scholarly journals The influence of sodium nitrite concentration in inhibitor protection of structural elements working in aggressive environmental conditions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacek MENDALA ◽  
Jarosław KOZUBA
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Inhibitor Protection

Effect of Environmental Conditions on Nitrate Removal from Groundwater Using Biodenitrification Supported by Biodegradable Snack Ware

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1349-1352
Author(s):  
Xiang Yu ◽  
Bai Chun Huang ◽  
Li Jun Xing ◽  
Zhi Jun Xu ◽  
Xu Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Biofilm Carrier ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
Range Of Variation

Removal of nitrate from groundwater was investigated using biodegradable snack ware (BSW) as carbon source and biofilm carrier. The experimental results show that low temperatures affect significantly denitrification efficiency using BSW as carbon source. Denitrification rates at 5 0C and 10 0C were 5 % and 13 % of rates observed at 30 0C, respectively. Denitrification supported by BSW could tolerate a relatively wide range of variation of pH and DO in the influent. Nitrite concentration in the effluent had little difference when pH value ranged from 4.5 to 8.5 in the influent. When DO concentration was between 0.9 and 5.0 mg/L, NO2-N concentration in the treated water never exceeded 0.15mg/L.

PROBLEMS IN RECONSTRUCTION OF PILE-RAFT FOUNDATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Todorov
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Geological Formation ◽  
Complex Decision ◽  
Properties Of Materials

In practice, in many cases using combination of piles and large-slabs could be observed technological and structural defects before the start of their operation. These defects are dictated by the complex interaction between piles system and thin raft slabs. In order to establish the causes of defects can be imposed a wide range of studies covering research on the ground, the reinforced concrete structural elements and materials (piles and raft), the technology performance and others. In this study in order to identify the causes of defects are used a series of research methods for determining the properties of materials, environmental conditions and computational models to describe the interaction between ground and upper structure. With this set of methods are established causes and selected measures for appropriate reconstruction. The scope of these measures consists in the use of a combination of hardening by injection of the ground under the contact base of raft. With grouting the aims are to improve the skin friction and end bearing resistance of the piles. In the complex decision are sought the approaches to keep the completed structures-piles and raft. The focus of this work is to improve the interaction of the pile-raft system and ground base at the expense of reducing the load on piles. In this case, the geological formation, represented by Paleogene sediments with alternating layers of hard clay and clay sandstones largely supports the realization of the design measures.

scholarly journals Regional features of the formation of sustainable tourist buildings of the Russian-Kazakhstan border

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 11033
Author(s):  
Svetlana Ilvitskaya ◽  
Olga Bantserova ◽  
Adema Kasimova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Landscape Characteristics ◽  
Regional Features ◽  
Cultural Tourist

The purpose of this research is to study climatic and landscape characteristics of the Russian-Kazakh border region on the example of the Astrakhan region, affecting the formation of sustainable "green" buildings of ethno-cultural tourist clusters. In the course of the study, it was concluded that in order to reduce the influence of severe climatic factors of the region, to create comfortable environmental conditions and the microclimate of the premises, it is necessary to use landscaping of horizontal and vertical structural elements of the cluster building complex. The work carefully examined various types of vertical and horizontal landscaping (extensive and intensive). Based on the analysis of scientific research and expeditions to the region, the condition of existing green spaces in Astrakhan was carefully studied. Thus, as a result of the study, certain types of plants were identified and recommended for the technology of horizontal gardening of ethno-cultural tourist clusters in the Astrakhan region.

Inhibition of Clostridium botulinum Types A and E Toxin Formation by Sodium Nitrite and Sodium Chloride in Hot-Process (Smoked) Salmon

1982 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 833-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. PELROY ◽  
M. W. EKLUND ◽  
R. N. PARANJPYE ◽  
E. M. SUZUKI ◽  
M. E. PETERSON
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Clostridium Botulinum ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Type A ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Nitrite Concentration ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Smoked Salmon ◽  
Residual Nitrite ◽  
Toxin Formation

Sodium nitrite and NaCl were evaluated as inhibitors of outgrowth and toxin production by Clostridium botulinum types A and E in abuse-stored (25°C) hot-process salmon. Salmon steaks were brined in NaCl or NaCl plus NaNO2 and inoculated intramuscularly with spores. Steaks were then heated in a simulated hot-smoke process to internal temperatures of 62.8 to 76.7°C (145 to 170°F) for the final 30 min of a 3- to 4-h process, packaged in oxygen-impermeable film and stored at 25°C. During 7 days of storage, toxin production in steaks inoculated with 102 spores per g was inhibited by more than 3.8% water-phase NaCl for type E and 6.1% for type A. Presence of nitrite substantially reduced the salt level required to prevent toxin production. When steaks had more than 100 ppm NaNO2, only 2.5% NaCl inhibited type E toxin production; 150 ppm NaNO2 and 3.5% NaCl inhibited production of type A toxin. When storage time was lengthened to 14 days or the spore inoculum increased to 104 spores per g, more salt and nitrite were required for inhibition. Residual nitrite in samples stored under refrigeration (3.3°C) did not change during 22 days of storage. Under abuse temperature (25°C), residual nitrite decreased to less than 6 ppm by the 14th day in all samples tested regardless of the original nitrite concentration.

scholarly journals Transparent façades – selection of construction materials with the use of modified multi-criteria spider’s network analysis method

2018 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Oliwier Zapała ◽  
Damian Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Method ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Network Analysis ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Rolled Steel ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Safety Glass ◽  
Selection Of

the main and most impressive elevations of the building. It also focuses on some issues related to high requirements placed on façade systems in terms of insulation from environmental conditions and comfort of the future users of the building. Due to the fact that there are many materials that can be used for the main structural elements (columns, spandrel beams and ribs) of load-bearing façade structures, the authors of the article attempted to do a multi-criteria comparative analysis of three different materials (safety glass, glulam and rolled steel) of a 6-meter-long reference column. The set of criteria, consisting of twelve elements, was adopted for comparative analysis. A combination of two methods was selected for performing the multi-criteria analysis: a geometric method of spider’s network and a mathematical method of the adjusted index of summation.

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