scholarly journals CORRECTION OF A DESIGNED BUILDING'S HEAT BALANCE ACCORDING TO ITS REAL HEAT CONSUMPTION

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Kęstutis Čiuprinskas ◽  
Vytautas Martinaitis
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Heat Consumption ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Heat Demand ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
Building Heat ◽  
Building Parameters

One of the most important issues in the implementation of energy saving measures is a proper evaluation of possible energy savings. If energy savings are overestimated in an energy audit (EA), a situation may occur where after the renovation, the implemented energy saving measures is not paid back or their pay back time is longer than expected before the funds (mostly loaned) were invested. To avoid such a situation, the procedure of a building's energy audit should involve the correction of calculated heat balance according to its real heat consumption, recalculated to the nonnative conditions. In manipulating different building parameters of not exact meanings, it is necessary to attain that the building's heat demand before renovation (theoretically calculated by the same methodology and parameters as demand after renovation) would be as close as possible to the actual heat consumption, recalculated under normative conditions. Only after such a fitting of the actual and theoretical heat demands (decomposition of building heat balance and correction of its components) is it possible to have a reasonable assessment of the feasible heat savings, after the implementation of heat saving measures. The aim of this work is to disclose some peculiarities of building heat balance that is used for energy audit calculations of existing buildings, to offer a calculation methodology evaluating these peculiarities, to show evidently the importance of the investigated problem.

scholarly journals Reinforcement Learning-Based BEMS Architecture for Energy Usage Optimization

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (17) ◽  
pp. 4918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanguk Park ◽  
Sangmin Park ◽  
Myeong-in Choi ◽  
Sanghoon Lee ◽  
Tacklim Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Existing Buildings ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Oriented Energy ◽  
Usage Data

Currently, many intelligent building energy management systems (BEMSs) are emerging for saving energy in new and existing buildings and realizing a sustainable society worldwide. However, installing an intelligent BEMS in existing buildings does not realize an innovative and advanced society because it only involves simple equipment replacement (i.e., replacement of old equipment or LED (Light Emitting Diode) lamps) and energy savings based on a stand-alone system. Therefore, artificial intelligence (AI) is applied to a BEMS to implement intelligent energy optimization based on the latest ICT (Information and Communications Technologies) technology. AI can analyze energy usage data, predict future energy requirements, and establish an appropriate energy saving policy. In this paper, we present a dynamic heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) scheduling method that collects, analyzes, and infers energy usage data to intelligently save energy in buildings based on reinforcement learning (RL). In this regard, a hotel is used as the testbed in this study. The proposed method collects, analyzes, and infers IoT data from a building to provide an energy saving policy to realize a futuristic HVAC (heating system) system based on RL. Through this process, a purpose-oriented energy saving methodology to achieve energy saving goals is proposed.

scholarly journals Implementation of Innovative Energy Saving Projects to Strengthen the Competitiveness of Domestic Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-196
Author(s):  
Olha SOBKO ◽  
Ihor KRYSOVATYY ◽  
Svitlana SMEREKA
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Alternative Energy Sources ◽  
Power Stations

The article deals with the features of innovative projects launch of the energy saving on the enterprises of Ukraine, the necessity of research of essence and specific of introduction of such projects is substantiated concerning the energy-savings on enterprises, their place in the system of economic relations is examined. Foreign experience of market of innovative projects introduction of the energy-saving is investigated, that is one of the basic component elements of effective competition which is beneficial in innovative activity of enterprises, which means the launch of innovative developments, new technologies, knowledge, information. The basic most effective districting over of territory of Ukraine is demonstrated, where realization of innovative projects of the energy efficiency introduction and energy-savings of sunny power stations and surface windy power stations is carried out. Considerable technically accessible potential of power mediums production of redintegrated energy and alternative types of fuel sources in Ukraine is revealed. The basic barriers over introduction of innovative projects in the market of energy-savings are shown, in particular: limited access to technologies and innovations, high cost of services in energy efficiency, lack of skilled specialists, sub-zero quality of suggestion of services in energy efficiency in the market etc. Attention is focused on using of project management for realization of innovative projects, as a basic tool of management, in particular to the energy management and energy audit, and their basic tasks on an enterprise are given. The basic strategic constituents regarding the development of fuel and energy complex of Ukraine and its competitiveness are pointed out, as well the use of alternative energy sources on a period to 2035, that is mentioned in operating Power strategy «Safety, energy efficiency, competitiveness». The mechanism of electric power production stimulation of iterated sources in Ukraine is demonstrated which means the «Green» price for the subjects of managing that produce power from the solar and wind energy.

scholarly journals Studi Manajemen Energi di Rumah Sakit Prima Medika Denpasar

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Cecep Yudhie Rachmat ◽  
I Nyoman Satya Kumara ◽  
I.A.D Giriantari
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Initial Energy ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Intensity Index ◽  
Total Potential ◽  
Consumption Intensity ◽  
Office Equipment

Abstract—Prima Medika Hospital is a nationally accredited hospital with the highest category or Plenary in 2016. With the highest patient visit rate of 59,289 people in 2017 and an average occupancy rate of 79.89% is entered into the ideal category with electricity consumption of 2,299,077 kWh / year. Electricity expenses come from 5 equipment groups, namely: lighting equipment group 20.08%, equipment for air arrangement system 56.12%, medical equipment 8.92%, office equipment 5.30% and utilities utilities 9.57%. From the initial energy audit calculation, the Energy Consumption Intensity index is 344.23 kWh / m² / year and this is included in the Intensive Energy category or shows wasteful energy use. Energy conservation efforts will be carried out on all equipment groups, especially to the equipment of the air structuring system which is the biggest energy absorber starting from the assumption of equipment operating hour patterns and then searching for energy-saving potentials starting from the lighting equipment group in the form of lamp replacement with Light type Emitting Diode, from the office equipment group with the control of operating hours of Dispenser equipment and from the group of air structuring equipment with the replacement of standard AC technology into AC inverters, the total potential of electricity energy savings was 613,813.2 kwh / year or 26.70% so if the proposed Energy Saving Opportunity can be implemented then the final value can be reduced to 252.33 kWh / m² / Year or included in the Energy Standard category or already efficient

scholarly journals Ranking energy performance opportunities obtained with energy audit in dairies

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5 Part A) ◽  
pp. 2865-2878
Author(s):  
Mladen Josijevic ◽  
Vanja Sustersic ◽  
Dusan Gordic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Milk Processing

The food industry uses a considerable amount of energy and that amount has been constantly growing with further developments in the sector. The growth of the milk processing industries with the production of dairy products has followed the trends in the food industry in general. The authors made a systematization of the literature data on the most common energy efficiency opportunities (measures) in diaries. Authors also present a methodology for conducting an energy audit in dairies based on ISO 50002 which includes a multi-criteria analysis for ranking energy efficiency opportunities. The proposed methodology was applied to a case study dairy in central Serbia. Taking into account interactions between opportunities, implementation of the proposed energy saving opportunities can ensure 11-15% energy savings for electricity and 20-23% of heat energy annually.

scholarly journals One the issue of the energy and resource saving

2021 ◽  
Vol 262 ◽  
pp. 01027
Author(s):  
Zalimkhan Kudaev ◽  
Aslan Kumakhov ◽  
Amur Fiapshev ◽  
Irina Anikina ◽  
Sergey Oskin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
National Issue

The issues of energy and resource saving are now especially relevant. In recent years, energy costs have skyrocketed, becoming a national issue. Considering all the factors of heat loss during design, it is possible to plan the required amount of energy. This will allow to achieve the so-called “heat balance”. Currently, there are a huge number of energy audit companies in the country that work without budget funds, without implementing the tasks assigned to them. However, the law requires them to comply with the deadlines during which the owners of the objects must obtain passports. Under such conditions, auditor companies began to use approximate data, which identify the energy potential of enterprises. When identifying the potential, data are used that were given under different conditions and circumstances. At the regional level, auditors themselves find individuals capable of financing their activities, and implement the energy saving programs. All of the above omissions lead to the fact that the analysis is not accurate, which causes mistrust.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Solutions for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

Proceedings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Joanna Southernwood ◽  
Grigoris K. Papagiannis ◽  
Erudino Llano Güemes ◽  
Luisa Sileni
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Effective Energy ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Energy Audits ◽  
Innovative Capacity

Few small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have undertaken an energy audit to date and even fewer have taken action to implement energy-saving measures. Lack of time, knowledge, and finance, coupled with the low priority that SMEs give to energy management, are the most commonly cited barriers to effective energy management in SMEs. Four projects funded by Horizon 2020 (SPEEDIER, SMEmPower Efficiency, E2DRIVER, and Innoveas) have developed innovative capacity-building programmes designed to eliminate these barriers and encourage SMEs to undertake energy audits and implement the recommended energy efficiency measures. This paper presents an overview of the innovations being tested and suggests a series of policy recommendations that could help to drive uptake of energy audits in SMEs.

scholarly journals Energy Saving and Charging Discharging Characteristics of Multiple PCMs Subjected to Internal Air Flow

Fluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Ahmed J. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Air Heating ◽  
Room Model ◽  
Model Temperature

One essential utilization of phase change materials as energy storage materials is energy saving and temperature control in air conditioning and indirect solar air drying systems. This study presents an experimental investigation evaluating the characteristics and energy savings of multiple phase change materials subjected to internal flow in an air heating system during charging and discharging cycles. The experimental tests were conducted using a test rig consisting of two main parts, an air supply duct and a room model equipped with phase change materials (PCMs) placed in rectangular aluminum panels. Analysis of the results was based on three test cases: PCM1 (Paraffin wax) placed in the air duct was used alone in the first case; PCM2 (RT–42) placed in the room model was used alone in the second case; and in the third case, the two PCMs (PCM1 and PCM2) were used at the same time. The results revealed a significant improvement in the energy savings and room model temperature control for the air heating system incorporated with multiple PCMs compared with that of a single PCM. Complete melting during the charging cycle occurred at temperatures in the range of 57–60 °C for PCM1 and 38–43 °C for PCM2, respectively, thereby validating the reported PCMs’ melting–solidification results. Multiple PCMs maintained the room air temperature at the desired range of 35–45.2 °C in the air heating applications by minimizing the air temperature fluctuations. The augmentation in discharging time and improvement in the room model temperature using multiple PCMs were about 28.4% higher than those without the use of PCMs. The total energy saving using two PCMs was higher by about 29.5% and 46.7% compared with the use of PCM1 and PCM2, respectively. It can be concluded that multiple PCMs have revealed higher energy savings and thermal stability for the air heating system considered in the current study.

Evaluation methods of the daylight performance and potential energy saving of tubular daylight guide systems: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2199241
Author(s):  
Hanlin Li ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Yanping Yuan ◽  
Lijun Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Performance Metrics ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Energy Saving ◽  
Daylight Performance

In the past 30 years, tubular daylight guide systems (TDGSs) have become one of the most popular ways to transport outdoor natural light into the inner space in building design. However, tubular daylight guide systems are not widely used because of the lack of methods to evaluate methods on the suitability of the TDGSs. This study therefore summarizes the daylight performance metrics of TDGSs and presents the estimation methods in terms of field measurements, simulation and empirical formulae. This study focuses on the daylight performance and potential energy savings of TDGSs. Moreover, this study will be helpful for building designers to build healthy, comfortable and energy-saving indoor environment.

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