In vitro Antioxidant Potential and Oxidative DNA Damage Protecting Activity of the Ethanol Extracts of Cacalia firma Komar

Abstract. Purushothaman A, Ganesh A, Meenatchi P, Sundaram R, Venkataramanan. 2020. Antioxidant potential of Eclipta alba, a traditional medicinal herb attenuates oxidative DNA damage in vitro. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 73-78. The plant Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. is an important plant used in the traditional Ayurvedic, Unani systems of holistic health and herbal medicine of the East. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and DNA damage protection activities of ethanolic extract of E. alba. Quantitative analysis of total phenolic content (TPC) and identification of bioactive components using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) was performed to provide scientific basis for traditional usage of this plant. To investigate the antioxidant potential, extracts were tested for their capacity to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and Superoxide radicals (O2•-). DNA damage protective activity of ethanol extract of E. alba was checked on pBluescript M13+ plasmid DNA. The Plasmid DNA was oxidized with H2O2 + UV treatment in the absence and presence of different concentrations of E. alba extract (75, 150, and 300 μg/mL). Electrophoresis was performed using 1% agarose at 40 V for 3 h in the presence of ethidium bromide. Gel was scanned on a Gel documentation system. Bands on the gels corresponding to supercoiled circular, circular relaxed, and linearized DNA were quantified. The results of preliminary phytochemical screening of E. alba extract showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, and tannins. The extract was found to have rich phenolics content of 26.38 ± 2.45 milligram of gallic acid equivalents (mg GAE/g). The extract exhibited excellent antioxidant activities. GC-MS analysis of the extract confirmed the presence of major active principles. Furthermore, the extract significantly inhibited DNA damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Altogether, the results of current study revealed that E. alba is a potential source of antioxidants and provides pharmacological credibility to the ethnomedicinal use of this plant in traditional system of medicine, also justifying its therapeutic application in oxidative damage induced diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders.

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Effects of ethanol extracts from stalked sea squirt (Styela clava) on antioxidant potential, oxidative DNA damage and DNA repair

Food Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s10068-010-0145-4 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 1035-1040 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jae-Hee Park ◽

Bo-Young Seo ◽

Seung-Cheol Lee ◽

Eunju Park

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Dna Repair ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Styela Clava ◽

Sea Squirt ◽

Ethanol Extracts

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ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE PREVENTIVE ACTIVITY OFCHRYSANTHEMUM INDICUMEXTRACTS

Journal of Food Biochemistry ◽

10.1111/j.1745-4514.2011.00644.x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 440-448 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

TRISHNA DEBNATH ◽

HAI LAN JIN ◽

MD ABUL HASNAT ◽

YUNSUK KIM ◽

NADIRA BINTE SAMAD ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Preventive Activity

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Oxidative DNA Damage Preventive Activity and Antioxidant Potential ofStevia rebaudiana(Bertoni) Bertoni, a Natural Sweetener

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry ◽

10.1021/jf071892q ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (26) ◽

pp. 10962-10967 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

Srijani Ghanta ◽

Anindita Banerjee ◽

Avijit Poddar ◽

Sharmila Chattopadhyay

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Preventive Activity

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Beta-carotene enhances the recovery of lymphocytes from oxidative DNA damage.

Acta Biochimica Polonica ◽

10.18388/abp.1998_4300 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 183-190 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

L Fillion ◽

A Collins ◽

S Southon

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Oxidative Damage ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Enhanced Recovery ◽

Beta Carotene ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Causal Mechanism ◽

Strand Breaks

Epidemiological studies have revealed a strong correlation between high intake of fruit and vegetables and low incidence of certain cancers. Micronutrients present in these foods are thought to decrease free radical attack on DNA and hence protect against mutations that cause cancer, but the fine details of the causal mechanism have still to be elucidated. Whether dietary factors can modulate DNA repair--a crucial element in the avoidance of carcinogenesis--is an intriguing question that has not yet been satisfactorily answered. In order to investigate the effects of beta-carotene on oxidative damage and its repair, volunteers were given a single 45 mg dose and lymphocytes taken before and after the supplement were treated in vitro with H2O2. DNA strand breaks and oxidised pyrimidines were measured at intervals, to monitor the removal of oxidative DNA damage. We found inter-individual variations in response. In cases where the baseline plasma beta-carotene concentration was high, or where supplementation increased the plasma concentration, recovery from oxidative damage (i.e. removal of both oxidised pyrimidines and strand breaks) was relatively rapid. However, what seems to be an enhancement of repair might in fact represent an amelioration of the continuing oxidative stress encountered by the lymphocytes under in vitro culture conditions. We found that culture in a 5% oxygen atmosphere enhanced recovery of lymphocytes from H2O2 damage.

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In Vitro Studies on Pesticide-Induced Oxidative DNA Damage

Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A Chemistry ◽

10.18596/jotcsa.67098 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 479

Author(s):

Özlem Demirci ◽

Bircan Çeken Toptancı ◽

Murat Kızıl

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

In Vitro Studies

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Molecular Mechanisms of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle-Induced Genotoxicity

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma10121427 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1427 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Agmal Scherzad ◽

Till Meyer ◽

Norbert Kleinsasser ◽

Stephan Hackenberg

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Mammalian Cells ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Consumer Products ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Cytotoxic Effects

Background: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are among the most frequently applied nanomaterials in consumer products. Evidence exists regarding the cytotoxic effects of ZnO NPs in mammalian cells; however, knowledge about the potential genotoxicity of ZnO NPs is rare, and results presented in the current literature are inconsistent. Objectives: The aim of this review is to summarize the existing data regarding the DNA damage that ZnO NPs induce, and focus on the possible molecular mechanisms underlying genotoxic events. Methods: Electronic literature databases were systematically searched for studies that report on the genotoxicity of ZnO NPs. Results: Several methods and different endpoints demonstrate the genotoxic potential of ZnO NPs. Most publications describe in vitro assessments of the oxidative DNA damage triggered by dissoluted Zn2+ ions. Most genotoxicological investigations of ZnO NPs address acute exposure situations. Conclusion: Existing evidence indicates that ZnO NPs possibly have the potential to damage DNA. However, there is a lack of long-term exposure experiments that clarify the intracellular bioaccumulation of ZnO NPs and the possible mechanisms of DNA repair and cell survival.

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Induction of oxidative DNA damage and enhancement of cell proliferation in human lymphocytes in vitro by butylated hydroxyanisole

Carcinogenesis ◽

10.1093/carcin/16.3.507 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 507-512 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

P.A.E.L. Schilderman ◽

E. Rhijnsburger ◽

I. Zwingmann ◽

J.C.S. Kleinjans

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Human Lymphocytes ◽

Butylated Hydroxyanisole

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The Radiosensitizing Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Sub-Cytotoxic Dosing Is Associated with Oxidative Stress In Vitro

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12244062 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (24) ◽

pp. 4062

Author(s):

Till Jasper Meyer ◽

Agmal Scherzad ◽

Helena Moratin ◽

Thomas Eckert Gehrke ◽

Julian Killisperger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Dna Damage ◽

Zinc Oxide ◽

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Clonogenic Survival ◽

Oxide Nanoparticles ◽

Radiosensitizing Effect ◽

Primary Fibroblasts

Radioresistance is an important cause of head and neck cancer therapy failure. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) mediate tumor-selective toxic effects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential for radiosensitization of ZnO-NP. The dose-dependent cytotoxicity of ZnO-NP20 nm and ZnO-NP100 nm was investigated in FaDu and primary fibroblasts (FB) by an MTT assay. The clonogenic survival assay was used to evaluate the effects of ZnO-NP alone and in combination with irradiation on FB and FaDu. A formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase (FPG)-modified single-cell microgel electrophoresis (comet) assay was applied to detect oxidative DNA damage in FB as a function of ZnO-NP and irradiation exposure. A significantly increased cytotoxicity after FaDu exposure to ZnO-NP20 nm or ZnO-NP100 nm was observed in a concentration of 10 µg/mL or 1 µg/mL respectively in 30 µg/mL of ZnO-NP20 nm or 20 µg/mL of ZnO-NP100 nm in FB. The addition of 1, 5, or 10 µg/mL ZnO-NP20 nm or ZnO-NP100 nm significantly reduced the clonogenic survival of FaDu after irradiation. The sub-cytotoxic dosage of ZnO-NP100 nm increased the oxidative DNA damage compared to the irradiated control. This effect was not significant for ZnO-NP20 nm. ZnO-NP showed radiosensitizing properties in the sub-cytotoxic dosage. At least for the ZnO-NP100 nm, an increased level of oxidative stress is a possible mechanism of the radiosensitizing effect.

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