scholarly journals A new reinforced MAC protocol for lifetime prolongation of reliable Wireless Body Area Network

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Boufedah Badissi Azzouz ◽  
Babouri Abdesselam ◽  
Benmohamed Mohamed ◽  
Abouchi Nacer
Keyword(s):  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Media Access Control ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area

Recent development of sensors and sensor networks has allowed the creation of new emerging systems which is used as promising solutions in several types of applications. Among which, wireless body area networks (WBANs) is an example that enable continuous monitoring of patients vital signs parameters in everyday life situations. Reliability and energy optimization are considered amongst the important and challenging issues in WBANs. The standard IEEE 802.15.4 is of paramount importance MAC (Media Access Control) protocol for medical sensor body area networks, owing to its low-power, low data rate and low-cost features. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement optimized MAC protocol based on IEEE 802.15.4 dubbed RMAC. The proposed protocol aims to enhance the reliability and to extend the network life time, by reducing energy consumption. NS2 simulator is used for the implementation of the protocol and for the performance evaluation in comparison with the Standard IEEE 802.15.4. The simulation results show that our protocol outperforms the Standard in terms of reliability and network lifetime.

scholarly journals Prioritized data based Energy Efficient MAC protocol in Wireless Body Area Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 64-69
Keyword(s):  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Packet Delay ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Super Frame ◽  
Packet Drop

Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is an exclusively designed Wireless Sensor Networks that used in today’s health-care system. The central challenge in WBAN is to transfer the medical data with limited energy and with high reliability. The IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Protocol is a standard model used to consume less energy by providing low data rate. This paper aimed to present a novel protocol PD-MAC, an enhanced version of IEEE 802.15.4 to achieve the above goal. The main objective of this protocol is to transmit the packets according to their priorities. It also improves the retransmission and packet drop process by introducing an additional slot to define Starvation Index in the super-frame of IEEE 802.15.4. A node has to start its transmission when the timer is set to zero. A node has to sense the channel status before transmission begins. The data are transmitted according to their priorities only when it senses the free channel. However if the channel is not free then retransmission of packet will be carried out and in each retransmission process the starvation index increments the priority of the packet. When the packet priority raises to high then it transmits the packet by considering it as high emergency packet. For energy efficiency a max limit is define to retransmit a data packet. This protocol has been simulated using Castalia 3.2 environment and the result validate that our proposed protocol provides better service in terms of least Packet Delay and lowest Energy Consumption to its counterparts.

scholarly journals MAC Protocol in Wireless Body Area Network for Mobile Health: A Survey and an Architecture Design

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Qi ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
AnPeng Huang ◽  
Haifeng Hu ◽  
Guangjie Han
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Medium Access

Wireless body area networks (WBANs) have become a leading solution in mobile health (mHealth). Typically, a WBAN consists of in-body or around-body sensor nodes for collecting data of physiological feature. For a WBAN to provide high throughput and low delay in an energy-efficient way, designing an efficient medium access control (MAC) protocol is of paramount importance because the MAC layer coordinates nodes’ access to the shared wireless medium. To show the difference of MAC protocols between Energy-Harvesting wireless body area networks (EH-WBANs) and battery powered WBANs (BT-WBANs), this paper surveys the latest progresses in energy harvesting techniques and WBAN MAC protocol designs. Furthermore, a novel energy utility architecture is designed to enable sensor node lifetime operation in an EH-WBAN.

scholarly journals Patient Data Prioritization in the Cross-Layer Designs of Wireless Body Area Network

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasee Ullah ◽  
Abdul Hanan Abdullah ◽  
Muhammad Qasim Jan ◽  
Kashif Naseer Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
Cross Layer ◽  
Cross Layer Design ◽  
Ieee 802.15.6 ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area

In Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN), various biomedical sensors (BMSs) are deployed to monitor various vital signs of a patient for detecting the abnormality of the vital signs. These BMSs inform the medical staff in advance before the patient’s life goes into a threatening situation. In WBAN, routing layer has the same challenges as generally seen in WSN, but the unique requirements of WBANs need to be addressed by the novel routing mechanisms quite differently from the routing mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The slots allocation to emergency and nonemergency patient’s data is one of the challenging issues in IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.15.6 MAC Superframe structures. In the similar way, IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.15.6 PHY layers have also unique constraints to modulate the various vital signs of patient data into continuous and discrete forms. Numerous research contributions have been made for addressing these issues of the aforementioned three layers in WBAN. Therefore, this paper presents a cross-layer design structure of WBAN with various issues and challenges. Moreover, it also presents a detail review of the existing cross-layer protocols in the WBAN domain by discussing their strengths and weaknesses.

scholarly journals Decentralization of Services Through Three Tiers in Wireless Body Area Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Said Lakhal ◽  
Zouhair Guennoun
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Local Hospital ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Simulation Results

The Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) contains a set of sensors, placed in the patient’s environment, to detect the vital signs and transmit the results towards the relevant services that interact in urgent cases. The present work exposes a functional WBAN architecture formed by three layers: closest, intermediate and farthest. The closest layer senses the chemical and biological signs. If the case is normal, or it can be locally regulated, the service stops there; else the intermediate service, namely the local hospital, is consulted to make treatments. Therefore, the patient will be transported into the hospital for examinations. If this condition is established the processus stopped there, otherwise, the request of help from an outside hospital becomes necessary. This request passes through a manager that supervises a network of hospitals and looks for a free place to welcome the patient. After the localization of a hospital, its coordinates will be forwarded into the customer hospital, for transporting the patient. The simulation results show that this design increases the patient’s probability of healing and maximizes the use of the available resources, relative to the centralization of services at a single layer or at two layers.

scholarly journals Efficient energy for one node and multi-nodes of wireless body area network

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 914
Author(s):  
Sondous Sulaiman Wali ◽  
Mohammed Najm Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Efficient Energy ◽  
Compression Sensing

<span>Compression sensing approaches have been used extensively with the idea of overcoming the limitations of traditional sampling theory and applying the concept of pressure during the sensing procedure. Great efforts have been made to develop methods that would allow data to be sampled in compressed form using a much smaller number of samples. Wireless body area networks (WBANs) have been developed by researchers through the creation of the network and the use of miniature equipment. Small structural factors, low power consumption, scalable data rates from kilobits per second to megabits per second, low cost, simple hardware deployment, and low processing power are needed to hold the wireless sensor through lightweight, implantable, and sharing communication tools wireless body area network. Thus, the proposed system provides a brief idea of the use of WBAN using IEEE 802.15.4 with compression sensing technologies. To build a health system that helps people maintain their health without going to the hospital and get more efficient energy through compression sensing, more efficient energy is obtained and thus helps the sensor battery last longer, and finally, the proposed health system will be more efficient energy, less energy-consuming, less expensive and more throughput.</span>

scholarly journals Dynamic superframe adaptation using group-based media access control for handling traffic heterogeneity in wireless body area networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 155014772094914
Author(s):  
Yousaf Zia ◽  
Fasial Bashir ◽  
Kashif Naseer Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Access Control ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Media Access Control ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Time Duration

Wireless body area network is a promising technology that brings healthcare to a new level of personalization. The applications of wireless body area network are not limited to healthcare monitoring applications but vastly used in entertainment applications. The applications are emerging at a fast pace and attract the attention of researchers. IEEE 802.15.6 provides a communication standard which specifies the physical layer and media access control layer operations for wireless body area networks. A fixed superframe structure is used for handling of heterogeneous traffics of wireless body area networks through pre-defined user priorities. This leads to inefficient use of superframe time duration because of fixed time phases for different types of data traffic. In this article, a novel group-based classification of traffic is introduced to avoid contention and inefficient use of superframe duration. A group-based media access control is developed to adjust the superframe duration according to high priority traffic whereas the rest of the traffic is controlled using node-based buffering. The experimental results showed that the proposed media access control outperformed adaptive beaconing medium access control and priority media access control, in terms of stability period, delay, throughput, transmission loss, and residual energy.

THE ROLE OF CROSS-LAYERED DESIGNS IN WIRELESS BODY AREA NETWORK

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (4-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fasee Ullah ◽  
Abdul Hanan Abdullah ◽  
Muhammad Zubair ◽  
Waqar Rauf ◽  
Junaid Junaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Ieee 802.15.4 ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Ieee 802.15.6 ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Phy Layer

With recent advancement, Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) plays an important role to detect various diseases of a patient in advance and informs the medical team about the life threatening situation. WBAN comprises of small intelligent Biomedical sensors which are implanted inside patient body and attached on the surface of a patient to monitor different vital signs, namely; respiratory rate, ECG, EMG, temperature, blood pressure, glucose. The routing layer of WBAN has the same challenging problems as similarly faced in WSN but the unique challenge is the temperature-rise during monitoring of vital signs and data transmission. IEEE 802.15.6 MAC Superframe of WBAN is different from IEEE 802.15.4 MAC of WSN and provides channels to emergency and non-emergency data for transmission. As similarly seen in WSN, PHY layer of IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.15.6 provide various modulation techniques for data transmission. The purpose of this study is to familiar with routing layer, MAC layer and PHY layer in the cross-layer design of WBAN.

scholarly journals A Review of Energy Efficiency in Wireless Body Area/Sensor Networks, With Emphasis on MAC Protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ogheneochuko Ubrurhe ◽  
Nigel Houlden ◽  
Peter S. Excell
Keyword(s):  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
The Body ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Body Area Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Medium

The increasing use of wireless communication and the continuous miniaturisation of electronics devices have brought about the concept of Wireless Body Area Network (WBANs). In these types of networks, the sensor node operates in close proximity to the body and also the wireless nature of the system presents various novel, real-time and new methods to improve health care delivery. The sensor is capable of measuring any parameter which it has been designed to read, for example the heartrate and the body temperature. This paper presents a review of the concept of WBANs with a focus on the mechanism of data communication over the wireless medium. Further, it examines ways to power such devices, in particular focusing on minimisation of energy requirements, thereby reducing maintenance demands and contributing to making the environment ‘greener’.

Internet of Things Based Stable Increased-throughput Multi-hop Protocol for Link Efficiency (IoT-SIMPLE) for health monitoring in Wireless Body Area Networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar Rana ◽  
Sharad Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Wireless Body Area Network ◽  
Body Area Networks ◽  
Wireless Body Area Networks ◽  
Body Area Network ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Body Area ◽  
Link Efficiency ◽  
Parent Node

Aims: Health monitoring in Wireless Body Area Networks. Background: A medical wireless body area network activated by IoT is mainly concerned with transmitting the quality details to the doctor within a fair period. The explosion of wearable gadgets and recent developments in miniature sensors illustrate the technological viability of any universal tracking program. IoT incorporates a range of tools fitted with sensing, recognition, communication, etc. Objective: To improve the medical facility. Method: The Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) Internet of Things (IoT) for healthcare applications is an operational scenario for IoT systems that has attracted interest from large fields of study in the last few years. Internet of Things Based Stable Increased-throughput Multi-hop Protocol for Link Efficiency (IoT-SIMPLE), the IoT ties both topics to the healthcare network effortlessly. IoT enables the sensing, retrieval, and connectivity of all facilities or functional criteria and biomedicine. It puts the surgeons, the patients together And nurses can roam without any restrictions through smart devices, and each entity. Now work is underway to improve the healthcare sector by rising prices and increasing patient care quality. The route determines the route between the nodes and the sink. In this paper, we propose a protocol in WBAN that transmits body sensing data from various sensors, installed on the human body, to sink nodes using a multihop routing technique. Our key goal is to increase WBAN’s total network existence by raising cumulative energy usage. The residual energy parameter governs the usage of energy by the sensor nodes while the distance parameter ensures that the packet is effectively transmitted into the sink Result: Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed protocol very energy efficient and maximizes network stability for longer periods. Conclusion: Throughout this paper, we suggest a method for route data to WBANs. The suggested system uses the expense feature to choose the correct path to fall. The costs of the nodes and their spread from the drain are dependent on residual electricity. Nodes with a lower cost function value are selected as the parent node. Other nodes are parent node children and send their data to parent node. Our simulation tests demonstrate that the suggested routing scheme increases the network reliability period and the packet sent to the sink and in future more numbers of sensors can be used to extend this work to measure throughput, network lifetime, and end-to-end delay.

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