A Biographical Sketch

Rashi ◽  
2012 ◽  
pp. 12-51
Author(s):  
Avraham Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
World View ◽  
Community Leader ◽  
Biographical Sketch ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Great Confidence ◽  
Literary Output ◽  
Cultural World

This chapter offers a biographical sketch of Rashi. There are numerous folk legends about Rashi's birth, especially the miracles wrought for his mother during her pregnancy, and about his father and his father's journeys outside France and meetings with various sages, including Maimonides. None of these legends is reliably documented, however, and nothing can be gleaned from them about the events of Rashi's life. Ultimately, they reflect the cultural world of Jewish society in the late Middle Ages—a time that saw the composition, in Jewish circles as in Christian, of numerous hagiographical works recounting the miracles performed for holy men. Rashi is renowned throughout the Jewish world not only for his wide-ranging literary productivity but also for his unique character. Five qualities stand out in his warm and radiant personality: humility and natural simplicity, pursuit of truth, concern for human dignity, great confidence in his own abilities, and a sense of mission as a community leader. These qualities are evident in his actions, his relations with other people, his ties to his students, his world-view, his scorn for arrogance, his love of peace, his literary output, and even in his writing style. The chapter then considers Rashi's status and fame.

scholarly journals Magische Alltagsvorstellungen und spätmittelalterliche Zaubereiprozesse in Tirol

2015 ◽  
pp. 409
Author(s):  
Hester Margreiter
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
World View ◽  
Legal Interpretation ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The People ◽  
Historical Function

Common Magical Concepts and Late-Medieval Sorcery Trials in TyrolThe beliefs of the people in the late Middle Ages went beyond the canonical doctrine of the Catholic Church, magic performances complemented the religion and its application has played a central role in coping with everyday life. The aim of the following paper is to discuss the historical function of magical ideas in social context, their importance for everyday life and world-view, and furthermore the criminalization, legal interpretation and prosecution of „magical crimes“. The conclusion tries to offer guidelines to distinguish between socially accepted magic and criminalized sorcery on the eve of the European witch hunting era.

scholarly journals Helgener over det hele: Polymorf middelalderkristendom i Vor Frue Kirke, Skive

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-234
Author(s):  
Nikolaj Skou Haritopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
World View ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
English Abstract ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Departure Point ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Religious Evolution ◽  
Scale Hierarchy

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Drawing on iconographic material in the form of a decora-tion of church frescoes from the year 1522 in the medieval parish church Vor Frue Kirke in Skive this article examines the Christian cult and mythology of saints in the Late Middle Ages as an expression of a polytheistic, systematizing world view. Tak-ing a theoretical departure point in Robert Bellah’s theory of religious evolution con-cerning archaic and axial forms of religion and within the medieval Christian world view the article performs an analysis of the catalogue of saints in Skive to determine which functions each saint seem to occupy in a pantheon and to uncover a grand scale hierarchy of the decoration as a whole. As a last thing the catalogue of saints is put further into the big comparative perspective within Bellah’s theoretical framework by a comparison to the ancient Mesopotamian kudurru of the Babylonian king Melishipak 2. as a typical archaic and analogistic system of gods. DANSK RESUMÉ: Med eksempel i ikonografisk materiale i form af en udsmykning af kalkmalerier fra år 1522 i den middelalderlige sognekirke Vor Frue Kirke i Skive bliver den senmiddelalderlige kristne helgenkult og -mytologi i denne artikel under-søgt som udtryk for en polyteistisk, systematiserende verdensopfattelse. Med teoretisk udgangspunkt i Robert Bellahs religionsevolutionære teori om arkaiske og aksiale religionsformer og i det middelalderkristne verdenssyn gives en analyse af helgenka-taloget i Skive med henblik på at kortlægge, hvilke funktioner hver helgen udfylder i et panteon, og at afdække en overordnet hierarkisering af udsmykningen. Afslut-ningsvis sættes helgenkataloget yderligere ind i et større komparativt perspektiv via en sammenligning med den babylonske kong Melishipak 2.’s kudurru som et typisk arkaisk-analogistisk system af guder.

Introduction

1996 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ariel Toaff
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
World View ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Archival Documentation ◽  
The Many

This introductory chapter provides an overview of the emergence of Jewish communities in the regions of central and northern Italy. The growth of these new communities, which archival documentation shows to have been surprisingly rapid and widespread, had its origin in the northward migration from Rome of Jewish merchants engaged in the money trade. This book explores the everyday life of the Jews of Umbria, which can act as a template for the reconstruction of the world-view of much of Italian Jewry in the late Middle Ages. Though many aspects of Christian society encroached on the Jewish way of life at this period, they rarely amounted to a brutal intrusion and were more usually felt as a constant and insidious influence, born of the unequal power-struggle between the opposing societies. The attempt to fit in brought with it not only a dawning awareness of the gulf that separated the Jews from their Christian counterparts but also a heightened sense of the divisions within the Jewish community itself. A true picture of Jewish community life in medieval Italy must therefore take account of the many pressures and contradictions acting from within and without.

The church in the West Highlands in the late middle ages

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-46
Author(s):  
A. D. M. Barrell
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
The West ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Church

Post-Non-Classical World View in the On-Screen Reality of the Digital Epoch

2015 ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Elena V. Nikolaeva
Keyword(s):  
World View ◽  
Dynamic Chaos ◽  
Digital Culture ◽  
Fractal Nature ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
First Order ◽  
Classical World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Strange Loops ◽  
Cultural World

The article analyzes the correlation between the screen reality and the first-order reality in the digital culture. Specific concepts of the scientific paradigm of the late 20th century are considered as constituent principles of the on-screen reality of the digital epoch. The study proves that the post-non-classical cultural world view, emerging from the dynamic “chaos” of informational and semantic rows of TV programs and cinematographic narrations, is of a fractal nature. The article investigates different types of fractality of the TV content and film plots, their inner and outer “strange loops” and artistic interpretations of the “butterfly effect”.

Forma Dat Esse

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-446
Author(s):  
Sylvain Roudaut
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Progressive Decline ◽  
De Trinitate ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Middle Ages

Abstract This paper offers an overview of the history of the axiom forma dat esse, which was commonly quoted during the Middle Ages to describe formal causality. The first part of the paper studies the origin of this principle, and recalls how the ambiguity of Boethius’s first formulation of it in the De Trinitate was variously interpreted by the members of the School of Chartres. Then, the paper examines the various declensions of the axiom that existed in the late Middle Ages, and shows how its evolution significantly follows the progressive decline of the Aristotelian model of formal causality.

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