scholarly journals The implementation of health istithaah to the pilgrims with tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study in Jakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
Ibnu Mas'ud ◽  
Ujainah Zaini Nasir ◽  
Ceva Wicaksono Pitoyo ◽  
Ikhwan Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Health Team ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Mdr Tb

BACKGROUND Based on the regulation of the Indonesian Ministry of Health No. 15 of 2016 about health istithaah for the Hajj, patients with tuberculosis (TB) can be categorized into ineligible or temporarily ineligible pilgrims. This study aimed to know the characteristics of pilgrims with TB and determined their level of fitness for fulfilling the health istithaah. METHODS A cross-sectional study of pilgrims from Jakarta who were receiving TB treatment during the Hajj in 2018 was conducted with consecutive sampling. The secondary data was collected from the Hajj Integrated Computer Health System 2018, TB registered form, and six-minute walk test (the fitness level data) conducted by the District Hajj Health Team at district health centers in DKI Jakarta and Pondok Gede before the Hajj embarkation in June–July 2018. The questionnaire to the Indonesian Hajj Health Team during pilgrimage was also included as additional data. RESULTS Thirty-one pilgrims received TB treatment and completed the intensive phase of TB treatment, but 29 pilgrims had no symptoms. Among them, 2 patients had MDR-TB. Most of them were male aged ≥40 years old. Twelve pilgrims with TB have a sufficient fitness. All pilgrims were able to run the pillars of the Hajj. CONCLUSIONS Pilgrims with TB, including MDR-TB, who had completed the intensive phase with a negative sputum smear test were declared eligible for the Hajj with assistance.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Gagal Konversi BTA pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Fase Intensif di Kota Yogyakarta

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Zain Hadifah ◽  
Yanri Wijayantri Subronto ◽  
M Robikhul Ikhsan
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Treatment Default ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Pre Treatment

Sputum smear conversion at the end of the intensive phase of tuberculosis treatment is positif of the patients response to treatment. This study aimed to determine factors associated to sputum smear non-conversion at the end of the intensive phase treatment. This cross sectional study was perform in Yogyakarta distric by collecting medical record in primary health care, from 2011-2016. Of 722 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patient, 21,05 %  patients were identified as non-converted of the intensive phase of treatment with the median age was 41 years and 58.5 % were male. The factors were associated with sputum smear non-conversion of insentive phase treatment : male, age ≥50, pre-treatment smears graded ≥2+, nonadherence to tuberculosis after 2 months treatment. Multivariate analysis indicated that Pre-treatment smears graded ≥2+and nonadherent to tuberculosis after 2 months treatment were a count highest contribution with sputum smear non-conversion. Patients with these factors non-conversion after two months of treatment should be given a fully supervised treatment to prevent in treatment default. Abstrak Konversi BTA pada akhir pengobatan fase intensif merupakan  salah satu indiaktor respon pasien terhadap pengobatan TB. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kegagalan konversi BTA setelah pengobatan TB fase intensif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional berdasarkan data rekam medis di puskesmas, Kota Yogyakarta tahun 2011-2016. Dari 722 pasien TB paru, sebanyak 21,05% adalah gagal konversi setelah pengobatan fase intensif dengan median umur adalah 41 tahun dan sebanyak 58,5% adalah laki-laki. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan gagal konversi setelah pengobatan fase intensif adalah jenis kelamin laki-laki, umur ≥50 tahun, gradasi BTA ≥2+, ketidakteraturan menelan obat. Analisa multivariable menunjukkan gradasi BTA sebelum pengobatan ≥ 2+  dan ketidakteraturan pengobatan sebagai faktor yang paling berkontribusi dengan gagal konversi. Pasien dengan gagal konversi setelah 2 bulan .

scholarly journals Faktor risiko kejadian multi drug resistant tuberculosis di RSUP Dr. Sardjito

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Erma Nurjanah Widiastuti ◽  
Yanri Wijayanti Subronto ◽  
Dibyo Promono
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Hiv Aids

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to identify the determinants of multidrug resistant events in patients with tuberculosis in Dr. Sardjito Hospital in Yogyakarta.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted involving 122 patients with suspected MDR TB consisting of 61 cases of MDR TB and 61 non MDR TB cases. The data collected were secondary data from MDR TB.06 registers, medical records, MDR TB.03 registers, and MDR TB patients' baseline data forms at Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta from January 2012 until September 2016. Data were analyzed to determine the correlation between independent variables and dependent variable using Chi-Square tests, and to know the most dominant risk factors using multiple logistic regression tests.Results MDR TB patients’ characteristics showed there were more males (63.93%), age >45 years (52.46%), previously TB treatment (96.72%), never smoking (75.41%), no contacts with MDR TB patients (86.89%), and never examined for HIV-AIDS (59.02%). The analysis showed there was no significant association between age, sex, previous TB treatment, smoking, contact with MDR TB patients, and HIV-AIDS status with MDR TB incidence in Dr. Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta (p value >0.05).Conclusion The variables of age, sex, previous TB treatment, smoking, contacts with MDR TB patients, and HIV-AIDS status were not risk factors for MDR TB incidence in Dr. Sardjito Hospital in Yogyakarta.

scholarly journals Sputum Smear Non-conversion at the End of Intensive Phase of Tuberculosis Treatment at a Tertiary Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (243) ◽  
pp. 1090-1093
Author(s):  
Naveen Prakash Shah ◽  
Anil Regmi ◽  
Aakash Acharya ◽  
Jwala K.C. ◽  
Bidur Khatiwada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tuberculosis Treatment ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensive Phase ◽  
Acid Fast Bacilli ◽  
Tertiary Center

Introduction: Sputum non-conversion is smear positive tuberculosis despite anti-tubercular therapy. Various factors may lead to sputum non-conversion including resistance to anti-tubercular drugs, age, gender, disease severity, non-compliance, drugs unavailability etc. Little is known and studied about the contribution of these individual factors. Our study sought to determine the prevalence of sputum smear non-conversion in patients at the end of intensive phase of tuberculosis treatment visiting a tertiary-level institution in Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among recorded data of patients undergoing sputum Acid Fast Bacilli staining at the end of intensive phase at National Tuberculosis Control Center from April 2018 to April 2020. The study was approved by Nepal Health Research Council (Registration no: 76012020 P). The convenient sampling method was adopted. The data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Our study found that out of 830 samples that were tested by Acid Fast Bacilli stain at the end of intensive phase, 40 (4.82%) (3.37-6.28 at 95% Confidence Interval) were sputum smear non-converters. The mean age of sputum non-converters was 41.25±15.543 years. Conclusions: The study shows that a significant proportion of patients remain acid-fast stain positive despite the treatment. However, the proportion is low compared to other similar studies around the globe. This study provides program managers with evidence to support the development of more tailored tuberculosis care and need to conduct more intensive studies about various factors that may lead to non-conversion.

scholarly journals A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study of the Utility of Cartridge-Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Test in Diagnosis of Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in People Living with HIV in Second Highest HIV Prevalent State in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tade Bagbi ◽  
Ningthoukhongjam Reema ◽  
S. Bhagyabati Devi ◽  
Thangjam Gautam Singh ◽  
Mohammad Jaleel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification Test ◽  
Nucleic Acid Amplification ◽  
Rifampicin Resistance ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Smear Microscopy ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Smear Negative

Abstract Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) is difficult to diagnose due to fewer organisms in sputum and extrapulmonary samples. Sputum culture takes 4 to 8 weeks for growth of the mycobacteria. Delayed treatment for TB in PLHIV leads to increased mortality. This study evaluated cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT) as a diagnostic tool for diagnosis of pulmonary TB (PTB) and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) in PLHIV in the second most HIV prevalent state in India and for comparing its efficacy between Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) staining sputum smear–positive and sputum smear–negative TB. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in RIMS, Imphal, with 167 PLHIV patients, age 15 years or older, having signs and symptoms of TB. Appropriate samples for sputum microscopy and CBNAAT were sent. Conclusion The overall sensitivity of sputum smear for acid-fast bacillus (AFB) was found to be 30.71% and that of CBNAAT was 38.57%. Sensitivity of CBNAAT for sputum smear–positive and sputum smear–negative TB was 100 and 11.3%, respectively. Sensitivity of ZN smear for AFB of EPTB sample was 48.1% and that of CBNAAT was 59.25%. In both PTB and EPTB, CBNAAT showed an increase in diagnosis of microbiologically confirmed PTB cases by 7.8 and 11.1%, respectively, over and above the cases diagnosed by ZN smear microscopy. Rifampicin resistance was detected in five patients. We conclude that CBNAAT is a rapid test with better sensitivity in diagnosis of PTB and EPTB in PLHIV, compared with ZN smear microscopy. It detects rifampicin resistance for multidrug-resistant TB and helps in early treatment intervention.

scholarly journals Identifying missing people: the contribution of forensic dentistry and DNA

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
Luciene Menrique CORRADI ◽  
Denise Vieira TRAVASSOS ◽  
Sylvia Cury COSTE ◽  
Rosa Núbia Vieira de MOURA ◽  
Efigênia Ferreira e FERREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Anthropology ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Human Identification ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Forensic Dentistry ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Examination

Abstract Introduction Human identification is considered one of the major steps concerning missing people. The Forensic Anthropology Sector of Legal Medical Institutes identifies corpses. Forensic dentistry and DNA tests stand out among the existing standard tests. Objective This article aimed to evaluate human identification effectiveness through forensic dental examination performed in the forensic anthropology sector in a Forensic Medical Institute, comparing them with DNA analyses. Methodology This is a cross-sectional study using secondary data available in the department´s database, from 2008 to 2014, concerning identification procedures using forensic dentistry and DNA techniques. Result The analysis of the examinations eligible to this study (241) showed that DNA analysis was the method used for identification in 79.3% of the cases and forensic dental examinations were used in 20.7% of the cases. As for the type of biological material used during these examinations, unidentified corpses corresponded to 131 cases (53.9%), skeleton structures corresponded to 109 cases (44.9%) and there were 3 cases of body segments (1.2%). When analyzing the time spent to complete the tests, dental examinations were faster than DNA tests. The time spent for forensic dental examination does not depend on the type of dental documentation evaluated. Conclusion The analysis of the results in this study showed that human identification through forensic dentistry is effective, rapid and less costly, contributing to greater agility in solving issues related to locating missing people.

scholarly journals Sputum smear positivity grade and chest X-ray findings in tuberculosis: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Behzadmehr ◽  
E. Nejadkehkha
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chest X Ray

Despite many advances in the diagnosis, screening, and rapid treatment of tuberculosis, it is still a public health concern in the world. Due to the importance of this issue in diagnosis and reduction of transmission of infection and treatment of the disease especially where this study is conducted due to the high prevalence of tuberculosis, this study was done to determine The relationship between sputum smear positivity grade and chest X-ray findings in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a hospital in southeast of Iran. This cross-sectional study was performed on all patients with pulmonary TB referencing the health centers in Zabol city, southeast of Iran from 1 January 2015 to 30 December 2020. Sputum smear and radiographic findings of the chest X-ray were evaluated. Data was collected using a form of information and finally analyzed by SPSS 22. Out of 101 patients examined in the present study, 71 were women and 30 were men. The mean age of the patients was 62.68 ± 13.61 years. The frequency of opacity in patients with grades 1, 2, and 3 was 71.4, 78.5, and 76.5%, respectively. Frequency of cavitation in patients with Grade 1, 2 and 3 was 11.5%, 28.5% and 52.9% respectively (P value 0.001). The frequency of reticulonodular presentations in patients with grade 1, 2, and 3 was 24.2, 7.1, and 0%, respectively.  In general, the results of this study showed that, with increasing grading of smears (1+, 2+, and 3+), the frequency of cavitation presentation increased significantly and the frequency of reticulonodular presentations decreased significantly. In general, the results of this study showed that, with increasing grading of smears (, the frequency of Cavitation presentation increased significantly and the frequency of reticulonodular presentations decreased significantly. The findings of the present study can help physicians better diagnose TB.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinant of Depression among Multi-Drug Resistance Tuberculosis: Study in Dr. Kariadi General Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
Mahalul Azam ◽  
Arulita Ika Fibriana ◽  
Fitri Indrawati ◽  
Indah Septiani
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depression Status ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Mdr Tb

Backgrouds: Multi-drug resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) adds the burden of tuberculosis (TB). Depression is a common comorbidity in TB patients. Prevalence of depression among MDR-TB patients was higher, i.e. 11-70%. Prevalence of depression among TB patients in Dr. Kariadi General Hospital was 51.9%. Previous study reported the determinants related to the depression in MDR-TB patients. This study explored the prevalence of depression in MDR-TB patients and its determinants. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted from July-August 2019. Data consisted of primary and secondary data from Dr. Kariadi General Hospital patients. Sample in this study involved 72 respondents, over 16 years old from 151 registered MDR-TB patients. Depression status was determined using Depression Anxiety Stress Scales obtained from the medical record. Subjects’ characteristics and determinants were collected from primary as well as secondary data. Descriptive data were presented in proportion. Chi-square test continued by Binary logistic regression was performed to determine the association between depression status and its determinants. A P-value

scholarly journals Peer reviewed abstract submitted to the College of Health Sciences, Osun State University Annual Scientific Conference, June 15-19, 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
C.A. Akinleye ◽  
A. Onabule ◽  
A.O. Oyekale ◽  
M.O. Akindele ◽  
O.J. Babalola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Total Respondent ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Level Of Significance

Introduction: MDR-TB poses a significant challenge to global management of TB. Laboratories in many countries among which include Nigeria are unable to evaluate drug resistance, and clinical predictors of MDR-TB might help target suspected patients.Method: The study was a cross sectional study design. Multistage sampling technique was employed in the selection of 403 tuberculosis patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Level of significance was set at P<0.05.Results: Fifty three 53 (13.2%) of the total respondent had MDR-TB compare to national prevalence of 8% which is steeper among males 36(67.9%) (p>0.05). Education and Occupation shows a significant association with MDR-TB, (÷2=24.640, p = 0.007) and (÷2=14.416, p=0.006) respectively, smoking (r=0.074, p<0.05) and alcohol consumption (r=0.083, p>0.05) show no significant association with occurrence MDR-TB.Conclusion: Previous TB treatment and Adherence with treatment regimen were found to be the major risk factor for MDR-TB. Targeted educational intervention for patients and their contacts may minimize the non-adherence with prescribed TB treatment and lessen MDR-TB magnitude. Key words: TB Patients, MDR-TB, tuberculosis, risk factors.

scholarly journals Profil Primigravida Muda dan Luaran Persalinan di Rumah Sakit Dr.Oen Surakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Supanji Raharja ◽  
Ova Emilia ◽  
Poedji Rochjati
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Perinatal Morbidity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Important Health

Background: Pregnancy at a young age has become an important health problem both in developed and developing countries. Pregnancy at a young age increases the risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This is because adolescent women who are not ready both physically and psychologically to get pregnant.Obsjective: This study aims to identify and analyze labor in young primigravida (<20 years) with pathological labor in hospital Dr.Oen Surakarta.Method: This was an observational analytic study without intervention in the form of comparative cross sectional study conducted in young primigravida group age <20 years and primigravida group age 20 to 34 years old, who underwent labor in hospital delivery room. Dr.Oen Surakarta. This study used secondary data from the medical record of pregnant women who gave birth at RS.Dr.Oen Surakarta from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 201. A comparison between young primigravids (<20 years) in which pathologic pathways were performed with primigravida of reproductive age (20-34 years) experienced pathological labor were conducted.Result and Discussion: The number of deliveries in young primigravida (<20 years) was 61 people (6.65%) whereas in primigravida (21-35 years) there were 856 people (93.34%). Younger primigravids have lower levels of education than the primigravida age of reproductive age (p 0.00, CI 3.557 - 11.227). The younger primigravida has a tendency to give birth outside its residence area compared to primigravida of reproductive age (p 0.00; CI 0.050,178). Unmarried status in the young primigravida is greater than that of primigravida of reproductive age (p 0.00, CI 0.011 - 0,229) .An Antenatal Care on Primigravida reproductive age is more regular than young primigravida (p 0.03; CI 0.255 - 0.97) . Young primigravida tended to have anemia (p = 0.00, OR 8.4 CI 3.22 - 21.93) The risk of prematurity was higher in young primigravids than in the reproductive age primigravida (p 0.01, OR 2.9 CI 1, 16 - 7.25). Younger primigravids have a higher risk for pathologic delivery compared to primigravida of reproductive age (p 0.05 OR 0.56 CI 0.315 - 1.01).Conclusions: There are differences in terms, level of education, marital status, residence, regularity of ANC between young primigravida and prmigravida of reproductive age. The study found that young primigravids have a higher risk of occurrence of anemia, prematurity and pathologic delivery compared with healthy reproductive age primigravids.Keywords: young primigravida, primigravida healthy reproductive age, risk factors

Treatment Outcomes of the Standardized Shorter MDR-TB Regimen under Programmatic Setting: A Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Centre, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swathi Karanth M.P ◽  
Somashekar M ◽  
Anushree Chakraborty ◽  
Swapna R ◽  
Akshata J.S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Set Up

Background: The shorter regimen was widely accepted and advocated for MDR-TB treatment compared tothe conventional longer regimen. Evaluating the performance of both regimens in a programmatic setting will help in tailoring the treatment regimen of MDR-TB. Objectives: 1. To estimate the duration of sputum smear conversion in the shorter MDR-TB regimen. 2. To compare the treatment outcomes of the shorter MDR-TB regimen with that of the longer conventional MDR regimen in a programmatic set up in India. 3. To estimate the adverse drug reactions in the shorter MDR-TB regimen. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 patients enrolled under programmatic management of drug resistant tuberculosis (PMDT) from April 2017 to May 2019 at a nodal DRTB center and a tertiary care hospital in India. Demographic and clinical characteristics of those who received a shorter MDR-TB regimen were recorded. Treatment outcomes of both regimens were recorded. Treatment success is defined as ‘disease cured and treatment completed’, whereas treatment failure was considered when the treatment was either terminated or changed due to lack of bacteriological conversion at the end of an extended intensive phase or culture reversion in the continuation phase. Results: The treatment success observed in the shorter MDR-TB regimen was 61.25%, which was significantly higher than the conventional longer regimen (p=0.0007). Treatment failures were higher with a shorter MDR-TB regimen (p=0.0001). Conclusion: Treatment success with the shorter MDR-TB regimen though higher than the conventional regimen, is still way behind the target treatment success rate. Improving treatment adherence remains pivotal for achieving end TB targets.

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