scholarly journals THE PROCESS OF LAYING CONCRETE AND ANALYSIS OF OPERATIONS APPLYING THE LEAN APPROACH / BETONAVIMO PROCESO IR OPERACIJŲ ANALIZĖ TAIKANT LEAN METODIKĄ

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-310
Author(s):  
Vidmantas Gramauskas
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Lean Principles ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Operation Analysis ◽  
A Value ◽  
Fiber Concrete ◽  
Value Stream Map

The paper considers Lean philosophy ‘Just in Time’, a value stream map and total quality management principles applying them to the construction. In order to follow these principles, a case study was performed, thus observing and recording the process of laying concrete in three houses where a lower ground floor was casted employing fiber concrete. The collected data were required to fragment the process of laying concrete into smaller operations and examine each operation independently. The examination of operations was introduced in certain units of measurement – time, the number of workers, cubic meters of concrete used, space area, etc. This information helped with distinguishing useful operations from useless actions bringing no value to the product. The previously mentioned methods can be applied to useless operations to reduce their duration or even eliminate them. The main problem is the process of laying concrete splitting it into smaller operations, operation analysis and adaptation of Lean principles. The implementation of Lean system can reduce waste and increase the value of the final product. Santrauka Straipsnyje supažindinama su Lean metodika, „kaip tik laiku“, vertės srauto žemėlapio ir visuotinės kokybės valdymo principais ir jų pritaikymu statyboje. Siekiant pritaikyti šiuos principus atliktas tyrimas stebint ir fiksuojant betonavimo procesą trijuose namuose, kai buvo betonuojamos cokolinių aukštų grindys fibrobetonu. Iš surinktų duomenų betonavimo procesą galima išskaidyti į atskiras operacijas ir nagrinėti kiekvieną atskirai. Tiriant operacijas buvo taikyti tam tikri matavimo vienetai – laikas, darbuotojų skaičius, kubiniai metrai betono, patalpų kvadratūra. Šie duomenys padėjo išskirti naudingas operacijas nuo vertės nekuriančių. Vertės nekuriančioms operacijoms galima pritaikyti anksčiau minėtus principus ir sumažinti jų trukmę arba visiškai panaikinti. Svarbiausia problema yra betonavimo proceso išskaidymas į operacijas, tų operacijų analizė ir Lean principų joms pritaikymas. Įdiegus Lean sistemą galima išvengti atliekų ir padidinti galutinio produkto vertę.

scholarly journals Implementing Lean Management Techniques at a Radiation Oncology Department

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Mustafa M. Al-Balushi ◽  
Zahid Al-Mandhari
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Lean Management ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Royal Hospital ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
A Value ◽  
Healthcare Quality Assurance ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Value Stream Map

Objectives: Lean management (LM) principles were first developed by a Japanese manufacturing company to maximise value and minimise waste in the automotive industry. However, these principles can also be applied in the healthcare sector. This study aimed to illustrate the process of implementing LM principles in a radiation oncology department to streamline workflow and identify and reduce waste. Methods: This study took place in the Department of Radiation Oncology, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman, in December 2016. A value stream map (VSM) was created for the chain of processes followed in the department. A waste analysis was conducted to determine which processes did not add value for the patient or healthcare provider. Results: Based on the VSM analysis, only six out of 13 steps were found to be of value. Necessary and unnecessary non-value-adding activities were identified. Sources of waste included parking and registration. In addition, variabilities in workload were noted. Conclusion: Overall, LM principles improve workflow, reduce waste and enhance patient and staff satisfaction. In the current study, the application of LM principles helped to improve value in a radiation oncology department.Keywords: Health Services Administration; Healthcare Quality Assurance; Total Quality Management; Organization and Administration; Efficiency; Oman.

scholarly journals Lean Office and digital transformation: a case study in a services company

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 588-594
Author(s):  
Alberto Eduardo Besser Freitag ◽  
Juliana Das Chagas Santos ◽  
Augusto Da Cunha Reis
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Western World ◽  
Lean Principles ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Future Value ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Value Stream Map ◽  
Practical Implications

- Highlights: a high percentage of the Western world workforce works in offices; Value Stream Map, a lean tool, allows waste identification in services companies; Lean Management helps companies to prepare for digital transformation; there is scarce scientific literature ondigital transformation and Lean Office. -Goal: thepurpose of this article is to report the implementation of Lean Office and digital transformation in a services company. - Design / Methodology / Approach: the research method was a qualitative approach, with literature review followed by a case study, and data collected until September 19, 2018. - Results: the comparative results between current and future Value Stream Maps showed consistent improvements in terms of performance indicators. The lead time is expected to fall from 101 hours to 64,65 hours under normal conditions, and from 221 hours to 114,65 hours if there is a need to bypass through process # 6. - Limitations of the investigation: there are limitations in this study.Basically, the time frame until the digitalization of the processes # 1, 2, 3 and 6 have been completed, in order to allow the comparison with the original expectations described in the VSM of the future state. - Practical implications: it was possible to demonstrate how the implementation of Lean principles, techniques, and tools can bring benefits to an IoT solutions provider. - Originality / Value: no records were found on Scopus and Web of Science databases for the search sentence "digital transformation" AND "lean Office", representing a gap to be filled with this study.

scholarly journals A critical view of the German procurement process in the sector

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Hofacker ◽  
Aguinaldo dos Santos ◽  
Adriana de Paula Lacerda Santos
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Procurement Process ◽  
Lean Principles ◽  
The Public ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
A Value

This paper makes a critical analysis of the German procurement process in the public sector, based on a case study carried out at Karlsruhe University. The research protocol for the field study was developed in three phases: direct dialogue with the head of the department, document analysis, and semi-structured interviews. Data collection was concerned with both the analysis of the organization as well as with the mapping of project activities. A detailed study was carried out on a single construction project in order to enable the development of a value stream map of the procurement macro processes. Based on the data, the authors present a set of proposals for a radical improvement in the German procurement process, focusing on shortening the cycle time, increasing transparency and improving value generation. The study reinforces the need for more research focused on lean production concepts and principles in the public sector. By identifying radical improvement opportunities in the German procurement process, it may be possible to convince politicians and decision makers to change structures of responsibilities and to apply lean principles in public administration. The paper appears to be one of the first studies to apply lean principles into the procurement process of governmental organizations, in order to simplify processes, reduce waste and better allocate resources in order to add more value for the end-users.

scholarly journals Adaptando el Lean Project Delivery System a la elaboración o actualización de un plan de estudios de ingeniería civil incorporando BIM, Realidad Virtual y Fotogrametría = Adapting Lean Project Delivery System to the elaboration or updating of the Civil Engineering Undergraduate Degree Plan, incorporating BIM, Virtual Reality and Photogrammetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Xavier Brioso ◽  
Diego Fuentes Hurtado
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Project Delivery ◽  
Lean Principles ◽  
System A ◽  
Catholic University ◽  
A Value ◽  
Management Area

El Lean Project Delivery System (LPDS) es un sistema que implementa principios y herramientas Lean en todo el ciclo de vida de un proyecto de construcción. El LPDS es adaptativo pues es flexible para especificar las entradas y salidas de los procesos y tiene la libertad de elegir herramientas, técnicas y tecnologías acorde a las últimas tendencias. El propósito principal de este artículo es presentar un marco de generación de valor a través de la adaptación del LPDS al proceso de revisión de un plan de estudios. Este trabajo adapta el modelo del LPDS al proyecto de elaboración o actualización de un plan de estudios de la especialidad de ingeniería civil, incorporando BIM, realidad virtual y fotogrametría a lo largo de las asignaturas del área de gestión de la construcción. Se incluyen herramientas blandas y competencias tecnológicas que potencian la empleabilidad del egresado. Como estudio de caso se presenta la aplicación del modelo en la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.ABSTRACTLean Project Delivery System (LPDS) is a system that implements Lean principles and tools throughout the life cycle of a construction project. The LPDS is adaptive because it's flexible enough to specify the inputs and outputs of each process and allows the freedom to choose tools, techniques and technologies according to the latest trends. The main purpose of this paper is to present a value-generation framework through the adaptation of the LPDS to the Undergraduate Degree Plan process. This work adapts the LPDS model to the current project, elaboration or updating of the civil engineering curriculum, incorporating BIM, virtual reality and photogrammetry in the construction management area subjects. Soft tools and technological skills are included, and as such, enhancing the employability of the undergraduate. As a case study, the application of the model is presented at the Pontifical Catholic University of Peru.

scholarly journals Effective Reduction in Utility Cost in A Beverage Plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S3) ◽  
pp. 2108-2112
Keyword(s):  
Power Analysis ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Quality Cost ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
A Value ◽  
Effective Reduction ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Utility Cost ◽  
Value Stream Map

This project. is about in-depth focus on equipment power analysis and effective reduction in Utility and Quality Cost. A Value Stream Map has been developed and analyzed to identify critical focus areas in Utilities, Process and Line. The most significant key input variables have been identified and those are Boiler, Old-Utilities, New-Utilities, Process Area & Cooling Towers, which are prioritized based upon their relationship with the key output metric. Key input, process, and output metrics have been identified. As a part of Root cause analysis, Power consumption is high due to Running of 2 compressors, yolk chiller, raw water pump, cooling tower pumps & fan and new refrigeration for cooling tower pump. Potential implementation solutions are to be developed, evaluated, and optimized based upon their effectiveness impacting the key output, robustness to variation and ease of implementation. The final improvement solution has been incorporated into the process organization and the improvement gains of 3 – 25 KWH are being expected.

scholarly journals Lean Thinking to Foster the Transition from Traditional Logistics to the Physical Internet

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 6053
Author(s):  
Vanessa Rodríguez Cornejo ◽  
Ángel Cervera Paz ◽  
Luis López Molina ◽  
Víctor Pérez-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Value Stream Mapping ◽  
Lean Thinking ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
A Value ◽  
Physical Internet ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Value Stream Map

This paper studies the relationship between Lean paradigms and the Physical Internet (PI). Lean thinking is a philosophy that allows one to obtain the right amount of the right items in the right place at the right time; it seeks to minimize waste and is flexible to change. In fact, applying Lean not only helps to reduce costs, but it also adds value and improves results across the supply chain. By using a value stream map, we can map the process from the supply chain to the customer, while trying not to add value activities. Such activities include excessive production, overstorage, waiting times poorly adjusted to needs, defects and rejects that require reprocessing, and, finally, unnecessary transport and movements. Storage, waiting times, and unnecessary transport and movements are at the core of the PI. A value stream map can also help to identify empty transport and unnecessary CO2 emissions. This study analyzes value stream mapping as a tool that can enable the objectives of the different Alliance for Logistics Innovation through Collaboration (ALICE) roadmaps for logistics innovation to be achieved, and can also allow PI principles to be reached on the established dates.

Large Electrical Machines: Powering a Business Renaissance for the Twenty-First Century

1993 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
M R Lloyd ◽  
M Mason
Keyword(s):  
World Market ◽  
Electrical Machines ◽  
First Century ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Engineering Company ◽  
Full Production ◽  
Improvement Programme ◽  
Factory Layout

GEC ALSTHOM Large Machines Limited is a traditional heavy engineering company specializing in electrical machines (Fig. 1), and has successfully evolved over 90 years of operation. This historical success, however, led to a very functionalized layout of workshops and facilities totally unsuited to the present dynamic world market. Through a company-wide improvement programme the company has been restructured within the existing buildings and site to take advantage of the latest cellular technology, using numerous innovative concepts in manufacture and adoption of just in time (JIT), total quality management (TQM) and design for manufacture (DFM) concepts in a low volume manufacturing environment. The project involved the complete redesign of the factory layout, introduction of new products and equipment and concepts, resulting in dramatically improved leadtimes, inventories and sales per employee. The case study is probably unique in that the programme was executed while increasing full production and involved the adoption of techniques often only associated with volume manufacture.

scholarly journals An Agile System to Enhance Productivity through a Modified Value Stream Mapping Approach in Industry 4.0: A Novel Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11997
Author(s):  
Varun Tripathi ◽  
Somnath Chattopadhyaya ◽  
Alok Bhadauria ◽  
Shubham Sharma ◽  
Changhe Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Value Stream Mapping ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Machinery Manufacturing

Worldwide, industries are emphasizing the development of an agile system to sustain higher productivity, which can be applied to ensure improvements in all production conditions in industry 4.0. In the present scenario, several methods are used for improvements in production, such as value stream mapping, kaizen, just in time, Kanban, and total productive maintenance, etc., The objective of the present research article is to produce an agile system to sustain improvements in productivity through a methodology coupled with value stream mapping in industry 4.0. Value stream mapping is a lean-based method and is used for the maximization of productivity by the elimination of non-value-added activities. The proposed methodology has been validated by productivity enhancements achieved in a case study of the earthmoving machinery manufacturing sector. The study establishes that the proposed methodology would encourage industry personnel during decision-making processes, which would lead to improvements in production in industry 4.0.

scholarly journals A roadmap for improving the manifacture of automotive heat exchangers through value stream mapping

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kate Lusiba
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Line Balancing ◽  
Value Stream Mapping ◽  
Automotive Manufacturing ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Final Assembly ◽  
Work In Process ◽  
Value Stream Map

Lean manufacturing is an optimum approach for the reduction and elimination of waste within an organization. The case study company is based in South Africa and produces heat exchangers through main processes or fractals, which include pre-assembly, core building, brazing and final assembly. A walk through the plant showed that there was a large amount of inventory awaiting final assembly and that the brazing furnace often waited for material from core building. This was an indication that there could be an imbalance between the three fractals in terms of cycle time. Thus, the aim of this study was to improve the manufacturing processes for heat exchangers at the automotive manufacturing company through the deployment of value stream mapping, subsequent line balancing and developing a roadmap for reduction of waste. The case study research strategy was adopted for the study since it provided an in-depth view of phenomena. The first objective was to outline the production flow for the manufacture of automotive heat exchanger parts. The method used was a walk through the plant and observations were made to gain an understanding of the production steps from logistics production planning to shipping of the finished goods, and subsequently to a mapping-out of the production process flow was undertaken. The results showed that there was a large amount of inventory awaiting final assembly and that the brazing furnace often waited for material from core building. It was concluded that there was need to conduct a detailed process analysis to identify sources of waste. The second objective was to conduct value stream mapping for assessing the value- and non-value-adding activities in the manufacture of automotive heat exchangers components. A value stream map was developed through walking to Gemba and mapping out the production process, collecting data and pinpointing waste activities or areas to be improved. The kaizen flashes from the value stream map also revealed that operators were not fully utilizing the capacity of the bottleneck workstations. It was concluded that two instead of one planning points, and inefficiency at assembly were root causes of the high work-in-process level. The third objective was to conduct a line balancing analysis for the three production fractals. The method used was a Pareto analysis for evaluating the products, analysing the product mix and line balancing analysis of the production line. The results revealed that the furnace was run on two shifts while the subsequent assembly and preceding core building were running on three shifts causing a work-in-process build-up, thereby resulting in line imbalance. It was concluded that it was imperative to change the scheduling approach, and adopt one that prioritised and spread the cores that had relatively short cycle times, and also reduce downtime, change-over time as well as additional time for scrap and defects, and a future-state balance chart revealed that the fractals imbalance had been reduced. The fourth objective was to develop a roadmap for reduction of waste in the manufacture of car heat exchangers components. The method used was to develop proposals and assess the feasibility and cost implications of implementing each option. Recommendations were made for continuous process improvement and a roadmap for reduction of waste was proposed. In order to improve the output of assembly, training for the operators was recommended since it would also enable the removal of the second planning point at assembly. Further research could also be conducted to develop an optimal scheduling algorithm for allocation of products to work centres to ensure high utilization of work centres and reduce work-in-process inventory.

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