Determination of Acceptable U-values for Naturally Ventilated Residential Building Façades in Singapore

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. H. Wong ◽  
S. Li
Keyword(s):  
Residential Building ◽  
Building Facades

Airborne Algal growth on roofs of membrane-structured residences in cold area of Japan

2020 ◽  
pp. 174425912098003
Author(s):  
Makiko Nakajima ◽  
Daisuke Masueda ◽  
Shuichi Hokoi ◽  
Takayuki Matsushita
Keyword(s):  
Algal Growth ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
Transparent Film ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Algal Population ◽  
Building Facades ◽  
Cold Area ◽  
Survey Results

The discoloration of building facades due to airborne algae is observed in our surroundings. The growth conditions of these algae are not yet fully understood, and efficient measures for preventing the growth of the algae are not presently available. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the ambient environment and building structure on algal growth. A residential building in a cold region of Japan was surveyed. The roof was a multi-layered structure comprising a semi-transparent film, an air layer, and a layer of insulation from the outside, supported by rafters. The soiled state was visually observed by taking photographs. On the northeast (NE) and northwest (NW) roofs, several black stripes appeared 4 months after cleaning. The soiling increased in the spring and autumn. The soiling first appeared on the film backed by the rafter and then extended to the film backed by the air layer. The condensation time during the day in the rafter part was longer than that in the air-layer part. Condensation occurred during the night, but its frequency exhibited no dependence on the orientation of the roof. Algae tend to die when exposed to an environment with a temperature higher than 45°C. The NE roof had the shortest period with a surface temperature of >45°C. These measurements agreed well with the survey results, which indicated that the soiling mainly occurred on the NE and NW sides of the roofs. The time for algal growth was estimated under the assumption that algae can grow at surface temperatures ranging from 0 to 45°C, in agreement with the observed soiling. The observed soiling changes were well explained by the algal population calculated via a growth predictive model according to the algal temperature and relative humidity.

scholarly journals MultiDefectNet: Multi-Class Defect Detection of Building Façade Based on Deep Convolutional Neural Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9785
Author(s):  
Kisu Lee ◽  
Goopyo Hong ◽  
Lee Sael ◽  
Sanghyo Lee ◽  
Ha Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Object Detection ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Defect Detection ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Training Environment ◽  
Building Facade ◽  
Building Facades

Defects in residential building façades affect the structural integrity of buildings and degrade external appearances. Defects in a building façade are typically managed using manpower during maintenance. This approach is time-consuming, yields subjective results, and can lead to accidents or casualties. To address this, we propose a building façade monitoring system that utilizes an object detection method based on deep learning to efficiently manage defects by minimizing the involvement of manpower. The dataset used for training a deep-learning-based network contains actual residential building façade images. Various building designs in these raw images make it difficult to detect defects because of their various types and complex backgrounds. We employed the faster regions with convolutional neural network (Faster R-CNN) structure for more accurate defect detection in such environments, achieving an average precision (intersection over union (IoU) = 0.5) of 62.7% for all types of trained defects. As it is difficult to detect defects in a training environment, it is necessary to improve the performance of the network. However, the object detection network employed in this study yields an excellent performance in complex real-world images, indicating the possibility of developing a system that would detect defects in more types of building façades.

scholarly journals Genetic Algorithms Based Reference Signal Determination for Temperature Control of Residential Buildings

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Gorni ◽  
Antonio Visioli
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Optimal Set

This paper deals with the use of genetic algorithms for the determination of the optimal set-point signals for the control of the temperature in a residential building for which the use of the rooms, that is, the user requirements, are different throughout the day. In particular, the optimization procedure aims at minimizing the overall energy consumption by satisfying, at the same time, the comfort constraints set by the user. Both the case of radiators and fan-coil units are considered. The presence of unoccupied rooms is also addressed. Finally, a comparison between this approach and a Model Predictive Control based one is presented. Simulation results obtained by using TRNSYS software tool demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.

scholarly journals Determination of the speed of air outflow from the ventilation shaft of the warm attic of a multi-storey residential building under different initial conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
E. A. Anshukova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Ventilation Shaft

The operating conditions of a warm attic as an element of natural ventilation of a multi-storey residential building have an impact on the efficiency of the entire ventilation system performance, as well as on the condition of the enclosing structures. The study of the distribution of microclimate parameters in its volume makes it possible to more fully assess the ongoing processes. The result of calculating the rate of air outflow from the ventilation shaft of a warm attic by mathematical modeling is provided.

scholarly journals Seismic Effect on Design of Residential Multi-Storey Building (Stilt+17 Floors) In Zone-Iii and Zone-Iv using Etabs

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 4662-4666 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Building ◽  
Seismic Effect ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Earthquake Resistant ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
Earthquake Resistant Structures ◽  
Effective Design ◽  
Storey Building

Structural Analysis is a branch which involves in the determination of behaviour of structures so as to predict the responses of different structural components due to impact of loads. ETABS (Extended 3 Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems) is a software which is incorporated with all the major analysis engines that are static, dynamic, linear and non-linear etc. The main purpose of this paper is to design Multi-storeyed building with a static method, since an effective design and construction of earthquake resistant structures are important all over the world. This project deals with seismic effect on “analysis, design and comparison of multi-storey residential building of stilt+17 floors in zone-iii and zone-iv using ETABS”. It is an attempt to study the behaviour of a residential building using ETABS in different zones and areas with same soil bearing capacity. Analysis and design has been carried out as per IS1843-2002 (Part-1) and IS 456:2000. The more drifts and displacements have been noticed in zone 4 compared to zone 3

scholarly journals Ventilated cladding systems: structural and drainability performance criteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Fernando Batista da Silva ◽  
Ercio Thomaz ◽  
Luciana Alves de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Wall ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Practical Case ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Efficient Measure ◽  
Building Facades

Abstract Cladding systems have significant effect on the performance and durability of building façades, contributing to the building watertightness, property valuation, aesthetic finishing, and decoration. Non-adherent cladding, also named rainscreen cladding or ventilated cladding, is currently used in residential and commercial buildings, new constructions, or retrofit operations, and it is considered an efficient measure to improve the moisture safety of building envelopes. Therefore, the absence of Brazilian normalization to ventilated cladding systems is one of the difficulties limiting its increased local application. In Brazil, a technical standard, NBR 15575, parts 1-6, (2013), establish the general performance requirements and test methods to evaluate residential building systems including structure, wall, floor, coverage, and hydraulic installation. However, this standard cannot be integrally applied to the cladding systems because it was developed considering the vertical wall system as a whole. In this study, we propose the criteria and test methods for assessing ventilated cladding systems while taking into account the structural safety (wind loads resistance, hard and soft impact resistance) and drainability requirements. The following activities are performed: literature review, practical case study, and tests on prototypes for validation of the proposal. The tests allow verification of the feasibility of the criteria and tests methods proposed. In addition, the proposal makes it possible to guide design, construction, and maintenance needs, thereby inducing the growth of this technology in Brazil.

Determining The Service Life Of Structures, Buildings And Facilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Residual Service Life ◽  
Current Economic Situation

The determination of the service life (residual resource) of buildings and structures during operation and during reconstruction becomes particularly relevant, because the current economic situation requires a significant reduction in production costs, which is facilitated by the use of sound scientifically and in detail developed strategies for the operation of construction projects, including the conduct of scheduled-preventive and capital repairs. The article considers the existing methods of determining the residual service life of structures of buildings and facilities in Russia. The necessity of updating and correcting the above methods in terms of clarifying the significance coefficients for elements of buildings is justified, as well as recommendations for supplementing the State Standard "Buildings and Structures. Rules for Inspection and Monitoring of Technical Condition" are made. The methods considered in the article make it possible to estimate the physical depreciation and the remaining operation time of buildings before capital overhaul based on the technical condition of the building, obtained on the basis of the survey, which is confirmed by the considered example of a residential building in the city of Sosnogorsk (Komi Republic).

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