Nearly 60 million people in urban areas lack access
to improved sanitation arrangements, and more than two-thirds
of wastewater is let out untreated into the environment, polluting
land and water bodies. Urban sanitation in India faces many
challenges. To respond to these environmental and public
health challenges, urban India will need to address the full cycle
of sanitation, i.e., universal access to toilets, with safe
collection, conveyance and treatment of human excreta. There
has been a significant increase in waste generation because of
rapid population growth and economic development. Thus,
waste management and sanitation became major
environmental and health problem. In rainy season condition
gets worse. This paper outlines these concerns, and highlights
the need for focusing on access to water and the full cycle of
sanitation for the urban poor, as fundamental to addressing the
sanitation challenge. In this paper an attempt has been made
to identify the sanitation related risk factors and its relationship
with associated diseases in Mainpuri city. The study is based
on primary sources of data collected through household
surveys in Mainpuri city. Households belong to different income
groups. The total sample size consists of 1836 households. The
result showed that the sanitation condition and associated
diseases or living standards and health conditions are related
to each other. In this paper typhoid fever, cholera, malaria, etc.
diseases were observed. The lower income group households
are most vulnerable. They suffer most because of their poor
sanitation conditions.