scholarly journals Foreign experience of financial support of citizens in case of unemployment

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Olena PETRUSHKA
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Employment Policy ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Swedish Model

Introduction. Unemployment, as one of the world's economic problems today, significantly affects the material, social and professional level of the working population. Payment of unemployment benefits is one of the measures of social support of citizens by the state. Such social benefits are twofold, as on the one hand they replace lost earnings, and on the other one they will be perceived by the state regulation of labor resources. The purpose of the paper is to study and borrow positive experience of social insurance in case of unemployment in different countries of the world in accordance with their affiliation to labor market models and employment promotion. Results. The American Unemployment Insurance System is formed solely by employers' contributions (except in 3 states where employees also pay contributions) and provides benefits for 26 weeks. Each state has its own social security program, according to which contributions are formed and unemployment benefits are paid. If we talk about the European model of employment, its characteristic feature is that it is focused on reducing employment by increasing productivity and increasing the income level of working citizens. The Swedish model of social insurance in the event of unemployment is characterized by an active employment policy, in particular, preference is given to vocational training and professional development. In addition, the emphasis is on providing employment by creating jobs in the public sector with average and satisfactory working and pay conditions. The Japanese model of employment incentives has a number of characteristic features: the country has a widespread system of lifelong employment; the amount of remuneration for work is set depending on the length of service of the employee, his age and marital status; trade unions (unions) are not created on a sectoral basis, but directly at the level of economic entities. Conclusion. Building a multi-level social insurance system enables insured persons to receive high-level social benefits, insurers to create favorable working conditions and select highly qualified workers, and insurers to regulate the labor market and reduce unemployment.

scholarly journals Soviet Social Insurance Model in Lithuania: Structure and Ideology

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
Arvydas Guogis ◽  
Natalija Bogdanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Unemployment Benefits ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Communist System ◽  
Insurance Model ◽  
The One

This article analyses the structure and ideology of the Soviet social insurance system. In the whole territory of theUSSR the same principles and laws of social insurance were applied. However, in several Soviet republics, for example Lithuania,some specific elements were observed which influenced the administrative methods in social security, social insurance and socialsupport. The article explains the nature of social insurance expenditure. We define and explain the branches of social insurance in the USSR: old age and disability pensions, illness, maternity, funeral and unemployment benefits (the latter were paid in the early Sovietperiod only). The article deals with official USSR and Lithuanian SSR statistics, mainly from the last Soviet period (beginning 1975), when Soviet social insurance reached its limits and showed its potential. Although Soviet social insurance was related to theprinciples of the Bismarckian work record and former earnings, it was however financed from Moscow's centrally organised budgetand was not related to meaningful contributions of employers and employees. The one-party communist system had a big role in thefunctioning of social insurance in the USSR and the Lithuanian SSR.

scholarly journals Restructuring of the Disability Pension Scheme Following a Concept of an Integrated Public Social Insurance System in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Roman Garbiec
Keyword(s):  
Disability Pension ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Pension System ◽  
The State ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
Pension Benefits

AbstractThe disability pension system in Poland has operated largely unchanged since the 1970s. A compelling need to reform the system and adjust it to the challenges of the 21st century is an axiom in the Polish social policy. Unfortunately, restructuring of this system has never been, and is not a top priority for the Polish government. Ignoring this problem is a headwind against economic growth in Poland as the state is overburdened with significant social taxes. A need for the state to provide subsidies to cover current expenditures of the Social Insurance Trust Fund (FUS) is a permanent concern of the national economy. This paper highlights legislative errors and omissions in the Polish social insurance system, and the share of the state's budget devoted to financing of this system and benefit payments over the years 1991-2018. In the main part of the article, financial aspects of the operation of the pension system in Poland were presented. At the end of the article, a preliminary concept of a reform of the existing disability pension system was outlined, whose aim is in particular to improve its financial effectiveness and introduce uniform rules for the payment of pension benefits in Poland.

scholarly journals The place of social insurance in the formation of resources of the social protection system

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-120
Author(s):  
Radmila Pidlypna
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Social Strategy ◽  
The Social

Introduction. Today there is a need for the application of effective and efficient methods and means of state regulation of the social sphere; which raises to a new level the social protection system in general and the social insurance system in particular. The development of an optimal social insurance system is one of the priorities of the state’s social strategy and should be considered as a subsystem of social protection aimed at overcoming poverty; ensuring the appropriate level and quality of life of the population of Ukraine. Purpose. The main task of the article is to identify the place of financial resources of social insurance in the system of social protection in Ukraine by analyzing current statistical information. Methods. The study is based on operational and system-structural analysis of current statistical information on the accumulation and distribution of budget funds in the social sphere. Quantitative and qualitative comparison; graphical and statistical methods are used to analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of the social insurance system. Results. A significant part of the expenditures of social protection of the population in Ukraine is covered by the funds of the obligatory state social insurance; which testifies to its key role in ensuring the social protection of the population of Ukraine. At the same time; the formation of social infrastructure resources is carried out mainly through budget funding; so the constant growth of social expenditures in the consolidated budget of Ukraine does not allow to ensure a high standard of living. Social insurance is characterized by partial self-financing; as it provides for the formation of funds through social contributions; which finance a third of social benefits and other social transfers. Thus; it is an effective tool for ensuring state regulation of the social sphere. Discussion. In the further research it is expedient to focus on studying world practice of formation of effective systems of social insurance for the purpose of search of alternative types of social insurance and their introduction in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Social Insurance in the Countries of the World and Prospects for Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (525) ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
O. M. Levanda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
The State ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Pension Schemes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Defined Contributions

The article is aimed at denfining the perspective approaches and evaluating the feasibility of using the world experience of social, in particular pension, insurance in Ukraine. On the basis of the analytical approach, the essence and content of social insurance are considered. In particular, social insurance schemes were studied, among which are distiguished the following: social security that covers all workers and is controlled and funded by the State authorities; scheme for the employed population – includes the relationship between the employer and the employee, which are provided as part of the conditions of employment; individual insurance scheme – concluded solely on the initiative of the insurer. It is determined that common schemes against the background of the COVID-19 crisis among the countries of the world (including Ukraine) are assistance in case of illness, unemployment benefits, pensions and disability payments, health insurance provision, social insurance contributions. It is proved that social insurance performs a protective function for society against external risks. In particular, in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection, thanks to the social insurance system, the degree of impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the income of vulnerable groups at the expense of public policy programs has been reduced. The experience of countries around the world as to social insurance programs, including pension schemes is researched along with their further consideration, namely: schemes with defined contributions (DC); schemes managed by non-governmental institutions; notional defined contributions (NDC) schemes; schemes managed by the public administration sector; schemes of defined benefits (DB); hybrid schemes that combine the characteristics of DC and DB pension schemes; schemes administered by an autonomous pension fund. It is determined that pension schemes are being implemented within terms of three systems: solidarity, accumulation and hybrid. In general, the results of the research indicate that the management of the social insurance system in the countries of the world in general and in Ukraine in particular is carried out under regulatory and legal control by the State, which acts as a guarantor of protection of the population in the conditions of national peculiarities of the economy.

The Joint Development of Insurance and Investment Markets in Poland: An Analysis of Actuarial Risks

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-763
Author(s):  
P.M. Booth ◽  
K.J. Stroinski
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
The State ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Joint Development ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Liability Structure

ABSTRACTThe development of the Polish insurance market in the period since liberalisation is discussed. The nature of the investment market and the investment risk faced by insurers are analysed in the context of the liability structure of Polish insurance companies. The likely future developments in insurance and investment markets are outlined, particularly given the structure of the state social insurance system, possible reforms of which are discussed in detail.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE MINIMUM LEVEL OF KNOWLEDGE ON SOCIAL INSURANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 562 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Robert Marczak
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Insurance System ◽  
Insurance System ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

The Polish social insurance system is a part of the social security scheme. The Constitution of the Republic of Poland imposes on the state an obligation to create such system and to fulfill social security guarantees for every citizen. Participation in the social insurance system, and thus insurance coverage in the field of the consequences of social risks, is strictly dependent on the fact of performing a gainful activity on the principles set out in the social insurance act (among others: work under a contract of employment or under a civil law contract and conducting business). The legality of employment and the employer fairness on the one hand, and the effectiveness of control authorities of state institutions on the other hand, are two driving engines of the insurance guarantee. Responsibility for providing such insurance protection lies between the institutional activities of the state and the individual foresight of the citizen. It is on his/her side that knowledge about social insurance plays a very important role as an element of risk awareness. The act on the social insurance system imposes on the Polish executive institution in the area of social insurance (the Polish social insurance institution, ZUS) the obligation to popularize this knowledge. The purpose of the article is the attempt to indicate the scope of a minimum knowledge of social insurance, which will allow a citizen to make a conscious participation in the system, i.e. effective protection against the results of the possible risks.

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