Aesthetic Form and Political Function

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Cherie Prosser
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
First World War ◽  
British India ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Function ◽  
Aesthetic Form ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World

This chapter examines selected examples from collections of First World War posters from across British India and French Algeria. Current historiographies of colonial participation in the First World War provide an important cultural context for understanding why poster artists used stereotypes as a form of public mediation....

The Indian Civil Service 1919–1924: Service Discontent and the Response in London and in Delhi

1984 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Ewing
Keyword(s):  
Civil Service ◽  
First World War ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
British India ◽  
World War ◽  
Vital Part ◽  
British Rule ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
First World

The British controlled their empire in India through the twin instruments of the army and the civil services. But the army was never used much to administer British territories and the day-to-day business of law and order was left to the civil services, headed by the élite corps of covenanted officers, the Indian Civil Service. This corps was the vital link that carried the dictates of the centre to the two hundred and fifty districts that made up British India. Obviously a Service only a thousand or so strong had a presence too thin to achieve what some hagiographers have claimed but it was, nonetheless, a vital part of the structure of British rule. In the years immediately following the first world war, this vital part seemed unable to cope with the galaxy of problems with which it was beset: its own members increasingly questioned the value of their role; Indian politicians attacked what they saw as the remnant of imperial control whilst, on the widest scale, the complex task of governing India seemed to be beyond the creaking, anachronistic and overworked I.C.S.

The End and the Beginning

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Wodziński
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
The First World War ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries ◽  
First World

This chapter asks what we know about the golden/classical period of Hasidism and when it ended. It demonstrates that long before the Holocaust, it was the First World War that brought a major crisis, from which Hasidism in the Old World never recovered. It discusses in turn the human and material losses suffered by the Hasidim, changes in the movement’s geography and their consequences, and ideological and political transformations Hasidism experienced after 1918. The chapter thus shows how the golden age of Hasidism in the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries differed from what emerged in the wake of the First World War and from what we know as Hasidism today. More generally, this chapter provides a model of the interrelation between the geopolitical, economic, or cultural context of the outside world and the ethos, doctrine, and cultural models of Hasidism.

scholarly journals Epistolary genre: «Holy letter» in cross-cultural context

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Plotnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
First World War ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
World War ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Cross ◽  
First World ◽  
Corre Spondence

Published letters of Burgenland’s Croats living in Chunovo on the border of Slovakia and Hungary are under consideration from the point of view of the features of the epistolary genre of the early XXth century. The cross-cultural context dictates the use of such lexemes and turns, which were possible only in this particular Slavic region. Against this background, the so-called “heavenly letter” stands out, which is a letter-amulet written on the eve of the First World War by a soldier and sent to his loved ones. The genre features of this letter are very different from the entire corre-spondence, which allows us to consider this text in a num-ber of so-called “Holy letters”.

Playing Fields and Battlefields: The Football Pitch, England and the First World War

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Luedtke
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Real Material ◽  
The First World War ◽  
War Effort ◽  
The Many ◽  
First World

Football during the First World War has been oft-studied in a socio-cultural context. Held as either a symbol of England's sporting approach to war or as evidence of working-class evasion of manly duty, anxiety over England's ability to win wars inspired both praise for and resentment toward the game of football. But what of the landscape on which the game itself was played? This essay demonstrates how the football pitch helped to manage the many strains brought on by World War I. On the home front, the pitch became a recruitment office, training camp, storage ground, rifle range, and livestock pasturage, in addition to hosting matches in the interest of maintaining civilian morale. At the front lines, English soldiers refashioned the mangled environment into a more familiar space by staging impromptu matches on makeshift pitches. Throughout the First World War, the football pitch satisfied many of the very real material and psychological needs of the English war effort.

scholarly journals Dlaczego kobiety nie mają swojej historii? „Wspomnienia” Aleksandry Piłsudskiej i ich rola w budowaniu legendy Józefa Piłsudskiego

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Marta Sikorska-Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
First World War ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Activity ◽  
First World

Why women do not have their history? Memories of Aleksandra Piłsudska and their role in development of a legend of Józef PiłsudskiA research on women biographical sources belongs to the wide cultural context, and is aiming at collecting and recording of the history and social memory of women. It is not a simple collecting of women’s figures but shows their picture in several contexts, including national, political, social history as well as history of everyday life.Memoirs of Aleksandra Piłsudska are first of all a record of life of Józef Piłsudski and a pres­entation of his ideas. They show a woman hidden behind a biography of her husband, describing with respect his achievements and sharing his beliefs. She appears as a modest woman, discrete in describing family life and husband’s betrayals, maternity matters. At the same time she is looking for equality, partnership and friendship with Józef Piłsudski.In Memoirs we can also find fragments of a great history of women. Histories of revolution of 1905 and the First World War are very important for political, social and military activity of women.

The Giant Rat of Sumatra

2018 ◽  
pp. 218-228
Author(s):  
Andrew Glazzard
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
British Isles ◽  
British India ◽  
World War ◽  
World War One ◽  
Travel Agent ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The World ◽  
First World

The late story ‘Thor Bridge’ opens with a celebrated passage in which Watson reveals the existence of ‘a travel-worn and battered tin dispatch-box with my name, John H. Watson, MD, Late Indian Army, painted upon the lid’ (Case-Book, 23) in the vaults of the Charing Cross branch of Cox and Co. bank. This was a real bank, founded in 1758 and which specialised as an army agency, responsible for army logistics and payments to officers and men: for its military customers it would have taken care not only of salaries but also of tax, insurance and bills, and it had branches across British India as well as the British Isles. For a former Indian Army doctor, therefore, it would have been a logical choice for placing an account, and its branch at 16–18 Charing Cross was, during the First World War, one of the busiest banks in the world, open all hours for men returning from the front.1 Its wartime expansion could not be sustained and it was taken over by Lloyd’s Bank in 1923, the year after ‘Thor Bridge’ was published in the Strand, although Lloyd’s later sold its Indian operations which eventually became Cox and Kings travel agent, and which flourishes to this day.

Stories and Poems

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudyard Kipling
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Political Engagement ◽  
First World War ◽  
Rudyard Kipling ◽  
British India ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World ◽  
Selection Of

‘Hear and attend and listen...’ Rudyard Kipling is a supreme master of the short story in English and a poet of brilliant gifts. His energy and inventiveness poured themselves into every kind of tale, from the bleakest of fables to the richest of comedies, and he illuminated every aspect of human behaviour, of which he was a fascinated (and sometimes appalled) observer. This generous selection of stories and poems, first published in the acclaimed Oxford Authors series, covers the full range of Kipling’s career from the youthful volumes that brought him fame as the chronicler of British India, to the bittersweet fruits of age and bereavement in the aftermath of the First World War. It includes stories such as ‘The Man who would be King’, ‘Mrs Bathurst’, and ‘Mary Postgate’, and poems from Barrack-Room Ballads and other collections. In his introduction and notes Daniel Karlin addresses the controversial political engagement of Kipling’s art, and the sources of its imaginative power.

Great Britain, China and the Status of Tibet, 1914–21

1976 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive Christie
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
British India ◽  
World War ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
North Asia ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post War ◽  
First World

The decade preceding the First World War, with the Younghusband expedition, the Chinese forward movement in Tibet of 1909–11, and the Simla Conference of 1913–14, is naturally the period of Anglo-Tibetan relations that has been most thoroughly covered by historians. It could indeed be argued that, on the surface at least, the relationship forged between British India and Tibet by the conclusion of the Simla Conference remained unchanged and largely unchallenged until the transfer of power to an independent Indian Government. This seeming stability, however, masks a debate over Tibetan policy within the British and Indian Governments that was particularly intense during the years 1919–21, and which reflected Britain's nervousness over the political instability of north Asia as a whole during and after the First World War. Before the First World War, the ‘problem’ of Tibet was largely a parochial issue for the British Indian Government, but at the conclusion of the First World War this ‘problem’ had become an important ingredient of a much wider debate on the overall direction of post-war British policy in Asia.

A Soldier in the Psychoanalytic Army: Claud Daly's ‘Defence of the Garrison’

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-92
Author(s):  
Akshi Singh
Keyword(s):  
First World War ◽  
Shock Treatment ◽  
British India ◽  
World War ◽  
Shell Shock ◽  
The North ◽  
The First World War ◽  
First World ◽  
North Western ◽  
Ernest Jones

This article discusses the published psychoanalytical writing and unpublished diaries of Claud Dangar Daly. An officer in the colonial army, Daly was posted in India and served in the First World War, which is when he was introduced to psychoanalysis through shell-shock treatment with Ernest Jones. He went on to have two further analyses with Freud, and one with Ferenczi. Daly's diaries are records of his dreams and his interpretations of them, written while Daly was posted in the North Western Frontier of British India. The article explores Daly's relationship to psychoanalysis, politics and his accounts of sexuality through his published and unpublished writings, and uses this to reflect on Freud's insights on groups, civilization and ethics.

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