Abstract
Background- Head and neck vascular anomalies
are a spectrum of lesion ranging from simple
asymptomatic malformations to life-threatening
airway vascular tumors. Management of these
lesion poses a real challenge to even most
experienced otolaryngologists.Systematic
evaluation and prompt diagnosis and judicial
choice of treatment are essential for proper
management of these lesions.
Material and methods-A retrospective review of
the head and neck vascular anomalies over three
years, from 2017 to 2019 in a tertiary referral
centre. Clinical features, radiology, treatment and
follow-up data were studied.We did a literature
review to give a comprehensive analysis
regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the
vascular anomalies of the head and neck region.
Results- A total of 25 patients were managed in
our department in two years. Of these 25 patients,
three patients had infantile haemangioma(12%),
six patient had congenital haemangioma(24%),
six patients had lymphatic malformation(24%),
four patient had an arteriovenous malformation
(16%), and six patient had venous malformation
(24%). Sixpatients (24%) underwent surgery as
treatment, which includes one case of noninvoluting
congenital hemangioma (NICH) of the temporal bone, one facial AVM, twolateral neck
lymphangiomas, one skull base lymphangioma
and a venous neck malformation. All the infantile
h a ema n gi oma s we rema n a g e d w i t h o ra l
propranolol, three lymphatic malformations
underwent sclerotherapy, while the three Arteriovenous
malformations (AVM), ve congenital
haemangiomas and four Venous malformations
(VM) were under observation.
Conclusion-Managing a vascular anomaly
requires a prompt diagnosis based on the ISSVA
classication, patients' symptoms and the
location of the lesion. Not all vascular anomaly
requires active management. Careful case
selection and a multidisciplinary team are
essential for adequate management of the
vascular anomalies.
Key Words: Vascular Malformation, Hemangioma,
Lymphangioma