scholarly journals How are Children Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Developing Country Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 862-863
Author(s):  
Kadiann Hewitt-Thompson ◽  
Donnette Wright
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
The Impact

This paper sought to discuss how children in developing countries are coping with the social, emotional and financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their daily lives. Additionally, the evidence presented will increase awareness that children also experience varying impact of COVID-19 and provide guidance about coping mechanisms that may change the course of the impact and limit long term effects of the pandemic on them. It also explored the psychosocial influence of social determinants of children living in a developing country, the impact on their academic continuity and the role of parents in supporting children. Finally, the paper proposes pragmatic recommendations for achieving optimal social outcomes for children who experience pandemics.

The impact of a TV report in schizophrenia stigma reduction: A quasi-experimental study

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaly de Oliveira Bosoni ◽  
Geraldo Busatto Filho ◽  
Daniel Martins de Barros
Keyword(s):  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Stigma Reduction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Background: Stigma is a major problem in schizophrenia, and the most effective way to reduce it is to provide information. But literature lacks studies evaluating long-term efficacy of mass communication. Aims: This is a pilot study to assess if a brief intervention (TV report) may have long-term effects. Method: Assessing stigma scores from subjects before and after seeing a vignette. Results: We found that the social distance and restriction to patients not only fell after a brief intervention but also kept lower after 1 and 3 months. Conclusion: We conclude that even brief intervention may create persistent impact in reducing discrimination.

scholarly journals The Role of NGOs in Political Elections in South Korea: The Case of the Citizens' Alliance for the 2000 General Election

Asian Survey ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eui Hang Shin
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
General Election ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Civic Organizations ◽  
The Impact

The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the role of civic organizations in political processes in South Korea. More specifically, this article examines the impact of the blacklisting of candidates by the Citizens' Alliance for the 2000 General Election (CAGE) on the outcomes of the National Assembly election of April 13, 2000. I discuss the relationship between the characteristics of political systems and political culture and the emergence of civic organizations. I analyze the effects of CAGE's blacklisting of politicians on the nomination processes of candidates by major political parties. I also discuss the long-term effects of CAGE on the political system.

scholarly journals Social influence in adolescence as a double-edged sword

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Molleman ◽  
Simon Kai Ciranka ◽  
Wouter van den Bos
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Social learning is fundamental to human development, helping individuals adapt to new conditions and cooperate in groups. During the formative years of adolescence, the social environment shapes people’s socio-cognitive skills needed in adulthood. Yet, peer influence during this pivotal developmental stage is generally associated with risky and unruly conduct, with eminent negative long-term effects on adolescents’ educational, economic and health outcomes. Here we show, in contrast to this traditional view, that the impact of peers on adolescents’ behaviour can also be markedly positive. Exposure to disobedient peers provoked rule breaking, and selfish peers reduced prosocial behaviour, particularly in early adolescence. However, compliant peers also promoted rule-following and fair peers increased prosociality. A belief formation task further revealed that early adolescents tend to assimilate social information, while older adolescents prioritise personal views. Our results suggest that these developmental patterns reflect a decline in an underlying domain-general factor of social sensitivity during adolescence, and highlight early adolescence as a key window for peer-based interventions to improve developmental trajectories.

scholarly journals Rapid modernization of the national school: the COVID-19 pandemic as a challenge to the secondary education system

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Olga N. Machekhina
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pandemic Threat ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the global school system to face an unusual set of circumstances. As the pandemic threat grew, schools around the world were closed throughout March 2020 to prevent the virus from spreading. Although school closures have been announced as a temporary measure, prolonged closures could cause significant disruption to the education ecosystem, affecting an estimated 1.5 billion students in 165 countries. It is now clear that this situation will have a lasting impact on the social, emotional and mental health of children and adolescents, as well as on overall learning outcomes, which may widen the gap between children from well-off and disadvantaged families. The use of alternative channels for delivering learning information to which not everyone still has access will further widen the gap. The pandemic has forced the education system to focus on developing health and safety requirements and conditions, in the new environment, rapid and flexible responses and solutions to minimize the impact on learning in the short and long term. All of this responds to the challenges of the pandemic, which we will explore in more detail in the text below.

Of shame and humiliation in Ladri di biciclette: 'Ciccio formaggio' and 'Tammurriata nera'

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-254
Author(s):  
Joseph Francese
Keyword(s):  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Self Image ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cycle Of Poverty

Abstract In what follows I analyse how two Neapolitan songs enhance viewer perspective of the personalities of the protagonists of the classic film of Italian neorealism, Ladri di biciclette (Bicycle Thieves) by De Sica (1948), Antonio Ricci and his son Bruno. The first, 'Ciccio formaggio', casts into relief Antonio's masculine self-image, particularly his reaction to the impact of unemployment on his traditional role of pater familias and to the possibility of public humiliation, should he fail to retrieve his bicycle. While 'Ciccio' sheds light on the tension in the marital relationship, 'Tammurriata' allows the viewer to consider Bruno's marginalization within a self-perpetuating cycle of poverty, thus shifting focus, at least partially, from the father to the long-term effects on the son (for which Antonio feels shame born of inadequacy).

Targeting environmental infrastructures, international law, and civilians in the new Middle Eastern wars

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 410-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie L Sowers ◽  
Erika Weinthal ◽  
Neda Zawahri
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Human Welfare ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prevalent Form ◽  
Environmental Infrastructure

Research in conflict studies and environmental security has largely focused on the mechanisms through which the environment and natural resources foster conflict or contribute to peacebuilding. An understudied area of research, however, concerns the ways in which warfare has targeted civilian infrastructure with long-term effects on human welfare and ecosystems. This article seeks to fill this gap. We focus on better understanding the conflict destruction of water, sanitation, waste, and energy infrastructures, which we term environmental infrastructures, by drawing on an author-compiled database of the post-2011 wars in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). While research across the social sciences has examined the targeting of civilians and environmental destruction during wars, including the issue of urbicide, we expand the study of targeting environmental infrastructure to (1) examine the role of different types of actors (international vs. subnational), (2) document the type of infrastructure targeted, form of attack, and impacts, and (3) situate increased targeting of environmental infrastructure in the changing context of war-making in the MENA. Comparatively analyzing the conflict zones of Libya, Syria, and Yemen, we show that targeting environmental infrastructure is an increasingly prevalent form of war-making in the MENA, with long-term implications for rebuilding states, sustaining livelihoods, and resolving conflicts.

The Psychology of Speculation in the Financial Markets

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ricciardi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Financial Markets ◽  
Behavioral Finance ◽  
Group Behavior ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Status Quo Bias ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Impact

This chapter discusses the role of speculation in the financial markets that influences individual and group behavior in the form of bubbles and crashes. The chapter highlights behavioral finance issues associated with bubbles, such as overconfidence, herding, group polarization, groupthink effect, representativeness bias, familiarity issues, grandiosity, excitement, and the overreaction and underreaction to prices. These issues are important for understanding past financial mistakes because history often repeat itself. The chapter also examines the aftermath of the financial crisis of 2007–2008 on investor psychology, including the impact of a severe financial downturn, anchoring effect, recency bias, worry, loss averse behavior, status quo bias, and trust. The aftermath of the financial crisis might have negative long-term effects on investor psychology in which some investors remain overly risk averse, resulting in under-investment in stocks and over-investment in cash and bonds.

Optimism or pessimism for the victim of child abuse?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
J. Michael Cupoli ◽  
Eli H. Newberger
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Class Membership ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

The Contribution Of Elmer To Our Knowledge Of Child Abuse1 Brings Into Focus The Limited State Of Our Understanding Of The Long-Term Effects Of The Problem. We Know Too Little About The Impact Of Abuse On Children, And The Findings Of The Study Suggest That We Must Attend To The Social And Familial Circumstances Which Equally Affected The Outcomes Of Cases And Controls. The Study Concludes "That The Effects On Child Development Of Lower-Class Membership May Be As Powerful As Abuse." Other Reports Of The Developmental Sequelae Of Child Abuse Have Emphasized A Range Of Physical, Emotional, Social, And Cognitive Pathology.2-7

scholarly journals The COVID Decade: understanding the long-term societal impacts of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Societal Impacts ◽  
Time Courses ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The British Academy was asked by the Government Office for Science to produce an independent review on the long-term societal impacts of COVID-19. This report outlines the evidence across a range of areas, building upon a series of expert reviews, engagement, synthesis and analysis across the research community in the Social Sciences, Humanities and the Arts (SHAPE). It is accompanied by a separate report, Shaping the COVID decade, which considers how policymakers might respond. History shows that pandemics and other crises can be catalysts to rebuild society in new ways, but that this requires vision and interconnectivity between policymakers at local, regional and national levels. With the advent of vaccines and the imminent ending of lockdowns, we might think that the impact of COVID-19 is coming to an end. This would be wrong. We are in a COVID decade: the social, economic and cultural effects of the pandemic will cast a long shadow into the future – perhaps longer than a decade – and the sooner we begin to understand, the better placed we will be to address them. There are of course many impacts which flowed from lockdowns, including not being able to see family and friends, travel or take part in leisure activities. These should ease quickly as lockdown comes to an end. But there are a set of deeper impacts on health and wellbeing, communities and cohesion, and skills, employment and the economy which will have profound effects upon the UK for many years to come. In sum, the pandemic has exacerbated existing inequalities and differences and created new ones, as well as exposing critical societal needs and strengths. These can emerge differently across places, and along different time courses, for individuals, communities, regions, nations and the UK as a whole. We organised the evidence into three areas of societal effect. As we gathered evidence in these three areas, we continually assessed it according to five cross-cutting themes – governance, inequalities, cohesion, trust and sustainability – which the reader will find reflected across the chapters. Throughout the process of collating and assessing the evidence, the dimensions of place (physical and social context, locality), scale (individual, community, regional, national) and time (past, present, future; short, medium and longer term) played a significant role in assessing the nature of the societal impacts and how they might play out, altering their long-term effects.

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