scholarly journals To Determine the Frequency of Dural Tear in Patients Presenting with Depressed Skull Fracture

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Sohail Amir ◽  
Syed Amir Shah ◽  
Khaleeq -Ur- Zaman
Keyword(s):  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Temporal Region ◽  
Dural Tear ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Depressed Skull Fracture ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Ct Brain ◽  
One Year

OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to determine the frequency of dural tear in patients with depressed skull fractures.MATERIAL and MethodThis cross-sectional study was conducted in department of Neurosurgery Pakistan institute of Medical Sciences Islamabad from January 2010 to December 2011. All patients of either gender with depressed skull fracture above one year of age were included in the study. CT brain with bone window done in all patients. Per-operative dura in the region of depressed skull fracture was closely observed for any dural tear. The data collected on pre designed proforma. and analyzed using SPSS version 20.0RESULTSA total of 96 patients were recruited in the study out of which 58(60.4%) were male and 38(39.5%) were female. Male to female ratio was 1.5:1. And mean age was 19.23 + 2.54 years. The most common location of depressed skull fracture was parietal 37(38.5%), followed by frontal in 27(28.1%), 15(15.6%)in temporal region,13(13.5%) in occipital region and only 4(4.1%) located in posterior fossa. Dural tear was present in 33(34.3%) while in 63(65.6%) it was absent. Other finding associated with depressed skull fracture per operatively were extradural hematoma in 16(16%), subdural hematoma in 11(11.4%), contusion in 16(16.6%) and pneumoencephalus was observed in 20(20.8%) cases.CONCLUSIONThe frequency of dural tear in DFS is quite high, so one should be vigilant to identify the defect and repair it properly to minimize post operative complications.

scholarly journals Correlation of fracture depression area and dural tear among patients with depressed skull fracture

2020 ◽  
pp. 108-111
Keyword(s):  
Skull Fracture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dural Tear ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depressed Skull Fracture ◽  
Depressed Fracture ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Depressed skull fracture means to have a fracture that has a depth of more than a bone thickness. Consequently, the force is very small to a blunt object, which is often seen in the frontoparietal region due to the low bone thickness in the area. On the other hand, tearing of the dura matter beneath the depressed fractures has a great value from the prognostic and surgical point of view. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the area of the depressed fracture and dural tear using computerized tomography scan at admission. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 40 patients who had been diagnosed with depressed skull fractures atImam Reza Educational Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,within2016-2017. The level of consciousness, the Glasgow Coma Scale, and symptoms on admission were evaluated for each patient. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using studentchr('39')s t-test and Chi-square test for statistical analysis of parametric and nonparametric variables. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of the cases was obtained as 34/9±14/32 (18-60) years. The mean depressed fracture area (6/93±5/52) ranged from 0/79-19/63cm² (7.13±5.99) for the patients with dural tear and 6.93±5.66 for the ones with intact dura. The cut-off point for predicting dural tear was determined 6.92 cm² with 84% sensitivity. Conclusions: It was revealed that there was a significant correlation between the area of fracture depression and dural tear. Furthermore, in patients with dural tear, fracture depression level was considerably higher than that in patients with intact dura.

scholarly journals Role of Multidetector Computerised Tomography in Evaluation of Proptosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Elina Shrestha ◽  
Narayan Bikram Thapa ◽  
Shankar Bahadur Singh Rajbhandari
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Computerised Tomography ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
One Year ◽  
Female Male Female

Introduction: Proptosis is defined as bulging of eye anteriorly out of the orbit. Our main objective was to analyze the pattern of computerised tomographic findings in evaluation of proptosis. Computerised tomography (CT) is noninvasive, easily accessible, affordable and reliable imaging which helps in early diagnosis and prompt treatment. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study of total 58 patients presenting with proptosis referred to our department of radiology for computerised tomography evaluation during one year period were undertaken into study. The clinical information provided by ophthalmologist also helped our study to derive into conclusion. SPSS version 20 software was used for statistical data analysis. Results: Out of 58 patients, the most common cause of proptosis was neoplasm constituting of 25 cases (43.1%). Retinoblastoma was the commonest orbital tumor. Out of remaining cases, 15 (25.8%) were infective, 14 (24.1%) were inflammatory, two (3.44%) were traumatic and remaining two cases (3.44%) had no definitive cause for proptosis. Bilateral proptosis was commonly associated with thyroid ophthalmopathy. Among the subjects 32 were male, 26 were female. Male: Female ratio was 1:1.23. Age group was ranging from 1 month to 73 years.Mean age was 26.4 ± 22 years. Conclusions: Computerised tomography has an important role in distinguishing the different types of lesions based on their characteristics, location and extension prior to undertaking definitive surgical and medical treatment. Overall accuracy of CT in our study was 81%, sensitivity of 82.6%, specificity of 80.6%, positive predictive value of 76% and negative predictive value of 86.2%.

scholarly journals PEDIATRIC UROLITHIASIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (07) ◽  
pp. 1129-1133
Author(s):  
Mubeena Laghari ◽  
Fouzia Shaikh ◽  
Shazia Murtaza
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bladder Stone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Pediatric Urolithiasis ◽  
Ammonium Hydrogen ◽  
One Year

Objectives: To determine the biochemical composition and biochemical typesof childhood urolithiasis. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration: PediatricSurgery Department, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, and University ofSindh, Jamshoro over one year. Subjects & Methods: 30 pediatric cases urinary bladderurolithiasis were selected. Children of age few of ten years were selected. Any contaminationform bladder stone was removed by washing them in distilled deionized water. Stones weredried for an overnight in an oven at temperature of 100 0C. Dried stones were smashed intopieces. Biochemical analysis was performed by the FTIR spectroscopy (Nicolet Avatar 330FTIR spectrophotometer). Results were analyzed on the software SPSS 22.0 (95% confidenceinterval). Results: Mean age was 4.83 years (SD 2.81 years). Of 30 children, 80% (n=24) weremale and 20% (n=6) were female children. Male to female ratio of 4:1 was noted. 16.6% (n=5)were pure stone and 83.3% (n=25) were mixed stones. (P=0.0001). Biochemical analysisshowed the calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM)-ammonium hydrogen urate (AHU) was themost common urinary bladder stone. Conclusions: The pediatric urolithiasis shows the mostcommon type of urinary bladder stone was the calcium oxalate monohydrate–ammoniumhydrogen urate.

scholarly journals Common Site of Urinary Calculi in Kidney, Ureter and Urinary Bladder Region: Jos Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Moses Danjem ◽  
Salaam AJ ◽  
Kolade- Yunusa HO ◽  
Shuaibu SI
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urinary Calculi ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Location ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: To determine the common location of calculus along the urinary tract using CT scan.  Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted using CT from November 2016 to September 2018, in a tertiary hospital in Jos, Nigeria. The CT images acquired from this period were evaluated and 50 patients were positive for urolithiasis. The data was subjected to statistical analysis based on age, gender and calculus location. Results: Out of the 50 patients with calculi, 34 were males and 16 were females with a male to female ratio of 2.13:1. 137 urinary calculi were documented in which 90 were in males and 47 in the female patients. Highest occurrence of calculi was seen in age group 31-40 years (34.0%). 112(82%) were renal stones, 12(9%) were ureteric stones, 8(6%) were found in pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ), 3(2%) were in the vesico-ureteric junction (VUJ), 2(1%) were in the urinary bladder and none in the urethra. Conclusion: Kidney stones are the most common followed by the ureter, the pelvi-ureteric junction, the vesico-ureteric junction and the bladder.  

Age, Gender and Common Site of Haematoma Formation among Acute Subdural Hematoma Patients: Experience of 48 Cases in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Kalim Uddin ◽  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Ashraful Haque ◽  
Amir Md Khan ◽  
Md Mahfuzur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Acute Subdural Hematoma ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical College ◽  
And Gender ◽  
One Year

Background: Acute subdural hematoma can occurs in different age group of patients in both male and female. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the age and gender distribution among acute subdural hematoma patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Neurosurgery Department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2011 to August 2012 for a period of one year and eight months. Patients with acute subdural hematoma who fulfil the inclusion criteria for surgery and got admitted were selected as study population. Acute Subdural hematoma patient of any age, both sex with GCS 5 to 13, thickness of hematoma more than l0 mm, midline shift more than 5 mm, pupil reacting to light and patient presented within 72 hours of injury were included for this study. At admission, a detailed history of the illness was taken from the patient or attendant, thorough general and neurological examinations were carried out and were recorded. Result: A total number of 48 patients were recruited for this current study. The mean age of the patients was 32.39±11.63 years and their age ranged from 10 to 56 years. The male and female ratio was 5:1. Out of 48 patients 17(31.25%) cases were fronto-temporal. Temporo-parietal were 16(33.3%) patients. Fronto-temporo-parietal were 7(14.5%) cases. Parietal were 5(10.41%) cases. Frontal were 3 (6.25%) case. Conclusion: In conclusion majority of the patients are male young adults presented with fronto-temporal and temporo-parietal region of shull. Journal of Science Foundation 2019;17(2):54-57

scholarly journals Clinical Experience with Frame Based Stereotactic Biopsy for Intracranial Space Occupying Lesion

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (212) ◽  
pp. 749-753
Author(s):  
Suresh Bishokarma ◽  
Shikher Shrestha ◽  
Munu Napit ◽  
Dinesh Nath Gongal
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Glial Tumor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
Space Occupying Lesion

Introduction: Preoperative diagnosis of intracranial space occupying lesion based solely on clinical and neuroimaging evaluation may not be sufficient to institute treatment plan without histopathological certainty. Frame based stereotactic biopsy is a technique of retrieving biopsy specimen to determine the histopathology. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and accuracy of frame based technique. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted among 80 patients who underwent computed tomography guided frame based stereotactic biopsy during a period of 6 years. All operations were performed under local anesthesia. Histopathology reports were retrieved and accuracy of biopsy technique analyzed. Results: Out of 80 patients, 58 were male with male to female ratio of 2.6:1. Median age of patients were 50 years with range from 16 to 75 years. Most lesions were in deeper location lesions that was 49 (61.3%). Most common location was Parietal, 15 (18.8%) followed by Thalamic, 12 (15%). Mean size of lesion was 2.88±0.71cms ranged from 2 to 5cms. Biopsy was accurate to retrieve target in 74 (92.5%) patients. Histopathology revealed glial tumor in 41 (51.2% ) of cases. Overall morbidity was observed in 3 (5.5%) patients. There is no procedure related mortality in this study during study period. Conclusions: Frame based biopsy of intracranial space occupying lesion is safe and efficacious procedure with high diagnostic yield.

scholarly journals Fundoscopic findings in patients presenting with primary headache disorders.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1765-1769
Author(s):  
Bilal Khan ◽  
Khalid Khanzada ◽  
Muhammad Usman Khan ◽  
Sajjad Ullah ◽  
Usman Haqqani
Keyword(s):  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Focal Neurological Deficit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Intracranial Lesion ◽  
Primary Headache Disorders ◽  
Ct Brain

Objectives: To know about the findings on fundoscopic examination in patients complaining of primary headache presenting to the Neurosurgical Outpatient Department (OPD). Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Neurosurgery unit of Govt. Naseer Ullah Babar Memorial Hospital, Kohat Road, Peshawar. Period: December 2016 to December 2017. Materials and Methods: All patients presenting to the Neurosurgical OPD with complaints of headache on whom a fundoscopy was done, were included in the study. The age, gender, duration of symptoms, findings on the fundoscopy, and the need for further studies i.e. CT brain, were noted on a proforma. Any positive findings on fundoscopy were further referred to and evaluated by an ophthalmologist under the slit lamp. All patients with history of recent trauma, focal neurological deficit, and those who had undergone brain imaging were excluded from the study. Consent was taken from all the patients. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 19, and was expressed in the form of tables and charts. Results: A total of 19,000 patients were evaluated in the Neuro-OPD during study period, and 1086 patients were having headache.  Majority of the patients were females with a number of 619 (56.99%), while 447(43.01%) were males. The male to female ratio was approaching 1.38:1. Age range was from 9 to 62 years and the mean age was 37 years. Duration of symptoms was from 20 days to 12 years with a mean duration of 9 months. Positive findings were noted in a minority of patients, 2.5% (n=28); including pappiledema, diabetic and hypertensive changes. Subsequent Brain imaging was done in 93(8.5%) patients, majority of them were on patients' request, and only 7 patients were having an intracranial lesion. Conclusion: A minority of patients with headache without any neurology had intracranial lesion. However, the importance of fundoscopy cannot be overruled, and should be performed in every patient with headache.

Computed Tomography Angiography (CTA) Evaluation of Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Md Tauhidul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahirul Hoque Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammad Sadekur Rahman Sarkar ◽  
KM Ahasan Ahmed ◽  
Md Nazmul Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multiple Aneurysm ◽  
Traumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
One Year ◽  
Spontaneous Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background: In evaluation of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage CT angiography (CTA) has 97-98% sensitivity and near 100% specificity. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the CTA findings of CT positive non traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methodology: This is an observational cross sectional study performed in Neurology department of National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka over one year period (January 2019 to December 2019). Total 87 CT positive subarachnoid hemorrhage cases were purposively included in this study. All CT positive patients underwent CTA of Cerebral vessels for further evaluation. The angiography were evaluated by competent neuro-radiologists blinded about the study. Result: Among 87 patients, 40.2% were male and 59.8% were female. The average age was 53.33±11.1 years. Among the studied patient the source of bleeding was found 78.16% aneurysmal and 21.84% non-aneurysmal. 85.30% patients had single aneurysm and 14.70% had multiple aneurysm. The highest number of patient had Acom aneurysm (41.17%) followed by MCA (22.05%), ICA (13.23%), ACA (7.35%) and vertebral artery (1.14%) in order of frequency. Among the multiple aneurysm group most of the patients had combination of Acom, MCA and ICA aneurysm. Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that CTA can be used as the primary diagnostic tool in evaluation of spontaneous SAH. Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2020;6(2): 78-81

Role of Fibrinolytic Therapy in Empyema Thoracis – A Hospital Based one year Cross Sectional Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
Dr. Girish.L Dandagi ◽  
◽  
Venkat kalyana kumar. P ◽  
Dr. Dr.Isaac Mathew ◽  
Dr. Dr.G S Gaude Dr. Dr.G S Gaude
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽  
Empyema Thoracis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Risk Factors, Pattern and Outcome of Motorcycle-associated Head Injury in Sokoto: An Analysis of 184 Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Olayere Obanife ◽  
Nasiru Jinjiri Ismail ◽  
Ali Lasseini ◽  
Bello B. Shehu ◽  
Ega J. Otorkpa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Significant Negative Impact

Abstract Background Road traffic accident (RTA) is the eighth leading cause of death worldwide. Motorcycle-associated head injury is the leading cause of road traffic associated morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Even though the incidence and mortality of head injury from motor cycle crash is on the increase in developing countries, especially in the African continent, most of the studies published in the literature on this subject matter took place in the developed Western countries. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of data from patients managed in our institution between December 2014 and November 2016. Results One hundred and eighty-four patients were analyzed. None of the patients used safety helmet for protection. The mean age was 27.6 ± 17.2 years with male female ratio of 6.7:1. Lone crash by cyclists and collisions accounted for 66.8% and 33.1% of the cases, respectively. Passengers and riders comprised 75% of the patients, while 25% were vulnerable pedestrians. The most frequently abused substance by the patients was tramadol (65.52%). Severe head injury and pupillary abnormality were found in 23.9% and 45.5% of the patients, respectively. Cranial CT scan showed abnormalities in 40.2% of the patients. Surgery was done in 28.3% of the patients with mortality rate of 20.7%. Conclusions The use of motorcycle as a mean of transportation has caused significant negative impact on the society. Young people, who constitute the workforce, are majorly affected, and this invariably leads to a serious economic burden on the concerned families and communities.

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