scholarly journals To Assess the Knowledge and Awareness of Interns Regarding the Management of Tuberculosis as per Recent RNTCP (2017-2025) Guidelines – A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1104-1111
Author(s):  
Anamika Ajith ◽  
Dr. Rekha Nayaka M.R
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
New Guidelines

India has been engaged in Tuberculosis control activities for more than 50 years as India is the highest TB burdened country in the world. One such initiative is Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) which has been rechristened as National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP). The change in name is in line with the larger goal of eliminating the disease by 2025. Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study is to assess the knowledge and awareness of interns regarding the management of tuberculosis as per recent RNTCP guidelines. Materials & Methods: A structured questionnaire was provided to 111 interns to be filled in a stipulated time. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistical parameters and expressed in percentage. Result: Out of a total of 111 interns, 48 (43.24%) were males and 63 (56.75%) were females. Good knowledge was seen among the interns regarding the cardinal symptoms of TB as well as definition of MDR-TB. 92.79% of the participants responded rightly about two sputum samples being taken for diagnosis of TB. Only 76.57% of interns knew the principle of treatment of TB as daily administration of fixed-dose combination of first-line anti-tubercular drugs as per appropriate weight bands and 61.27% of interns were unfamiliar of chemoprophylaxis of tuberculosis according to the recent RNTCP guidelines. Only 71.17% of the participants were updated about the follow-up procedure according to new guidelines. But only 36.93% of participants could answer Cotrimoxazole as the effective drug used in HIV-TB co-infection apart from routine TB drugs to reduce mortality. Conclusion: This survey is providing valuable information that there is deficiency of knowledge among the interns regarding management of tuberculosis according to recent RNTCP guidelines which can lead to treatment failure and thereby causing a hindrance to elimination of TB from our country by 2025

scholarly journals A study of the effectiveness of school health education programs on selected mosquito borne diseases: school based cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanthi Sureshbabu ◽  
Senthilvel Vasudevan ◽  
Priyanka Raj
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
School Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Health Education

Background: School health education programs provide a convenient platform for engaging the students in health promotion activities. Public health problems like mosquito borne diseases cannot be controlled without active participation of the community and students are a resourceful component of the community who can be encouraged to take up activities to control mosquito borne diseases in the community.Methods: School-based cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2010 to March 2011 among 508 school students selected at random from students studying in the eighth to tenth standard. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Totally 508 students were included in this study. The number of students unaware of the stages in the mosquito life cycle and the mosquito’s resting habits reduced from 420 (82.68%) to 19 (3.74%) and 103 (20.28%) to 13 (2.56%) respectively. The number of students with correct knowledge of the biting habits of the female mosquito and personal protection (PP) measures increased from 31.69% to 97.05% with statistically highly significant (p <0.0001) and 52.95% to 74.21% respectively.Conclusions: The present study suggested that the school health education program is effective in creating awareness and increasing the knowledge regarding mosquito borne diseases among school children and possibilities of successfully engaging the community at large in the fight against mosquito borne diseases. The need would be to sustain this activity and implement it in schools as part of the vector borne disease control programme.

scholarly journals Use of Statins as Lipid Lowering Agent in Hypercholesterolemia in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (232) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aashish Kumar Bhattarai ◽  
Anna Acharya ◽  
Prabin Kumar Karki
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Lipids contribute to atherosclerosis and obesity that can lead to different cardiovascular diseases. Statins are hydroxymethylglutaryl reductase inhibitors that effectively lower the cholesterol level. It is widely prescribed in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Thus it optimizes the lipoprotein profile. The selection of a particular drug by the practitioner should be primarily based on clinical outcome. This study was conducted to find the type of statins that are most preferred by the doctors for treating dyslipidemia and preferred the fixed-dose in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among the practicing doctors of Kathmandu Medical College from July to August 2020. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of the college (Ref: 207202006). Convenient sampling was done. A semi-structured questionnaire was used with consent. The data were analyzed with Social Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Results: Statins, with the score 4.25 was accounted for most preferred for the treatment of dyslipidemia. Among different statins, atorvastatin with a score of 4.48 was most popular followed by rosuvastatin 2.9 score and simvastatin 2.1 scores. Conclusions: Statins were the most preferred agents for the treatment of dyslipidemia. Although different types of statins ought to have similar efficacy in treating dyslipidemia, atorvastatin was found to be popular and the most commonly prescribed one. The most common side effect reported with statins was myopathy.

CROSS- SECTIONAL STUDY OF ANIMAL BITE VICTIMS AND RABIES POST EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS UNDER NRCP (NATIONAL RABIES CONTROL PROGRAMME) AT A RURAL HOSPITAL OF NORTH 24 PARGANAS OF WEST BENGAL, INDIA.

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Chinmay Nandi ◽  
Saikat Bhattacharya ◽  
Soumitra Mondal ◽  
Shibasish Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Case Record ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Rabies Control ◽  
Animal Bites ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Objectives -Rabies, an Endemic disease, is responsible for extensive morbidity and mortality in India. About 96% of the mortality and morbidity is associated with dog bites. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and pattern of animal bites and rabies post exposure prophylaxis under National Rabies Control Programme Methodology – It was a Record cross sectional study where complete enumeration of all animal bite victims were done. Total 2940 such cases were found in that year. Data of 42 cases was excluded due to incomplete records. Data was analysed using MS Excel. Animal Bite Exposure register under National Rabies Control Programme, Patient Treatment cards, Consolidated reports were evaluated as study tools. Results - Majority of the wounds were found in limbs in 2695 (93%) cases. It is followed by wound in other areas like face 104(3.6%) and back 95 (3.3%). In a few cases site of wound was not mentioned in the case record. Children were most commonly affected (28.2%).Cat -bite is most common (49.3%). Around 84.9% were Category II bite and rest are category III. Conclusion - Dogs and cats are mostly responsible of animal bites in this part of the country. There is need to control stray dogs .Children are found to be most vulnerable for animal bites. There is gap between eligible candidates for vaccine and those who actually received it both in Category II and III animal bite victims.

PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS IN A PSYCHIATRY OPD OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL – A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY.

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
Kishore M S ◽  
Narendra Kumar ◽  
S Sindhu
Keyword(s):  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Pattern

Background: The expanding and challenging eld of psychopharmacology is constantly seeking new and improved drugs to treat psychiatric disorders. Psychotropic drugs utilization in actual clinical practice, effectiveness and safety in the real-life situation needs continuous study. Therefore, the study was undertaken to analyze the prescription pattern of psychotropic drugs. Methods: A Cross sectional study was conducted in the psychiatry out-patient department of a tertiary care hospital for 4 months. Diagnosis was made according to ICD-10 criteria. Prescription pattern was analyzed using World Health Organization (WHO) drug indicators. Results: Psychotropic drugs constituted 74.85% of the prescribed medication. Average number of the psychotropic drugs per prescription was 2.53. Percentage of prescriptions with injectable drugs accounted for 5.13%. 59.28% of the drugs were prescribed by generic names, while the rest were branded. 28% of prescriptions contained psychotropic FDCs (Fixed dose th combination). 78.65% of the drugs were from the WHO's 18 List of Essential Medicines. Among the total psychotropic drugs prescribed, antipsychotics (43.87%) were the most commonly prescribed class of drugs followed by antidepressants (23.32%), anxiolytics (22.13%) and the mood stabilizers (9.88%) were the least. Conclusions: Prescription pattern of the psychotropic drugs were in accordance to the recommendations of various treatment guidelines. Antipsychotics were the most commonly prescribed psychotropic drugs.

scholarly journals The National Tuberculosis Control Programme of Liberia Laboratory Programme Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kassaye Tekie Desta ◽  
T. E. Masango ◽  
Zerish Zethu Nkosi
Keyword(s):  
Proficiency Testing ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Laboratory Performance ◽  
Sputum Microscopy ◽  
Tuberculosis Control Programme

Background. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem in Liberia. Little is known about the TB laboratory performance of Liberia and the challenges after the 14 years of civil war which ended in 2003. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the TB laboratory performance of Liberia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from 2014 to 2015. The study was conducted using quantitative data of TB case findings, sputum microscopy proficiency testing, and on-site assessment of sputum microscopy laboratories in Liberia. 80 laboratories participated in the proficiency testing. Besides, four years’ (2012–2015) TB case finding data obtained from the National Leprosy and Tuberculosis Control Programme (NLTCP) were used to complement the study. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results. From the 80 TB sputum microscopy testing laboratories participating in proficiency testing, only 20 (25%) scored acceptable performance. 46 (58%) TB microscopy laboratories reported quantification errors for the proficiency panel slide 6 which was 3+. The national TB smear-positive cases notified were 4342 in 2012 but decreased to 3820 and 2448 in 2013 and 2014, respectively. The TB smear case detection rate showed an increase from 68% in 2010 to 78% in 2011 and a decrease to 60%, 57%, and 42% in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. Conclusion. Between 2010 and 2013, the NLTCP succeeded in increasing the number of TB sputum microscopy laboratories. At most of the TB microscopy sites, the TB laboratory quality system was not implemented. The NLTCP of Liberia should develop strategies to overcome its challenges in TB laboratory testing.

scholarly journals The Perspectives of Patients and Health Professionals Regarding the Tuberculosis Control Programme in Recife, Brazil: A Contribution to Evaluation

Pharmacy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Santos Bezerra ◽  
Mara Pereira Guerreiro ◽  
Nathany França Pessoa ◽  
Maria Gabriela Pereira da Silva ◽  
Mirela Galvão de Barros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Median Score ◽  
Tuberculosis Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Levels Of Care ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Overall Evaluation

The study objective is to describe patients and professionals’ perspectives on the Tuberculosis Control Program (PCT) in Recife, Brazil, contributing to the program evaluation. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three purposively selected sites, representing the three levels of care in the public health system. All eligible PCT patients in sites A, B and C were invited to participate (n = 123). Physicians, nurses, pharmacists and community health agents providing care to PCT patients in these sites, plus their managers, were purposively selected. Data were collected by means of interviews with 44 patients and a questionnaire to 24 professionals. Instruments encompassed previously published items to capture stakeholders’ perspectives (16 and 12 closed-questions, respectively), grouped into categories. The overall evaluation by patients was unsatisfactory (median score 35%; third quartile below 50%; interquartile range 21.9%). Analysis of scores by categories showed that opinions about organizational accessibility were significantly worse than about economic and geographical accessibility, taken together. Overall the median score attributed by professionals was 52% (third quartile below 65%). Professionals had significantly worse opinions about diagnosis, clinical and laboratory assistance. Patients and professionals’ perspectives highlight potential opportunities for improvement. Our findings can be used by managers as a starting point for shared decision-making, potentially contributing to a better performance of the PCT in Recife and, consequently, reducing the risk posed by tuberculosis.

scholarly journals The implementation of health istithaah to the pilgrims with tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study in Jakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Ibnu Mas'ud ◽  
Ujainah Zaini Nasir ◽  
Ceva Wicaksono Pitoyo ◽  
Ikhwan Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Mdr Tb

BACKGROUND Based on the regulation of the Indonesian Ministry of Health No. 15 of 2016 about health istithaah for the Hajj, patients with tuberculosis (TB) can be categorized into ineligible or temporarily ineligible pilgrims. This study aimed to know the characteristics of pilgrims with TB and determined their level of fitness for fulfilling the health istithaah. METHODS A cross-sectional study of pilgrims from Jakarta who were receiving TB treatment during the Hajj in 2018 was conducted with consecutive sampling. The secondary data was collected from the Hajj Integrated Computer Health System 2018, TB registered form, and six-minute walk test (the fitness level data) conducted by the District Hajj Health Team at district health centers in DKI Jakarta and Pondok Gede before the Hajj embarkation in June–July 2018. The questionnaire to the Indonesian Hajj Health Team during pilgrimage was also included as additional data. RESULTS Thirty-one pilgrims received TB treatment and completed the intensive phase of TB treatment, but 29 pilgrims had no symptoms. Among them, 2 patients had MDR-TB. Most of them were male aged ≥40 years old. Twelve pilgrims with TB have a sufficient fitness. All pilgrims were able to run the pillars of the Hajj. CONCLUSIONS Pilgrims with TB, including MDR-TB, who had completed the intensive phase with a negative sputum smear test were declared eligible for the Hajj with assistance.

scholarly journals A cross sectional study of in-hospital cases of Pediatric Tuberculosis detected by CBNAAT at a tertiary care teaching hospital of Central India.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Dr. Munindra Pratap Singh ◽  
◽  
Dr. Pawan Kumar Sharma ◽  
Dr. Pradeep Upadhyay ◽  
Dr. Puneet Agrawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Central India ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Gastric Aspirate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Pediatric Tuberculosis ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Background: Childhood tuberculosis is difficult in the identification of the organism due to impropersampling as well as low sensitivity of the smear. Newer diagnostic methods like Cartridge basednucleic acid amplification tests (CBNAAT) can rapidly identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis withimproved sensitivity over the smear testing. Material & Method:This observational record basedcross-sectional study was undertaken to identify the epidemiology of tubercular infection in childrendiagnosed with CBNAAT. The study was carried out by analyzing the data of children from six monthsto 18 years who were diagnosed with Tuberculosis and treated with anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT)from April 2018 to March 2020. Results: Data of a total of 166 patients was analyzed. 42% ofoverall collected samples were reactive to CBNAAT testing for tuberculosis. 40 gastric aspiratesamples were collected and only four (10%) turned reactive for tuberculosis by CBNAAT. None of thepediatric samples was positive for MDR TB. 66% of children completed treatment and 33% weredeclared cured. Conclusion: 42% positivity after CBNAAT testing for tuberculosis infection incollected samples of sputum and gastric aspirate where only 10% yield in GA samples.

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