Institution «A. P. Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» (hereinafter referred to as Institute) occupies the glorious anniversary – 70 years since its foundation. By order of the Minister of Health of the USSR No. 439 of July 3, 1950, the structure and staffing of the Kyiv Research Institute of Neurosurgery were approved in the amount of 291 units. The regulations on the Institute were approved by the Ministry of Health of Ukraine on August 4, 1950. Departments of Neuro-oncology, Acute Trauma of the Central and Peripheral Nervous System, Neurovascular Pathology, Restorative Neurosurgery and Pediatric Neurosurgery were established in the structure of the Institute. The Neurosurgery Institute in different years was headed by: O.I. Arutiunov (1950–1964), A.P. Romodanov (1964–1993), Yu.P. Zozulia (1993–2013), E.G. Pedachenko (since February 2013). Today, the Institute's clinical base consists of 15 specialized departments with 361 beds, where up to 7,000 patients are treated annually. In the out-patient department, from 30,000 to 40,000 patients receive counseling every year. In 15 operating rooms, more than 5,000 operations of the highest complexity are performed per year. Comprehensive examination and treatment of patients are provided by the scientific and diagnostic departments and laboratories. Currently, the Neurosurgery Institute staff amounts for 1,008 employees, including 38 doctors of medicine, 14 professors, and 80 candidates of medical sciences. Currently, the State Institution "Romodanov Neurosurgery Institute of NAMS of Ukraine" occupies a leading position in the diagnosing and treatment of neurosurgical pathology in Ukraine. The Institute has established and operates scientific schools on neurotrauma, neuro-oncology, vascular pathology of the brain and spinal cord, minimally invasive spinal neurosurgery, neurotransplantation, and neuroimmunology, which are headed and developed by leading specialists of the Institute. Throughout the existence of the Institute, training of scientific personnel is constantly carried out. The prospects for further development of the Neurosurgery Institute are intended in wide implementation of neuromodulation method, the development of gene therapy, the use of invasive electrophysiological studies and modern neuroimaging, the improvement and widespread adoption of endoscopic techniques in the neurosurgical practice, the development and implementation of methods of reconstructive neurosurgery and the treatment of chronic pain syndromes. It is extremely important for Ukraine to create a scientific and practical center for neurotrauma and a modern rehabilitation center on the basis of the Institute. Keywords: Neurosurgery Institute; anniversary; history

PARTICIPATION OF THE INSTITUTE FOR THE HISTORY OF MATERIAL CULTURE (THE MOSCOW BRANCH) OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR IN THE ACTIVITIES OF THE EXTRAORDINARY STATE COMMISSION (1943–1944)

В 1943–1944 гг. сотрудники Института истории материальной культуры принимали участие в работе Чрезвычайной государственной комиссии (ЧГК). Это выражалось в составлении инструкций по установлению стоимости различных археологических памятников для определения нанесенного им ущерба в период оккупации, составлении их списков и анкетировании. В 1944 г. ИИМК по заданию ЧГК организовал восемь экспедиций в освобожденные районы РСФСР и УССР с целью обследования ряда поселений и курганных могильников, а также музеев с археологическими коллекциями, пострадавших в военные годы. Участие в деятельности ЧГК позволило Московскому отделению ИИМК сохранить основные функции научного учреждения в тяжелый период войны. In 1943–1944 the staff of the Institute for the History of Material Culture was involved in the work performed by the Extraordinary State Commission. The Institute staff prepared guidelines to be used in assessing the value of various archaeological sites to determine the damage caused to the sites during the occupation period, prepared relevant lists and conducted questionnaire-based interviews. In 1944 by order of the Extraordinary State Commission, the Institute organized eight expeditions to the liberated regions of the Russian SFR and the Ukrainian SSR in order to survey a number of settlements and kurgan burial grounds as well as museums with archaeological collections damaged during the war. Involvement in the activities of the Extraordinary State Commission enabled the Moscow Branch of the Institute to continue performing its main functions as a research institution during the hard time of the war.

Abstract WP442: Process Improvement for Stroke/Cardiovascular Risk Factor Screening

Background and Purpose: Despite advances in the acute treatment of stroke, many patients are delayed in seeking care. While many factors contribute to delays, the principle factor continues to be a lack of public knowledge regarding stroke signs and symptoms. For several years, our Comprehensive Stroke team had been completing community stroke screenings independent of our CV team partners. As the risk factors for Stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) are very similar, we explored the possibility of combining our resources with our Neurological Institute staff and the Heart Institute staff. The purpose behind our process improvement project was to improve collaboration, enhance utilization of resources, and provide more comprehensive risk factor assessment and risk factor education for our participants. An additional goal included teaching the participants the signs/symptoms of Stroke and MI and the importance of calling 911 immediately. Methods: The first step was to create a team that included Neurological Institute and Heart Institute team members. We developed educational materials to be used during the events, including a comprehensive Stroke and Cardiovascular disease booklet, a Risk Factor Scorecard and other visual aids. As the project progressed, additional team members were added to meet the expanded needs identified during the screenings completed. Physician referral was incorporated for appropriate patients. Results: In 2017, the Stroke team completed 3 events and screened 180 participants with a total of 14 volunteers. In 2018, the Neurological/Heart teams completed 5 events with 180 participants screened by 57 volunteers. Thus far in 2019, the Neurological/Heart team has completed 5 events with 333 participants screened and 38 volunteers participating. Conclusions: An interdisciplinary team approach resulted in more comprehensive risk factor screening for participants, increased number of events and greater community outreach. In addition, 4 participants were referred for Cardiology appointments.

Evaluating Methods for Transcribing Specimen Labels

Distributed Systems of Scientific Collections (DiSSCo) a pan-European Research Infrastructure will facilitate the production of tens of millions of digital images of natural history specimens each year. The labels of these specimens contain valuable information for research, but their transcription can be difficult and time-consuming, with often hard to read handwritten labels. Whilst accurate label transcription is only one step along the way to create a specimen record fit for different research uses, it is an extremely important one. It would be very time-consuming to have to return to recheck label information for even a very small proportion of specimens. Once a specimen label is transcribed correctly, it becomes much easier to enhance the record with additional information from other sources, e.g. from literature or collector itineraries. It also becomes feasible to determine the point of collection from the textual information on the label by a process known as georeferencing, or even to find inaccuracies within the label itself. Under the auspices of the project Innovation and Consolidation for Large Scale Digitisation of Natural Heritage (ICEDIG), we compared different manual approaches to transcription of collection labels. Using herbarium specimens as an example, the quality of transcribed data by: in-house trained institute staff, outsourcing to a commercial company or transcription by the general public through online crowdsourcing platforms was compared through two transcription pilots. in-house trained institute staff, outsourcing to a commercial company or transcription by the general public through online crowdsourcing platforms was compared through two transcription pilots. The first pilot consisted of 200 Solanum specimen images from the Royal Botanic Gardens Kew in the UK and 200 from Meise Botanic Garden in Belgium. This particular genus was chosen as both institutes had specimens from which the label data had already been transcribed through the digitisation company Picturae, completed by Alembo. The Kew specimens had also been transcribed in-house by staff employed as digitisation officers or curators and by an independant researcher. The images from both institutes were uploaded to two crowdsourcing platforms: DigiVol and DoeDat. In a second pilot, multiple European institutions holding botanical collections were approached to provide a sample of 200 digitally imaged herbarium sheet specimens to upload to multiple crowdsourcing platforms. Specimens from 7 institutions were uploaded for transcription to 5 different crowdsourcing platforms: DigiVol, DoeDat, Die Herbonauten, Les Herbonautes and Notes from Nature. For both pilots, key transcription data were assessed and common errors in label transcription identified. Reasons for these errors will be discussed along with possible mechanisms to improve the accuracy of the transcriptions. The need for standards for transcription is identified and recommendations made.

Analysis of results and forecast of activities SI "Institute of Nephrology of the NAMS of Ukraine"

Institute of Nephrology of the AMS of Ukraine was established in 2001. Today the Institute constitutesserves as national center in nephrology field. Scientific achievements of the institute staff are known both in Ukraine and abroad scientific achievements of the institute. The aim. Analysis of results and forecast of activities of SI "Institute of Nephrology of the NAMS of Ukraine".

Conceptualizing Data Curation Activities Within Two Academic Libraries

A growing focus on sharing research data that meet certain standards, such as the FAIR guiding principles, has resulted in libraries increasingly developing and scaling up support for research data. As libraries consider what new data curation services they would like to provide as part of their repository programs, there are various questions that arise surrounding scalability, resource allocation, requisite expertise, and how to communicate these services to the research community. Data curation can involve a variety of tasks and activities. Some of these activities can be managed by systems, some require human intervention, and some require highly specialized domain or data type expertise. At the 2017 Triangle Research Libraries Network Institute, staff from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Duke University used the 47 data curation activities identified by the Data Curation Network project to create conceptual groupings of data curation activities. The results of this “thought-exercise” are discussed in this white paper. The purpose of this exercise was to provide more specificity around data curation within our individual contexts as a method to consistently discuss our current service models, identify gaps we would like to fill, and determine what is currently out of scope. We hope to foster an open and productive discussion throughout the larger academic library community about how we prioritize data curation activities as we face growing demand and limited resources.

A cross sectional study to determine the prevalence and risk factors of low back pain among public technical institute staff in Kurdistan Region, Iraq

There is a lack of quantitative data regarding exposure response relationships between low back pain (LBP) and associated risk factors among institute staff in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. This study explored such associations in an analytic cross-sectional study. Data collection was carried out with a self-administered questionnaire. A total of 70 (90%) institute staff from Koya Technical Institute (KTI) participated in this study. The findings indicated that 61.4% of KTI staff report LBP. Independent variables significantly associated with reporting LBP (P value <0.05) during past 12 months were smoking (OR=10.882; 95%CI=1.301-90.995) and job tenure (OR=3.159; 95% CI=1.072-9.312). In conclusion, LBP is significantly associated with smoking and years worked; therefore, workers should be educated on the effects of smoking not only as it relates to LBP, but also how it affects the whole body and how to quit it. This can be done through health promotion campaigns and programs sponsored by the university.