scholarly journals The COVID Decade: understanding the long-term societal impacts of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Societal Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Societal Impacts ◽  
Time Courses ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The British Academy was asked by the Government Office for Science to produce an independent review on the long-term societal impacts of COVID-19. This report outlines the evidence across a range of areas, building upon a series of expert reviews, engagement, synthesis and analysis across the research community in the Social Sciences, Humanities and the Arts (SHAPE). It is accompanied by a separate report, Shaping the COVID decade, which considers how policymakers might respond. History shows that pandemics and other crises can be catalysts to rebuild society in new ways, but that this requires vision and interconnectivity between policymakers at local, regional and national levels. With the advent of vaccines and the imminent ending of lockdowns, we might think that the impact of COVID-19 is coming to an end. This would be wrong. We are in a COVID decade: the social, economic and cultural effects of the pandemic will cast a long shadow into the future – perhaps longer than a decade – and the sooner we begin to understand, the better placed we will be to address them. There are of course many impacts which flowed from lockdowns, including not being able to see family and friends, travel or take part in leisure activities. These should ease quickly as lockdown comes to an end. But there are a set of deeper impacts on health and wellbeing, communities and cohesion, and skills, employment and the economy which will have profound effects upon the UK for many years to come. In sum, the pandemic has exacerbated existing inequalities and differences and created new ones, as well as exposing critical societal needs and strengths. These can emerge differently across places, and along different time courses, for individuals, communities, regions, nations and the UK as a whole. We organised the evidence into three areas of societal effect. As we gathered evidence in these three areas, we continually assessed it according to five cross-cutting themes – governance, inequalities, cohesion, trust and sustainability – which the reader will find reflected across the chapters. Throughout the process of collating and assessing the evidence, the dimensions of place (physical and social context, locality), scale (individual, community, regional, national) and time (past, present, future; short, medium and longer term) played a significant role in assessing the nature of the societal impacts and how they might play out, altering their long-term effects.

Accounting for gaming in the time of plague: COVID-19 in Macau

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Noronha ◽  
Jieqi Guan ◽  
Sandy Hou In Sio
Keyword(s):  
Critical Event ◽  
Gaming Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Account ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose While the COVID-19 virus has been spreading worldwide, some studies have related the pandemic with various aspects of accounting and therefore emphasized the importance of accounting research in understanding the impact of COVID-19 on society as a whole. Recent studies have looked into such an impact on various industries such as retail and agriculture. The current study aims at applying a sociological framework, sociology of worth (SOW), to the gaming industry in Macau, the largest operator of state-allowed gambling and entertainment in China, which will allow for its development during the COVID-19 pandemic to be charted. Design/methodology/approach The study uses the theory of SOW as a framework and collects data from various sources, such as the government, gaming operators and the public, to create timelines and SOW frameworks to analyze the impact of the virus on the gaming industry and the society as a whole. Findings Detailed content analysis and the creation of different SOW matrices determined that the notion of a “lonely economy” during a time of a critical event may be ameliorated in the long term through compromises of the different worlds and actors of the SOW. Practical implications Though largely theory-based, this study offers a thorough account of the COVID-19 incident for both the government and the gaming industry to reflect on and to consider new ways to fight against degrowth caused by disasters or crises. Social implications The SOW framework divides society into different worlds of different worths. The current study shows how the worths of the different worlds are congruent during normal periods, and how cracks appear between them when a sudden crisis, such as COVID-19, occurs. The article serves as a social account of how these cracks are formed and how could they be resolved through compromise and reconstruction. Originality/value This study is a first attempt to apply SOW to a controversial industry (gaming) while the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are ongoing. It offers a significant contribution to the social accounting literature through its consideration of the combination of unprecedented factors in a well-timed study that pays close attention to analyses and theoretical elaboration.

The impact of a TV report in schizophrenia stigma reduction: A quasi-experimental study

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaly de Oliveira Bosoni ◽  
Geraldo Busatto Filho ◽  
Daniel Martins de Barros
Keyword(s):  
Brief Intervention ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Stigma Reduction ◽  
The Social ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Background: Stigma is a major problem in schizophrenia, and the most effective way to reduce it is to provide information. But literature lacks studies evaluating long-term efficacy of mass communication. Aims: This is a pilot study to assess if a brief intervention (TV report) may have long-term effects. Method: Assessing stigma scores from subjects before and after seeing a vignette. Results: We found that the social distance and restriction to patients not only fell after a brief intervention but also kept lower after 1 and 3 months. Conclusion: We conclude that even brief intervention may create persistent impact in reducing discrimination.

scholarly journals Social influence in adolescence as a double-edged sword

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Molleman ◽  
Simon Kai Ciranka ◽  
Wouter van den Bos
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Developmental Trajectories ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Developmental Patterns ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Social learning is fundamental to human development, helping individuals adapt to new conditions and cooperate in groups. During the formative years of adolescence, the social environment shapes people’s socio-cognitive skills needed in adulthood. Yet, peer influence during this pivotal developmental stage is generally associated with risky and unruly conduct, with eminent negative long-term effects on adolescents’ educational, economic and health outcomes. Here we show, in contrast to this traditional view, that the impact of peers on adolescents’ behaviour can also be markedly positive. Exposure to disobedient peers provoked rule breaking, and selfish peers reduced prosocial behaviour, particularly in early adolescence. However, compliant peers also promoted rule-following and fair peers increased prosociality. A belief formation task further revealed that early adolescents tend to assimilate social information, while older adolescents prioritise personal views. Our results suggest that these developmental patterns reflect a decline in an underlying domain-general factor of social sensitivity during adolescence, and highlight early adolescence as a key window for peer-based interventions to improve developmental trajectories.

scholarly journals Not In My Backyard: The impact of waste disposal sites on communities in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raya Taher ◽  
Farah Abu Safe ◽  
Jean-Patrick Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Municipal Waste ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Sustainable Waste Management ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Waste disposal sites across Jordan pose serious risks to the environment and to public health if not managed safely. Municipal waste decomposing in open landfills also takes an environmental and socio-economic toll on neighbouring communities. While the Government of Jordan is planning to reduce the number of operational landfills and improve waste management services, persistent issues associated with unsustainable waste practices and their associated effects on the wellbeing of surrounding communities and the environment need to be addressed. Guaranteeing a sustainable waste management scheme for communities in Jordan should include increased consideration of the long-term effects that waste disposal sites have on neighbouring communities.

A Systematic Review of The Professional Medical Conversation Regarding Conflict Related Chronic Post Amputation & Neuropathic Pain 1914-1985

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dixon Smith
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
First World War ◽  
Phantom Limb ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
World War ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First World

The First World War resulted in the largest amputee cohort in history, with over 41,000 amputees in the UK alone. Limb wounds were (and still are) the most common site of survivable injury in conflict and accounted for 70% of all British casualties from 1914 to 1918. Of these casualties, 59% were caused by artillery or high velocity munitions, wounds that today, in some cases, could be termed ‘blast injury’.To date, there appears to have been no detailed analysis of the impact of this type of injury or pain on veterans’ long-term health and quality of life, or into the evolution of the professional, political and lay concepts, attitudes or clinical assessment and management for these types of chronic pain and the inherent years lost to disability [YLD] it caused.Although amputation rates have been reduced in recent conflicts, chronic residual stump, phantom limb and peripheral neuropathic pain are still significant issues in the rehabilitation of conflict wounds, and it is estimated that up to 85% of amputees suffer from chronic pain as a result of amputation. Given the similarities between the injury patterns caused by First World War weaponry and those from the improvised explosive devices [IEDs] of 21st century conflicts, this project has the potential to inform contemporary medical researchers, clinicians and disability policy as the long-term effects of blast injuries sustained by UK military personnel in Iraq and Afghanistan (329 blast-related amputations in total) become more evident.

scholarly journals (Un)Spoken realities of living with axial spondyloarthritis: a qualitative study focused on couple experiences

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e025261
Author(s):  
Kerry Raybone ◽  
Hannah Family ◽  
Raj Sengupta ◽  
Abbie Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Support Provision ◽  
Term Condition ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relational Closeness ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveAxial spondyloarthritis is a long-term rheumatic condition. The symptoms, including pain, can impact on the daily life routines and psychological well-being of individuals that are diagnosed with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Partners are often a main source of support for individuals who manage a long-term condition and they can also be affected by the illness experience, often themselves reporting elevated levels of emotional distress. Few qualitative studies have explored the impact of axSpA on partner relationships. This study addresses the social context of axSpA by investigating the experiences for both individuals with axSpA and their partners.DesignSemistructured individual telephone interviews analysed using thematic analysis at a dyadic partner level.SettingParticipants were recruited from the social media pages of a UK-based axSpA-specific charity.ParticipantsNine heterosexual partner dyads (23–65 years), who were currently cohabiting, comprising nine individuals diagnosed with axSpA (n=6 females) and nine partners (n=3 females).ResultsThree themes ‘Perceived relational closeness’, ‘Playing third wheel to axSpA’ and ‘Tensions surrounding a carer-type role’ were identified. The findings illustrate how living with axSpA can influence closeness between partners and dominate daily decisions, particularly surrounding leisure activities. Partners commonly adopted a carer-type role, despite many individuals with axSpA expressing desire for a greater sense of autonomy.ConclusionsThis study provides an important insight into the lived experiences of both individuals with axSpA and their partners. Findings highlight the social context of managing a long-term condition and suggest the need for including partners within consultations, and the need for support provision for partners.

Optimism or pessimism for the victim of child abuse?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-314
Author(s):  
J. Michael Cupoli ◽  
Eli H. Newberger
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Class Membership ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

The Contribution Of Elmer To Our Knowledge Of Child Abuse1 Brings Into Focus The Limited State Of Our Understanding Of The Long-Term Effects Of The Problem. We Know Too Little About The Impact Of Abuse On Children, And The Findings Of The Study Suggest That We Must Attend To The Social And Familial Circumstances Which Equally Affected The Outcomes Of Cases And Controls. The Study Concludes "That The Effects On Child Development Of Lower-Class Membership May Be As Powerful As Abuse." Other Reports Of The Developmental Sequelae Of Child Abuse Have Emphasized A Range Of Physical, Emotional, Social, And Cognitive Pathology.2-7

scholarly journals How are Children Coping with the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Developing Country Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 862-863
Author(s):  
Kadiann Hewitt-Thompson ◽  
Donnette Wright
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Outcomes For Children ◽  
The Impact

This paper sought to discuss how children in developing countries are coping with the social, emotional and financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their daily lives. Additionally, the evidence presented will increase awareness that children also experience varying impact of COVID-19 and provide guidance about coping mechanisms that may change the course of the impact and limit long term effects of the pandemic on them. It also explored the psychosocial influence of social determinants of children living in a developing country, the impact on their academic continuity and the role of parents in supporting children. Finally, the paper proposes pragmatic recommendations for achieving optimal social outcomes for children who experience pandemics.

scholarly journals COVID-19 related concerns of people with long-term respiratory conditions: A qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keir EJ Philip ◽  
Bradley Lonergan ◽  
Andrew Cumella ◽  
Joe Farrington-Douglas ◽  
Michael Laffan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Text ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Psychological Impacts ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Consistent Information ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Respiratory Conditions

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe COVID-19 pandemic is having profound psychological impacts on populations globally, with increasing levels of stress, anxiety, and depression being reported, especially in people with pre- existing medical conditions who appear to be particularly vulnerable. There are limited data on the specific concerns people have about COVID-19 and what these are based on.METHODSThe aim of this study was to identify and explore the concerns of people with long-term respiratory conditions in the UK regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and how these concerns were affecting them. We conducted a thematic analysis of free text responses to the question “What are your main concerns about getting coronavirus?”, which was included in the British Lung Foundation/Asthma UK (BLF-AUK) partnership COVID-19 survey, conducted between the 1st and 8th of April. This was during the 3rd week of the UK’s initial social distancing measures.RESULTS7,039 responses were analysed, with respondents from a wide range of ages, gender, and all UK nations. Respondents reported having asthma (85%), COPD (9%), bronchiectasis (4%), interstitial lung disease (2%), or ‘other’ lung diseases (e.g. lung cancer) (1%). Four main themes were identified: 1) vulnerability to COVID-19; 2) anticipated experience of contracting COVID-19; 3) wide-reaching uncertainty; and 4) inadequate national response.CONCLUSIONSThe COVID-19 pandemic is having profound psychological impacts. The concerns we identified largely reflect objective, as well as subjective, aspects of the current situation. Hence, key approaches to reducing these concerns require changes to the reality of their situation, and are likely to include i) helping people optimise their health, limit risk of infection, and access necessities; ii) minimising the negative experience of disease where possible, iii) providing up-to-date, accurate and consistent information, iv) improving the government and healthcare response.

Recharting Atlantic encounters. Object trajectories and histories of value in the Siin (Senegal) and Senegambia

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
François G. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Effects ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Atlantic Economy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Object Trajectories ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
African Atlantic ◽  
Theoretical Reflection

AbstractThe Atlantic era marks a turbulent period in the history of Senegambia, defined by dramatic reconfigurations in local socio-economic conditions. These ‘global encounters’ have often been equated with the subjection of African societies to the whims of an expanding capitalist economy. While the long-term effects of the Atlantic economy cannot be denied, conventional histories have often prioritized macro-trends and generalized process, thus glossing the complex mosaic of experiences that constituted the African Atlantic. By contrast, a closer look at how different categories of objects were consumed and circulated over time may provide more nuanced assessments of the impact of global forces on coastal societies. This article examines how these material entanglements took place in the Siin (Senegal), by following the social trajectories of several classes of objects in space and time, and charting their enmeshment in regimes of value, patterns of action, forms of power and historical experience. Combining these empirical insights with a broader theoretical reflection, the paper attempts to draw out the implications of rethinking the historical space of the African Atlantic through a more intimate engagement with the historicities, contingencies and materialities that fashioned African historical experiences. While this shift in conceptual priorities inevitably creates new silences, I suggest that it also re-establishes Africans as cultural and historical subjects, firmly grounded in world history, and that this perspective can provide a point of departure for the production of alternative historical imaginations and subjectivities.

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