scholarly journals Method for resolving the lexical polysemous search query based on ontology

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (89) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Iuliia I. Butenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Search Engine ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Search Query ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Semantic Component ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject

One of the factors influencing the relevance of search output is the multivalued search query, expressed by lexical means of a natural language. The multivalued lexical unit manifests itself at the stage of a search query. The method of removing the multivalence of lexical units in a search query based on ontologies is proposed. It is grounded that ontologies allow transferring semantic component of data related to a subject area accurately enough. The proposed method for lexical multivariance resolution can be described as follows. A user search query is received at the search engine input. The search engine contacts the ontology library to find the query. If the lexical unit from the search query is multivalued, the search engine will offer the user a list of subject areas in which the lexical unit from the search query was found. Oft the user searches in advance for the result from a particular subject area. When the subject area is defined, the search engine determines the nearest elements in the structure of ontology, and when ranking the search output will be guided by their presence or absence. The use of ontologies also allows adding synonyms and acronyms meaning the same to the search query. The proposed approach will allow solving lexical multiplicity and significantly relieving the search output, leaving only the subject area of interest to the user.

Fraud at the Central Bank of Tanzania (A)

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mussa J. Assad
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Internal Controls ◽  
Institutional Governance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Forensic Accounting ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject

Subject area The subject areas for this case are auditing, fraud and investigations. It is also relevant for teaching aspects of corporate governance. Student level/applicability This case consolidates techniques and methodologies of special investigations and demonstrates weaknesses in governance and internal controls. It is appropriate for final year undergraduate students and graduate students who have attended classes on basics of accounting and financial reporting. Case overview The case is about institutional governance and the effects of ineptness at different levels of an organization that resulted in TAS. 133 billion being “improperly” paid out to 22 firms in the financial year 2005/2006.The case is structured to focus at the dilemma of the Director of Finance as an individual who featured in the latter stages of an extensive fraud where old unclaimable debts were revived and were being claimed and paid to fictitious assignees involving a number of Central Bank officials. However, the case seeks to interrogate issues related to financial records and controls in which the position of Director of Finance had more relevance. Expected learning outcomes Working on this case should result in enabling students to acquire expertise necessary for forensic accounting. It should also enable students to learn to gain an understanding of the practice of investigative and forensic accounting as well as an understanding of the interrelationships of the parties involved in forensic investigations. Supplementary materials Teaching note.

scholarly journals Thematic organization of instructional texts as a linguistic basis for the acquisition of knowledge by an intelligent agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
Liudmila A. Kadzhaya ◽  
◽  
Iuliia M. Kuznetsova ◽  
Vladimir A. Salimovskii ◽  
Margarita I. Suvorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Agent ◽  
Goal Achievement ◽  
Text Structure ◽  
Search Query ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Instructional Texts ◽  
Linguistic Basis

The article examines the thematic organization of instructional texts in the aspect of problems relevant to work on the creation of a cognitive assistant. The purpose of the assistant is to provide a user with the necessary information to follow the rules of a particular scenario to successfully achieve a goal according to the search query. The query containing certain keywords, further specified as the task being solved, is focused on a detailed set of topics which mark the subject areas reflected in the scenario. The authors of the article provide a review of some linguistic works devoted to the issues of theme-rhematic structuring of a produced text and its compression within the limits of keywords. The importance of the description of the text’s thematic chains, to obtain the detailed objective information on its thematic structure, is emphasized. When comparing the list of keywords identified by the automatic system TextApplianсe in a collection of Internet-extracted instructional texts retrieved from the Internet with the results of hand-held analysis of these texts, to determine the place of various nominative units in the text’s thematic organization, the authors consider the most significant characteristics of a keyword shown in different nominative units to varying degrees. This is a high indicator of a text identifier, content capacity, and communicative significance of a word or a substantive phrase as a marker of important information for a recipient. Defining keywords in whole instructional texts and in relatively independent text fragments (subtexts) that describe individual stages of the user’s goal achievement (for example, the stages of selecting a car, its inspection, making a transaction, car registration) makes it possible to improve the quality of scenario identification in the Network. Extracting keywords along with their context allows for the creation of a recommendations’ database for users automatically. The significance of the theme-rhematic text structure analysis, as a sign for its modeling in the sign picture of the world, is revealed.

scholarly journals Linguistic processor integration for solving planimetric problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Interactive Visualization ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Language Description

The research deals with the original algorithms of the linguistic processor integration for solving planimetric problems. The linguistic processor translates the natural language description of the problem into a semantic representation based on the ontology that supports the axiomatics of geometry. The linguistic processor synthesizes natural-language comments to the solution and drawing objects. The method of interactive visualization of the linguistic processor functioning is proposed. The method provides a step-by-step dialog control of syntactic structure construction and its display in semantic representation. During the experiments, several dozens of standard syntactic structures correctly displayed in the semantic structures of the subject area were obtained. The direction of further research related to the development of the proposed approach is outlined.

scholarly journals ON SEMANTIC MODEL OF SUBJECT DOMAIN "MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS EQUATIONS"

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.П. Тучкова
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Physics ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Subject Domain ◽  
Semantic Model ◽  
Search Query ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Анализируются связи понятий математической предметной области на примере раздела уравнений математической физики. Предлагается вариант статьи тезауруса для терминов и связанных с ними уравнений и формул. Особенность такого тезауруса заключается в использовании контекста формул для их дополнительной идентификации в предметной области. Кроме того, предлагается учитывать индексы авторов и статей, где встречаются термины тезауруса.  Предложенный подход способствует уточнению поискового запроса и уменьшению информационного шума при использовании тезауруса в цифровых библиографических коллекциях. The studying is focusing to the relationship of the concepts of the mathematical subject area on the example of the section of mathematical physics equations. A version of the thesaurus article for terms and related equations and formulas is proposed. The peculiarity of such a thesaurus lies in the use of the context of formulas for their additional identification in the subject area. In addition, it is proposed to take into account the indices of authors and articles where thesaurus terms are found. This approach helps to refine the search query and reduce information noise when using the thesaurus in digital bibliographic collections.

scholarly journals Modeling the subject areas of psychological research on pain

2020 ◽  
pp. 579-595
Author(s):  
Alexey I. Chuloshnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Graphical Model ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Objective Basis ◽  
The Individual

The article is devoted to the description and justification of the author’s model representing possible demarcation of subject areas in psychological and non-psychological studies of the phenomenon of pain. In the first part of the paper, the deficiencies of existing approaches to the study and explanation of pain are analyzed, and the need for rethinking the existing biopsychosocial approach is indicated, which can be done based on the understanding of pain as a phenomenon of mental reflection. As prerequisites for solving and concretizing these problems, we briefly analyze the historically established non-psychological areas of the pain study (physiological, algometric, and humanities-based), within which we identify the main issues and statements about the nature of pain (particularly as a phenomenon of the subjective world). These issues are considered in a more specific form on the basis of methodological difficulties in psychological research on pain. The main questions are formulated, including the following: the relation of the objective basis of pain to the subjective experience; determination of the subject area of psychological research into pain; determination of the categorical status of pain and its relation to other phenomena of the psyche, to the categories of «subject», «personality». In the second part of the article, based on the indicated theoretical and empirical assumptions, a graphical model illustrating potential subject areas of psychological and non-psychological research is derived. The model reflects the place of various pain phenomena within a single selection process, and the exclusion of the information necessary to reflect and regulate the interaction of an organism and a destructive agent at the physiological, mental (direct behavioral regulation), and sociopsychological levels (socially-mediated regulation). In accordance with the levels of ‘pain’ regulation and reflection, we formulate the following: hypothetical scope of the pain concept (the narrow and broad definition); subject areas and their specifics; possible determinants that represent their phenomenology; possible hierarchical relationships of pain reflection levels. The paper also provides an outline of a hypothetical mechanism that connects the process of selecting pain experiences (the content of the subjective picture of pain) to the individual personality characteristics of the subject experiencing pain.

scholarly journals Induction of the transformation rules of the natural language problem statement into a semantic model for generating solver

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Vladimir Viktorovich Pekunov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Training Sample ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Semantic Model ◽  
Vector Data ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Inducing Schemes ◽  
First Time

The author considers a problem of automatic synthesis (induction) of the rules for transforming the natural language formulation of the problem into a semantic model of the problem. According to this model a program that solves this problem can be generated. The  problem is considered in relation to the system of generation, recognition and transformation of programs PGEN ++. Based on the analysis of literary sources, a combined approach was chosen to solve this problem, within which the rules for transforming the natural language formulation into a semantic model of the problem are generated automatically, and the specifications of the generating classes and the rules for generating a program from the model are written manually by a specialist in a specific subject area. Within the framework of object-event models, for the first time, a mechanism for the automatic generation of recognizing scripts and related entities (CSV tables, XPath functions) was proposed. Generation is based on the analysis of the training sample, which includes sentences describing objects in the subject area, in combination with instances of such objects. The analysis is performed by searching for unique keywords and characteristic grammatical relationships, followed by the application of simple eliminative-inducing schemes. A mechanism for the automatic generation of rules for replenishing / completing the primary recognized models to full meaning ones is also proposed. Such generation is performed by analyzing the relations between the objects of the training sample, taking into account information from the specifications of the classes of the subject area. The proposed schemes have been tested on the subject area "Simple vector data processing", the successful transformation of natural language statements (both included in the training set and modified) into semantic models with the subsequent generation of programs solving the assigned tasks is shown.

scholarly journals Аlgorithmization of the knowledge base in service of passenger cars

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Pavlenko ◽  
◽  
Volodymyr Manuylov ◽  
Volodymyr Kuzhel ◽  
Vladislav Listgarten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Conceptual Modeling ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject

The article considers the architecture of conceptual modeling of the knowledge base, which creates a model of the subject area in the form of many concepts and relationships between them. This approach is based on the concept of a mobile software agent, which is implemented and functions as an independent specialized computer program or an element of artificial intelligence. Ensuring the use of subject area knowledge has become one of the driving forces of the recent surge in the study of artificial intelligence. For example, for models of many different subject areas it is necessary to formulate the concept of time. This representation includes the concepts of time intervals, time points, relative measures of time, etc. If one group of scientists develops a detailed knowledge base, others can simply reuse it in their subject areas using their own database. Creating explicit assumptions in the subject area, which underlie the implementation, makes it easy to change the assumptions when changing our knowledge of the subject area. The process of conceptualization of TO and P, first of all, involves the development of databases in research areas for the formalization and systematization of knowledge about the characteristics of this area of entities and phenomena. That is, the use of concepts in the field of maintenance in a consistent manner in relation to theories of knowledge. Ultimately, the paper updated mathematical modeling, algorithmization and implementation of intelligent systems in the field of maintenance, which will help automate the process of diagnosis and inspection of all car systems, facilitate fault prevention and improve the maintenance process and modernize the maintenance system itself. The approach of algorithmization of the base of knowledge of a condition of the car in each moment of time considered in work gives the chance to reduce time of stay of the car in the service center and to reduce considerably expenses for passing of MOT at service of cars.

scholarly journals Forestry-Related Educational Needs of Innovative Ohio Sawmill Operators

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Bratkovich ◽  
Donald W. Floyd ◽  
Larry E. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Awareness ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Knowledge Level ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Educational Need

Abstract Thirty-two innovative Ohio sawmill operators were surveyed to assess perceived "job importance" and their "current knowledge" of 67 job-related skills divided into 6 subject areas. The discrepancy or gap between importance and knowledge scores was used to compute perceived educational need scores for the skills, 21 of which are highlighted in this paper. Although the subject area of "sawmill production" was ranked first by sawmill operators in both importance and knowledge, the areas of "environmental awareness" and "forest product marketing" had the highest perceived educational need. Seventy-five percent of the forests-related skills received "high" importance scores; however, with the exception of "maintaining an adequate log supply," forestry-related skills ranked in or near the bottom-half of all skills in perceived educational need. Sawmillers rated their knowledge of forestry-related skills such as "understanding the benefits of TSI" higher than their knowledge level of skills such as "exporting lumber" and "developing new wood products." Recommendations are given for field foresters to assist them in initiating a meaningful dialogue with sawmill operators to help bridge the often-encountered communication gap between sawmiller, forester, and NIPF landowner. North. J. Appl. For. 13(3):135-139.

Trends of puffery in advertising – a bibliometric analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2468-2485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krunal K. Punjani ◽  
V.V. Ravi Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Kadam
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Research Collaborations ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Number Of Publications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to quantitatively assess the essential trends of existing research on “puffery in advertising” through bibliometric analysis. Design/methodology/approach This study uses citation data collected through Scopus and Google Scholar for the research area “puffery in advertising” to investigate the most productive journals, top countries of affiliation and prominent years with maximum citations. The study analyses the 87 articles related to “puffery in advertising,” published during 1840 to 2018. Moreover, this study also presents graphical analysis through network maps. Findings “Puffery in advertising” has remained an under-researched area. However, records of past ten years indicate marginal growth in the number of publications. USA dominates this research area with most numbers of articles published till date. Through clustering of subject areas, it is found that majority of articles have been published under the subject area of “Business, Management and Accounting.” Interestingly, the results of the network maps slightly differ from that of citation table. Practical implications This paper is useful for any reader or researcher who wants to understand the trends of “puffery in advertising” in terms of citation analysis, authors and affiliation countries, and prominent years with maximum citations, which would further enable them to discover emerging research areas, potential research collaborations and publications. Originality/value To the knowledge of the authors, this is the first ever bilbiometric study on “puffery in advertising” providing a bird’s-eye view of the essential trends.

scholarly journals Linguistic Processor Integration for Solving Planimetric Problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sergeyi S. Kurbatov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Syntactic Structure ◽  
Semantic Representation ◽  
Interactive Visualization ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Language Description

The research deals with the original algorithms of the linguistic processor integration for solving planimetric problems. The linguistic processor translates the natural language description of the problem into a semantic representation based on the ontology that supports the axiomatics of geometry. The linguistic processor synthesizes natural-language comments to the solution and drawing objects. The method of interactive visualization of the linguistic processor functioning is proposed. The method provides a step-by-step dialog control of syntactic structure construction and its display in semantic representation. During the experiments, several dozens of standard syntactic structures correctly displayed in the semantic structures of the subject area were obtained. The direction of further research related to the development of the proposed approach is outlined.

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