scholarly journals Frequency of Anxiety and Its Risk Factors Among Working & Non-Working Women of Peshawar

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Nighat Musa ◽  
Yasir Mehmood ◽  
Asghar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Group ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

OBJECTIVE: to determine the frequency of anxiety & its risk factors among working and non-working women. METHODOLOGY: Study design was descriptive observational. The study duration was seven months (June – December 2016). It was a community based study.Sample size for this study was calculated on 52% prevalence of anxiety Pakistan. A total of 400 women were selected (200 working and 200 non-working women). A semi structured questionnaire was used along with Taylor manifest anxiety scale as study tool. Data was presented in the form of tables and graphs. RESULTS:The frequency of anxiety was 58%. Anxiety was more among working women than non-working women. Most of the women were literate 65.5%. Majority of the women having anxiety were living in nuclear family. The age group most effected was between 21-35 years (67%), 58% were married, single were 34% and 8% were either divorced or widow. Approximately 58% of women with anxiety had less than 2 children and 42% were having more than 2 children. Approximately 88% women with anxiety belonged from low and middle income group having less than 20,000/-PKR and 20,001-50,000/-PKR household income respectively. Only 12% belonged from high group having more than 50,001/- PKR.Conclusions: Anxiety is more common among working women. Married women living in nuclear family system, being single, young age group between 21-35 years, less than 2 children and low household income were the key risk factors.

scholarly journals Economics of Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) Production in a Selected Upazila of Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basanta K Barmon ◽  
Imrana Sharmin ◽  
Parvez K Abbasi ◽  
Al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Mushroom Production ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
Middle Income Group ◽  
Benefit Cost

A study was conducted during 2011 to estimate profit, benefit cost ratio (BCR) and household income of mushroom production and also to explore the problems of producing mushroom and its marketing channels in Bangladesh. Thirty samples were randomly selected and information on mushroom production was collected using comprehensive questionnaire from Savar Upazila in Dhaka district. Mushroom was found to be a profitable agricultural enterprise (22,888 taka per farm). The benefit cost ratio (BCR) was 1.55. The average family household income was about Tk. 43,731. Usually, three intermediaries (mushroom office, wholesalers and retailers) are involved in the marketing channels of mushroom. The marketing margin of mushroom for farm-gate to wholesalers and wholesalers to retailers were taka 50 and 70 per kg, respectively. It was revealed that rich and middle income group people were the main mushroom customers. Even though mushroom is a profitable enterprise, the producers faced numerous problems regarding mushroom production and marketing. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v10i2.13144 The Agriculturists 2012; 10(2) 77-89

scholarly journals TO DEVELOP A SET OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PARENTS WHOSE CHILDREN ARE IN THE EARLY ADOLESCENT AGE GROUP

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1276-1278
Author(s):  
Shreya Mehta ◽  
◽  
Garima Babel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Group ◽  
Municipal Boundaries ◽  
Age Range

The present study was undertaken to assess the parenting styles of mother and father of early adolescent and its influence on personality development. The investigation took place in the municipal boundaries of Udaipur city. The total sample of the research consisted of 360 respondents who belonged to middle income group. The sample selected comprised of early adolescents (120) in the age range of 11-13 years and their father (120) and mother (120). Few recommendations for parents of early adolescent were developed which can be useful for further researches.

scholarly journals Knowledge of rural women regarding health and nutrition practices in Bikaner district of Rajasthan, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 548-557
Author(s):  
Suchitra ◽  
Neena Sareen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Women ◽  
Family System ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
General Information ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Health And Nutrition

The present study was conducted in Bikaner district. There are six panchayat samitis out of which Bikaner Panchayat Samiti was selected. Out of thirty one Gram Panchayat in Bikaner Panchayat Samiti four Gram Panchayat were selected namely Kilchoo Deodan, Ridmalsarpurohitan, Palana and Nalbari. One village from each selected Gram Panchayat was selected on the basis of random sampling technique. Thus, four villages were selected for the present investigation (Surdhanachauhanan, Raisar, Palana, Nalbari). A sample of one twenty rural women in the age group 15-45 years (30 rural women from each village). Interview Schedule was developed to collect the data regarding health and nutrition knowledge of rural women. The major findings of the present study revealed that in general information majority of the respondents belonged to middle age group, educated upto primary, belonged to 4001-6000/- monthly income group, nuclear family system, other backward caste, involved in agriculture occupation, had above 2.1-5 hectare of land holding, no membership of social organization, no participated in training programme and medium level of mass media contact, urban contact and extension contact. The overall knowledge of the rural women was medium. Out of eight aspects of health and nutrition the knowledge about the aspect of ‘Basics of foods and nutrition’ and ‘Environmental hygiene’ were ranked first with overall mean per cent score. On the basis of these findings it could be concluded that health and nutrition knowledge of rural women was medium.

Middle Income Group and Debt Fund

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-43
Author(s):  
Dr. Shakti Kumar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Income Group ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Group

scholarly journals Attributes of childhood Cancer among the patients attending specialized hospitals in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Syeda Musleha Ahmed ◽  
Md Ziaul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukaemia ◽  
Child Death ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Middle Income Group ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background: Childhood cancer is an emerging health problem worldwide. It is the second common cause of child death. Epidemiological and clinical attributes of childhood cancer are not properly documented in Bangladesh. This study was designed to reveal the attributes of childhood cancer among the patients attended specialized hospitals in Dhaka city.Objective: To determine the epidemiological and clinical attributes of childhood cancer.Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 99 under 18 years old children suffering from cancer, who were included considering specific selection criteria. Data were collected by face to face interview using a semi-structured questionnaire with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire and checklist. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software.Results: Of all the children, majority (40.4%) was in age group of 6-10 years and their mean (±SD) age was 7.48 (±3.70) years. Male to female ratio was 1.9:1.6 and majority (48.5%) was in middle income group. Major part (42.4%) of the children was from sub-urban followed by 30.3% rural and 27.2% from urban communities. Major types of childhood cancer comprised acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (37.4%), retinoblastoma (14.1%), neuroblastoma (10.1%), and Wilm’stumour (10.1%). Less common cancers included non-Hodgekin’s lymphoma (7.1%), Hodgekin’s lymphoma (5.1%), osteosercoma (5.1%), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (4.0%), germ cell tumour (3.0%), acute myeloid leukaemia (3.0%) and Ewing’s tumour (1.0%). Majority (35.1%) of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia patients were from urban while most (85.7%) of retinoblastoma patients from sub-urban, 50.0% of neuroblastoma cases from rural, and 40.0% of Wilm’s tumour from sub-urban communities, this geographical variation of childhood cancer was statistically significant [?2(33)=56.46, p=0.01]. In poor and middle income group, most of the children (91.8%) were detected in stage II while among the higher income group, most (88.9%) of the cancer were detected in stage-I and this variation was statistically significant [?2(9)=16.77, p=0.05]. Family history was strongly related with childhood cancer [?2(20)=32.81, p=0.04].Conclusion: Cancer was more prevalent among male children with poor socio-economic condition residing in sub-urban communities. The study recommends specific measures to detect childhood cancer and related risk factors at early stage to prevention and control.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(2) 2015 p.173-178

An Empirical Investigation of the income share of the middle class

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-65
Author(s):  
Francesco Farina ◽  
Chiara Assunta Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Reverse Causality ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Income Share ◽  
Redistributive Policies ◽  
Directional Relation ◽  
Middle Income Group ◽  
Income Dispersion

The scientific evaluation of the relationship between growth, redistribution, and the income share of the middle class is still in its infancy. This article aims to investigate how the drivers of economic growth impinge on market income distribution and how the middle class has a role in deciding the level of redistribution. Our strategy is to dodge the reverse causality problem, stemming from the bi-directional relation between income distribution and growth, by exploiting the peculiar feature of different indicators of income dispersion focused on the middle income group. The findings reveal that market forces and redistributive policies are both pivotal in shaping the evolution of income dispersion and in particular the income share of the middle class, over the growth process. The ability of redistributive policies to counteract the ongoing increase in income inequality seems to depend not only on the political pressure exerted by an impoverishing median voter but also on the expansion of fiscal revenues after sustained Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth.

Inpatients’ experience and the associated factors: A cross-sectional study at Lung hospital, Son La, in 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Huu Thang Nguyen ◽  
◽  
Thi Nguyet Minh Doan ◽  
Thanh Huong Tran ◽  
Hai Thanh Pham
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Middle Income Group

Objectives: Medical facilities with an autonomous tendency always try to serve positive and pleasant experiences to improve the brand name, increase patient satisfaction and loyalty. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 245 inpatients at Lung Hospital in Son La province in 2020. To describe the current situation of the inpatient's experience at Lung Hospital in Son La province by 2020 and its related factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 245 inpatients at Son La Lung Hospital Results: The study showed that the total score of inpatients’ experience ranged from 22 points to 57 points and the mean of it was 39.7 (6.13) points. Subject's experience scores were divided into 2 groups, the satisfied group accounted for 32.7% and the percentage of the unsatisfied group was 67.3%. As compared to men, a higher total score of women was (OR: 1.134; 95% CI: 0.284-0.997). The urban area group’s score was 1,190 times higher than that of those who live in rural and mountainous areas (95% CI: 1,010 - 1,400). The middle-income group had more positive experience than the low-income group (OR: 1.180; 95% CI: 1.010 - 1.370). Conclusions: Our research showed that gender, living area and economic condition affected the total score of inpatients’ experience at the Lung hospital. Keywords: Patient experiences, inpatient treatment, hospital, associated factors

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