scholarly journals Basic Experiment on the Heat Release Property of a Tsunami Fire Fueled by Debris and Fuel Oil Spilled on the Sea Surface Following Tsunami

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 758-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nishino ◽  
Hidekazu Suzuki ◽  
T. Tsuchihashi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Basic Experiment ◽  
Release Property

THE KATINA OIL SPILL 1982, COMBATING OPERATION AT SEA

1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (1) ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
W. Koops ◽  
F. J. Sanders ◽  
J. M. Gubbens
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Dutch Coast

ABSTRACT At about 15 km north-northwest of the Hook of Holland, the Greek tanker M.S. Katina collided with the French ore carrier Pengall on the afternoon of Monday, June 7, 1982. The collision caused a gash below the waterline in the No. 4 port cargo tank of the Katina which was loaded with 6,300 m3 heavy fuel oil. It was estimated during the first reconnaissance flight at eight o'clock in the evening, that between 1,000 and 2,000 m3 of oil must have been released from the Katina. Later, when the oil had been cleared up, it appeared that the total amount of leaked oil had been 1,630 m3. The dredger oil combat vessels Cosmos and Hein were in full action beginning at noon Tuesday, June 8, sweeping the oil from the sea surface. The Cosmos and the Hein swept up 800 m3 and 300 m3 of oil respectively (i.e., weathered oil with 30–50 percent seawater included). Especially on Tuesday a fairly large amount of oil was recovered by the Cosmos and the Hein. After that, it became more and more difficult to combat the oil, which became more and more scattered. As the viscosity of the oil became increasingly higher due to evaporation of the more volatile components, pumping became increasingly difficult and the capacity of the sweeping system decreased accordingly. After the Cosmos was dismissed, the Hein and the Smal Agt continued to combat the scattered oil slicks. In total, approximately 1,440 m3 were eventually removed from the sea surface, of which approximately 790 m3 was pure water-free oil. No further oil of significance was observed on Saturday June 12 and the opinion was that the combat activities had been effective at sea and the coast had been protected from extensive oil pollution. However, that Sunday oil washed up on the Dutch coast. The submerged oil, due to its higher specific gravity, floats invisibly under the water surface and was driven toward the coast by strong on-shore winds and currents.

scholarly journals High Space Heat Release and Low Excess Air Combustion of Heavy Fuel Oil Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation Method

1969 ◽  
Vol 12 (51) ◽  
pp. 530-538
Author(s):  
Mutsuo KOIZUMI ◽  
Hirokazu MIZUTANI ◽  
Yoshihiko TAKAMURA ◽  
Katsuya NAGATA
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
High Space ◽  
Gas Recirculation

scholarly journals High-Space-Heat-Release and Low-Excess-Air Combustion of Heavy Fuel Oil Using Exhaust-Gas-Recirculation Method

1968 ◽  
Vol 34 (265) ◽  
pp. 1575-1582
Author(s):  
Mutsuo KOIZUMI ◽  
Hirokazu MIZUTANI ◽  
Yoshihiko TAKAMURA ◽  
Katsuya NAGATA
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Heavy Fuel Oil ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
High Space ◽  
Gas Recirculation

scholarly journals Real-Time Measurement on the Heat Release Property of Titanium Blended with Different Carbon Allotropes, under Externally Constant Heat Flux

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 981
Author(s):  
Yachao Wang ◽  
Jiangping Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Constant Heat Flux ◽  
Fire Growth ◽  
Constant Heat ◽  
Carbon Allotropes ◽  
Blended Powder ◽  
Release Property

Ti/C blended powder is commonly employed as an initiating combustion agent for preparing calcium aluminate; a dedicated test system is exploited for real-time examining of the heat release of Ti/C blended powder during combustion under atmosphere conditions with an externally constant heat flux of 973 K, which is comprised of cone calorimeter, thermal-gravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope/energy dispersive spectrometer, and a theoretical thermal calculation, with the aim of quantitatively illuminating its combustion mechanism in depth. Furthermore, a comparison of the heat release property of titanium powder blended with different carbon allotropes, including natural flaky graphite (FG), carbon black (CB), expandable graphite (EG), and vermicular graphite (VG) is preliminarily investigated, to clarify the effect of different carbon allotropes on the heat release property of Ti/C blended powder. It reveals that the oxidation reaction between Ti and O2 initiates the subsequent combination of TiC through a thermal explosion reaction, using graphite (FG, VG, or EG) and Ti powder as the starting materials, respectively. Moreover, EG facilitates an accelerated (fire growth index of 0.42 kW·m−2·s−1) and enhanced peak heat release rate (pHRR) of 30.7 kW·m−2 at 73 s, while VG suppresses the heat release with the pHRR of 5.2 kW·m−2 at 64 s and fire growth index of 0.08 kW·m−2·s−1, and FG favors the formation of TiC with a higher crystallinity from XRD. Additively, the prior NaOH-impregnation is favorable for the formation of TiC for Ti/CB blended powder, although the TiO2 predominates final combustion production. It reveals the chemical evolution and mechanisms evolved in the formation of TiC during ignition.

Hydrolysis of Hydrazine-crosslinked PAN Particles and Their Moisture-absorbing Heat Release Property

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae-Hyuk Yang ◽  
Heung-Su Park ◽  
Young-Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Release Property ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Catalyst Microstructure as Determined by A Scanning Ion Microprobe

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-303
Author(s):  
J.K. Lampert ◽  
G.S. Koermer ◽  
J.M. Macaoy ◽  
J.M. Chabala ◽  
R. Levi-Setti
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Ion Microprobe ◽  
Fluidized Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Ion Probe ◽  
Silica Alumina ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
The University ◽  
High Spatial Resolution Imaging

We have used high spatial resolution imaging secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) to differentiate mineralogical phases and to investigate chemical segregations in fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst particles. The oil industry relies on heterogeneous catalysis using these catalysts to convert heavy hydrocarbon fractions into high quality gasoline and fuel oil components. Catalyst performance is strongly influenced by catalyst microstructure and composition, with different chemical reactions occurring at specific types of sites within the particle. The zeolitic portions of the particle, where the majority of the oil conversion occurs, can be clearly distinguished from the surrounding silica-alumina matrix in analytical SIMS images.The University of Chicago scanning ion microprobe (SIM) employed in this study has been described previously. For these analyses, the instrument was operated with a 40 keV, 10 pA Ga+ primary ion probe focused to a 30 nm FWHM spot. Elemental SIMS maps were obtained from 10×10 μm2 areas in times not exceeding 524s.

INFLAMMATION, CHEMOKINE EXPRESSION, AND DEATH IN MONOCROTALINE-TREATED RATS FOLLOWING FUEL OIL FLY ASH INHALATION

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl R. Killingsworth ◽  
Francesca Alessandrini ◽  
G. G. Krishna Murthy ◽  
Paul J. Catalano ◽  
Joseph D. Paulauskis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Chemokine Expression ◽  
Oil Fly Ash
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