scholarly journals DOES FAITH HAS IMPACT ON INVESTMENT RETURN: EVIDENCE FROM REITS

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 378-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Zhang ◽  
Tiezhu Sun ◽  
Zilong Wang ◽  
Vishnu Raj Kumar ◽  
Yechi Ma
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Investment Return ◽  
Investment Returns

This paper investigates whether faith has impact on investment returns. Specifically, we choose the Shariah compliance and REITs investment for the purpose of investigation. Synthetic Shariah compliant portfolios are constructed with various interpretation of compliance. We compare the performance of Shariah compliant portfolios with US Equity REIT portfolio during 1993–2017 by examining the abnormal returns using CAPM and Carhart four-factor model. We find no evidence of underperformance or outperformance of the Shariah compliant investments. This is also true during the financial crisis periods which is confirmed by the sub-sample analysis. Our findings suggest that Shariah compliant REIT investor faces no cost or gain in his investments as a result of his faith.

The Determinants of Merger Withdrawals’ Abnormal Returns in The Australian Market

2015 ◽  
pp. 89-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thuy Nguyen Thu ◽  
Giang Dao Thi Thu ◽  
Hoang Truong Huy
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Event Study ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Market Response ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Valuation Effects ◽  
Event Study Method ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Method Of Payment ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the abnormal returns in merger withdrawals in Australia, especially distinguishing the market response between private and public targets. We also study the determinants of those abnormal returns, including the method of payment and the impact of financial crisis periods. Using the event study method, we document that in the Australian context, the announced withdrawal of mergers involving private targets creates significantly negative valuation effects in comparison with the valuation effects in withdrawal of mergers involving public targets. We also find that a financial crisis period strongly affects abnormal returns of merger withdrawals. However, the method of payment does not have any impact on the abnormal returns.

scholarly journals Minnesota—too late for a Sovereign Wealth Fund?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. McIntosh ◽  
Neil A. Wilmot ◽  
Adrienne Dinneen ◽  
Jason F. Shogren
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Sovereign Wealth Funds ◽  
Funding Mechanism ◽  
Investment Return ◽  
Investment Returns ◽  
Fund Size ◽  
Forward Looking

AbstractTen states have created natural-resource-based Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWF) to allow a fraction of the wealth derived from the extraction of non-renewable resources to be available for future use. Minnesota does not have a SWF, even though companies have been mining in the state for over 100 years. Herein, we present backward and forward-looking scenarios to estimate the potential magnitude of a “what-if” extraction-based fund. A 1.5% of value tax is suggested as an SWF funding mechanism. Based on historical extraction, prices, and investment returns, a large SWF could already exist. In the forward-looking section, we begin by econometrically estimating the supply and demand of US iron ore production to better understand how an increase in mining taxes would likely effect mining output (i.e., the production effect). After accounting for an estimated 4% production loss, results suggest enough minerals could still be extracted to create a permanent fund with between $930 million (US) and $1.6 billion dollars (US) in direct contributions by 2050 (depending on price). Using reasonable assumptions of a 2% inflation rate and a 5% annual investment return, the fund size could range from $3 billion to $5 billion by 2050.

scholarly journals Abnormal Returns or Mismeasured Risk? Network Effects and Risk Spillover in Stock Returns

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Bhattacharjee ◽  
Sudipto Roy
Keyword(s):  
Stock Returns ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Recent Event ◽  
Dow Jones Industrial Average ◽  
Abnormal Stock Returns ◽  
Short Event

Recent event study literature has highlighted abnormal stock returns, particularly in short event windows. A common explanation is the cross-correlation of stock returns that are often enhanced during periods of sharp market movements. This suggests the misspecification of the underlying factor model, typically the Fama-French model. By drawing upon recent panel data literature with cross-section dependence, we argue that the Fame-French factor model can be enriched by allowing explicitly for network effects between stock returns. We show that recent empirical work is consistent with the above interpretation, and we advance some hypotheses along which new structural models for stock returns may be developed. Applied to data on stock returns for the 30 Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) stocks, our framework provides exciting new insights.

scholarly journals Seeking Negative Alphas Through Shorting

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1488-1506
Author(s):  
Azhar Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Capital Asset Pricing ◽  
Short Sellers ◽  
Complete Market ◽  
Short Interest ◽  
Buy Back

Shorting involves selling stocks that one does not own. Advocates of shorting argue that it is needed to make the financial market a two-way (complete) market in which investors with bearish opinions can participate. To gain from shorting, short sellers hope to buy back the shorted stocks at a lower price. Obtaining ‘negative’ alphas or abnormal returns is thus desirable for short sellers as they imply the underperformance of the stocks and that a profit has been realized. Abnormal returns, according to Fama (1998), are anomalies that tend to disappear when reasonable changes are made to the methodology used to measure them. Diamond and Verrecchia (1987), however, theorize and argue a priori that an unusually large increase in short interest will be followed by a period of negative abnormal returns. Short interest is equal to the number of shorted shares divided by the number of shares available to be shorted. Using daily short interest data for stocks traded on the London Stock Exchange for the period of September 2003 to April 2010, we employ an event study to investigate the effects that follow shorting. Alphas and abnormal returns are measured according to the Market Model (MM), the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) and the Fama–French Three-factor Model (FF3F), and are estimated using different estimation windows of 60 and 120 days. In all the methodologies under study, we find significant negative alphas following shorting.

Financier Search and Boundaries of the Angel and VC Markets

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1223-1249
Author(s):  
Gurupdesh Pandher
Keyword(s):  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Risk Preferences ◽  
Venture Capitalists ◽  
Entrepreneurial Finance ◽  
Initial Value ◽  
Agency Model ◽  
Investment Return ◽  
Investment Returns ◽  
Venture Funding ◽  
Funding Cycle

This paper studies how critical entrepreneurial finance outcomes such as the investment return and equity division are shaped by venture characteristics, financier risk preferences, and competitive searching. Our analysis uses a double-hazard agency model in which financiers determine the equity division to maximize the expected utility of their investment return while entrepreneurs search for the best deal. Model results provide new theoretical insights on the venture funding cycle, the coexistence of angels/venture capitalists (VCs) with heterogeneous risk aversion, and risk separation in the entrepreneurial finance market. The model predicts that financiers with higher funding capacity and advisory capabilities (e.g., VC firms) will prefer to fund at later stages as their expected investment return rises with the venture’s initial value and financier productivity. Competitive searching by entrepreneurs enables financiers with a diverse set of risk preferences to coexist profitably by reducing the advantage (disadvantage) of lower (higher) risk aversion financiers and making investment returns more similar. Further, the model shows the emergence of a risk separation cutoff beyond which only angels/VCs with lower levels of risk aversion can profitably fund riskier ventures.

Profit Analysis of Short Term Weekly Momentum Strategy in the Korean Stock Market

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-569
Author(s):  
Jun Ho Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Stock Market ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Momentum Strategy ◽  
Momentum Strategies ◽  
Price Limit ◽  
Holding Period ◽  
Momentum Profits ◽  
Korean Stock Market

This paper shows the momentum strategies that selected stocks based on their returns from a past 1 week generate long lasting significant abnormal returns. I observe the negative momentum profit from 1 week momentum portfolio and it disappears when the holding period is longer than 22 week. In addition, I empirically shows that the weekly momentum strategies are able to generate negative profits also after the financial crisis. it is opposite result with literature, reported positive momentum after the financial crisis, I realize this result due to the characteristic of short term weekly momentum and market adjust returns. The price limit is one of the big features of Korean stock market. I consider the set of sample period by change of price limit. I find the positive momentum profits only in the period of narrow price limit range. For the check on the relation between liquidity and profit of momentum strategy, I employ the illiquid measure of Amihud (2002). I find that the strong and long lasting negative momentum profit from illiquid stock portfolio. This result implied that liquidity enhances the profit of momentum.

Systemic operational risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Kaspereit ◽  
Kerstin Lopatta ◽  
Suren Pakhchanyan ◽  
Jörg Prokop
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Operational Risk ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Market Reactions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Stock Market Reactions ◽  
High Degree

Purpose The aim of this paper is to study the information content of operational loss events occurring at European financial institutions with respect to the announcing bank’s industry rivals from an equity investor’s perspective. Design/methodology/approach The authors conduct an event study to identify spillover effects of operational loss events using the Carhart (1997) four-factor model as a benchmark model. In addition, they conduct multiple regression analyses to investigate the extent to which firm-specific factors or the market environment affect abnormal returns. Findings They observe significant negative abnormal returns following operational loss announcements exceeding € 50 million for both the announcing firms and their competitors. In addition, they find that stock market reactions occur only within a very small event window around the announcement date, indicating a high degree of market efficiency. Finally, abnormal returns tend to be insignificant for smaller loss amounts. Originality/value While operational risk is often believed to be strictly firm-specific, the results show that large operational risk events are not purely idiosyncratic; rather, they are systemic in the sense that they have contagious effects on non-event banks. Thus, the authors shed new light on how operational risk affects equity investors’ investment behaviour in an opaque and highly interconnected banking market.

scholarly journals What Factors Affect Stocks’ Abnormal Return during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Data from the Indonesia Stock Exchange

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yohanes Indrayono
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
Early Period ◽  
World Health ◽  
Book Value ◽  
Market Capitalization

This study identifies Indonesian investors’ reactions to the drop in stock prices on the Indonesia Stock Exchange market, during the early months of the COVID-19 crisis, before and after the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that its global spread constitutes a pandemic. It also explores variables that influence stock returns on this market during the financial crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study uses a regression analysis of 70 firms, listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange to examine the pandemic’s influence on trading volume, market capitalization, profitability, and book value for the period December 31, 2019, to April 30, 2020. The results show that stock returns were lower in the early period of the financial crisis caused by the pandemic. Firms’ trading volumes, profitability and book values positively affected stock returns and their market capitalization negatively affected stock returns during the study period. This study contributes useful insights to the finance literature and stock-market participants in terms of dealing with stock markets during financial crises. This study recommends that in any crisis investors should begin buying stocks or increasing their stock purchases to achieve abnormal returns by choosing stocks that perform well in terms of firm profitability and book value by looking a number of financial factors.

scholarly journals Desempenho e Persistência de Hedge Funds Brasileiros Durante a Crise Financeira

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 525
Author(s):  
Gustavo Passarelli Giroud Joaquim ◽  
Marcelo Leite Moura
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Hedge Funds ◽  
Hedge Fund ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Daily Data ◽  
Time Frames

This study investigates the performance and persistence of the Brazilian hedge fund market using daily data from September 2007 to February 2011, a period marked by what was characterized by many as the world’s worst financial crisis since the great depression of the 1930s. Despite the financial turmoil, the results indicate the existence of a representative group of funds with abnormal returns and evidence of a joint persistence of funds with time frames of one to three months. Individual evaluations of the funds, however, indicate a reduced number of persistent funds.

scholarly journals Testing Multi-Factor Models in ADRs: Emerging Market vs. Developed Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
Tingting Que ◽  
Wai Yin Mok ◽  
Kit Yee Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Premium ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Abnormal Returns ◽  
International Market ◽  
Market Risk Premium ◽  
Developed Markets ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

This paper tests whether the Carhart four-factor model and the Fama-French five-factor model can explain variation in returns of 1,230 ADRs originating from six developed markets and five emerging markets. We aim to compare emerging market ADRs with developed market ADRs in terms of traditional risk factors significance, model fitness and the existence of abnormal returns. Overall, we find that substantial variations exist among ADRs by their origin-of-market. First, both models show that most of the positive abnormal returns we document accrue to emerging market ADRs, mainly Chinese ADRs. Among the risk factors, market risk premium is found to be most prevalent in both emerging and developed markets. Although we find some difference in the presence of particular risk factors employed in the four-factor vs. five-factor model, overall, there are no significant differences in the explanation power between the two models. Lastly, the low R2 values imply that both models do not work very well with the international market ADRs. 

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