The Contentions of Life
This chapter talks about how historians have re-evaluated the place of the Jews in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth as a whole and in their individual communities over the last generation. It gives details on how historians have come to regard Jews as not only “in” Poland but “of” Poland and how they are inextricably linked to the social, economic, and cultural processes of the country. G.D. Hundert, a major proponent of the new approach, insisted that to Polish Jews, “Poland was as much theirs as their neighbors.” However, the chapter explains that it does not mean the Jews were perfectly integrated in an American ideal-type pluralist society. It analyzes how Hundert was quick to point out that while Jews felt at home in their communities, there was no question that animus and tension were the governing qualities in relations between Jews and Christians.