IMPACT OF LOTTERY INCENTIVE ON RESPONSE RATE AND DATA QUALITY: EVIDENCE FROM ORGANIC FOOD CONSUMPTION SURVEY OF CONVENTIONAL SHOPPERS

Incentives of different forms and at different stages are used for motivating people to participate in human subject research. Although it is widely accepted that incentives, in general, play a positive role in increasing participation rate and are widely used, there are exceptions that they may not increase response rate and may even contaminate the quality of data resulting in poor research findings. This study examines the impact of pre- and post-disclosed committed lottery incentives on response rate and data quality in a face-to-face survey of conventional consumers for organic food consumption. A survey was conducted at the premises of four conventional grocery stores in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Half of the randomly approached and agreed upon respondents were disclosed the lottery incentives at the beginning, and the rest half were told at the end. Data quality was measured using three indicators – edit occurrences, imputation occurrences, and proportion of incomplete answers. Our study finds little difference in response rate between pre- and post-disclosed committed lottery payments. However, the useability of incomplete questionnaires among post-disclosed lottery was significantly higher than those of pre-disclosed. Our study also shows that people with likings of organic food and buying organic food more frequently are likely to offer a better quality of information.

VALIDATION OF THE FACTOR STRUCTURE OF THE HINDI VERSION OF RESILIENCE SCALE OF ADOLESCENTS IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT

The present study was designed to adapt a Resilience Scale, which examines the resilience level in adolescents of India’s Hindi speaking states. In the present study, 14 items from the Resilience Scale–R25, developed by Wagnild and Young (1993), were adapted in Hindi language in the Indian context. A total 1000 adolescent students from different Hindi speaking states of India responded to the R14 scale. To test the factorial structure of the R14, an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were performed, and the internal consistency of the scale was studied. The results supported scale multidimensionality. The obtained Cronbach’s alpha revealed good internal consistency with a value of .78. Based on the psychometric properties, it is concluded that R14 is a reliable measure to assess the resilience of the adolescents of Hindi speaking states of India.

POSITIVE PARENTING PROGRAM (TRIPLE P) IN IMPROVING SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING OF MOTHERS WITH DEAF CHILDREN

Subjective well-being is one indicator of an individual’s or a community’s quality of life. Individual life is said to have quality, not only in terms of economic freedom to choose and achieve what one desires, or in terms of social freedom to have the things one desires, but also in terms of individual sentiments of pleasure and displeasure, contentment, and discontent. If an individual frequently experiences happy feelings and achieves satisfaction in his life, this is evidence of subjective well-being. It is believed that moms of deaf children will achieve subjective well-being, allowing them to best cater for or service their children’s needs. The fact is that some mothers of deaf children are dissatisfied with their life in general. Mothers feel that their children become financial burdens to the family. The aim of the study was to see if the positive parenting program (Triple P) could improve mothers’ subjective well-being in children with hearing impairment. Mothers with hearing-impaired children who attended SLB B Yakut Purwokerto a total of 32 participants were the research subjects. The results of the subjective well-being scale’s difference power test reveal that there are seven invalid items/statements and ten valid items/statements, implying that the ten items/statements were employed to collect subjective well-being data. The t-test of pre-test to post-test results shows that the positive parenting program is successful in improving the subjective well-being of mothers who had deaf children.

THE POSSIBILITY OF INTEGRATING APPRAISAL THEORY AND PROXIMIZATION THEORY --- AN EXAMPLE OF THE ECONOMIST ON CHINA’S 100TH PARTY ANNIVERSARY

This paper reviews the past studies related to appraisal theory and proximization theory. This paper discusses the rationality of integrating appraisal theory and proximization theory from four aspects, that is, value orientation, epistemological basis, analysis of meaning, complementarity. The author argues that the two theories can complement each other and try to establish an analytical framework to point out the possibility for uniting two theories. At the same time, the analysis of the diachronic and synchronic social and cultural contexts from the historical discourse analysis is added to promote the historical gravitas of this study. At last, the author takes the American media’s coverage of China’s 100th anniversary of the Party as an example and conduct a specific analysis, with a view to providing a new attempt for the integration, innovation and development of linguistics under the new liberal arts perspective.

FACTORS INFLUENCING ONLINE VIOLENT BEHAVIORS AND APPROACHES TO EFFECT ONLINE VIOLENT BEHAVIORS

With the development of network information technology, the Internet is gradually playing a more and more important role in people’s work and life. The Internet brings convenience to people, meanwhile, the network violence behaviors become more and more. The purpose of this essay is to analyze the severe reality of online violence and identify possible related factors. Based on previous studies, this study selected two independent variables, social media experience and community behavior, from two aspects of environment and behavior respectively, and analyzed with online violence tendency as the dependent variable. The analysis results prove that social media experience and community behavior both have a positive effect on the behavioral intention of online violence. In order to curb the occurrence of cyber violence, the following suggestions are proposed based on the conclusions drawn above: (1) Establish a correct social media concept. (2) Strengthen social media moral education. (3) Standardize the personal behavior of Internet users.

THE ROLE OF EMOTION REGULATION AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN SELF-ESTEEM AND AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR TENDENCIES IN ADOLESCENT

Many cases of violence occur in schools in Yogyakarta. Many of these cases of violence involve students in the same school. Aggressiveness is a form of violence committed by teenagers in schools, disturbing the community. From previous studies on aggressive behavior tendencies, emotion regulation can be used as a mediator variable in aggressive behavior research. Research conducted reveals that emotion regulation helps a person change negative thoughts into positive ones, so the behavior that appears is constructive, not destructive. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of emotion regulation as a mediator between self-esteem and aggressive behavior tendencies in SMPN A students in Yogyakarta. In this study, emotion regulation is considered necessary in mediating the relationship between self-esteem and aggressive behavior tendencies. This study uses a quantitative survey method. The research subjects were students in grades 8 and 9, totaling 155 students of SMPN A in Yogyakarta and collecting data using a psychological scale measuring instrument. The scales used include the Aggressiveness scale, Self-Esteem Scale, and Emotion Regulation scale. Analysis of the data used is mediation analysis regression. This study found that the role of self-esteem on the tendency of aggressive behavior by controlling emotional regulation was p> 0.05 (p=0.706). The research conducted shows that Emotion Regulation as a Mediator of the Role of Self-Esteem on the Tendency of Aggressive Behavior. Emotion regulation has a fully mediating role.

A FEMINIST READING OF UNCLE TOM’S CABIN

Published in 1852, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, or Life Among the Lowly, introduces the world to the tribulations of the enslaved African Americans. While as a woman writer, Harriet Beecher Stowe also pays close attention to female power and consciousness apart from the abolitionism in her work. Through the analysis of women’s domesticity and women’s strength in Uncle Tom’s Cabin, this paper attempts to fathom into Stowe’s feminist ideas manifested in this book, therefore colors the understanding of this literary canon.

THE CULTURAL CONNOTATION OF PRAYERS AND INNOVATIVE FORMS OF FOLK PILLOW TOP

As a kind of folk art, pillow top has rich cultural connotation and innovative vitality of expressions. By analyzing the auspicious symbolic elements of pillow top art and emotional expressions such as praying for wealth and fame, beauty and love, blessing and longevity, good fortune, and reproductive worship, this paper extracts the pattern and color matching elements suitable for innovative design to show the forms of expression. The theme of pillow top pattern is mostly auspicious symbols representing auspicious meaning, which is reflected in people’s daily life, that is, the emotional expression of blessing culture. The culture of praying for blessings continues to modern times and has permeated people’s daily life. Pillow top art can seek innovative forms of expression with the help of its rich emotional language and auspicious symbolic elements, and with reference to the successful cases of Taiwan’s cultural and creative products.

THE EFFECT OF AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP ON ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR: THE MODERATING ROLE OF ORGANIZATIONAL POLITICS

Leaders are systems’ fundamental piece and the effect factor for the forces impacted by the system. For this reason, the current study sought to investigate the effect of authentic leadership on organisational citizenship behaviour. It also examined the moderating role of organizational politics in the context of Ghana. The population for the study was teaching and non-teaching staff at the University of Education Winneba in Ghana. There were 237 samples. Data were obtained using the questionnaire. The research design used for the study was quantitative research with a descriptive study and this study has been used for explanatory purposes. The quantitative tool the researcher used to analyse data was Microsoft Excel, Amos, Process Macro, and statistical package for social sciences (SPSS 21). Findings revealed that authentic leadership had insignificant impact on organizational citizenship behaviour. Results also showed a positive but insignificant moderating role of organizational politics on the relationship between authentic leadership and organizational citizenship behaviour. The study recommended that institutions and businesses should not take note of authentic leadership to influence employees’ behaviours and should not consider organizational politics in addressing the decrease in employees’ behaviour.

STUDIES ON PERSONA OF THE THREE PROTAGONISTS IN REBECCA

Rebecca, written by Daphne du Maurier, the well-known British female writer in 20th century, is a masterpiece suffused with suspense and mystery. Since its publication in 1938, it had caused quite a sensation among readers and became an instant best seller that had never gone out of print. In the existing studies of the novel, most scholars laid their emphasis on character analysis, feminism criticism, narratology, gothic writing and psychoanalysis. However, the analysis of the personality of the Protagonist from Carl Jung’s Archetypal theory is rarely seen, moreover, no one has yet made a comprehensive study of the persona of three protagonists under Jung’s persona theory. By analyzing the persona of both the male protagonist, Maxim, and the two female protagonists, Rebecca and “I”, and exploring reasons resulting in their imbalanced persona, hopefully this paper could render a new approach to reveal the theme of the novel and interpret Daphne du Maurier’s dilemma in her bisexuality. In this paper, three parts are presented. The first part initially makes a survey of previous studies on the novel both at home and abroad, and then introduces Carl Jung’s persona theory. The second analyzes the three protagonists’ persona in detail: Maxim’s overdeveloped person, the nameless narrator’s underdeveloped persona and Rebecca’s well-balanced person; the last part explores reasons resulting in their different personas, mainly from two perspectives: the social background and Daphne du Maurier’s ambivalence about her bisexuality.