scholarly journals ŽIEDINIŲ SANKRYŽŲ ANALIZĖ IR REKOMENDACIJOS JOMS TAIKYTI LIETUVOS VALSTYBINĖS REIKŠMĖS MAGISTRALINIUOSE IR KRAŠTO KELIUOSE / ANALYSIS OF ROUNDABOUTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THEIR USE IN LITHUANIAN MAIN AND NATIONAL ROADS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sandra Jakulytė ◽  
Virgaudas Puodžiukas

Usually, during the implementing the traffic safety policy, it is often decided to install a roundabout at an emergency junction. The reason is that roundabouts have long been considered the safest intersections due to the low number of conflict points and features to reduce vehicle speed. Unfortunately, the design of circular junctions is a responsible process, during which it is necessary to take into account not only the indicators of traffic safety but also the functional purpose of the road. It is known that the roads are classified according to their functional purpose into 3 groups: transit, connecting and access. By these groups in foreign countries are regulated geometric parameters of roads, possible types of intersections and design classes. Transit roads are subject to the highest requirements, because on these roads predominate uninterrupted traffic flow (the change in speed cannot be more than 10%) and a significant proportion of heavy-cargo vehicles, and the roundabout in such a path causes chaos due to its ability to reduce vehicle speeds (the speed drops by more than 10%). Lithuania faces a problem due to the lack of regulation of the implementation of roundabouts, the traffic congestion of vehicles, fuel consumption, traffic and increase in road accidents. It is not enough to analyze only the average annual daily traffic to design and install a roundabout. It is necessary to take into account the functional purpose of the road, the directional distribution of traffic at the intersection, the 30th-highest hour of traffic volume, capacity and level of service, in other words, to carry out a thorough analysis and research. In this article, there is the analysis of the annular intersection at the A4 Vilnius–Varėna–Gardinas 101.7 km highway. The research determines whether the level of service of the roundabouts meet road level of service according to the functional purpose of the road. Santrauka Vykdant eismo saugumo užtikrinimo politiką, dažnai priimamas sprendimas avaringoje sankryžoje įrengti žiedinę sankryžą. To priežastis yra ta, kad žiedinės sankryžos ilgą laiką buvo laikomos saugiausiomis sankryžomis dėl mažo konfliktinių taškų skaičiaus ir savybės sumažinti transporto priemonių greitį. Deja, žiedinių sankryžų projektavimas atsakingas procesas, kurio metu būtina atsižvelgti ne tik į eismo saugumo rodiklius, tačiau ir į kelio, kuriame ji projektuojama, funkcinę paskirtį. Kaip žinoma, keliai skirstomi pagal savo funkcinę paskirtį į 3 grupes: tranzitiniai, jungiamieji ir privažiavimo, pagal šias grupes užsienio šalyse reglamentuojami kelių geometriniai rodikliai, galimi sankryžų tipai, projektavimo klasės. Tranzitiniams keliams taikomi aukščiausi reikalavimai, nes tokiuose keliuose vyrauja tolygus eismas (važiavimo greičio pokytis negali būti didesnis nei 10 %), didelė sunkiasvorių transporto priemonių dalis eisme, o žiedinė sankryža tokiame kelyje sukelia chaosą dėl savo savybės sumažinti transporto priemonių greitį (greitis mažėja daugiau nei 10 %). Lietuva susiduria su problema – dėl netinkamo žiedinių sankryžų rengimo reglamentavimo valstybinės reikšmės keliuose susidaro transporto priemonių spūstys, didėja kuro sąnaudos, dažnai padaugėja ir eismo įvykių. Norint projektuoti ir įrengti žiedinę sankryžą, neužtenka analizuoti vien vidutinio metinio paros eismo intensyvumo, būtina atsižvelgti į kelio funkcinę paskirtį, kryptinį srautų pasiskirstymą sankryžoje, 30-osios valandos eismo intensyvumą, eismo pralaidumą ir eismo kokybės rodiklius, t. y. atlikti išsamius tyrimus ir analizes. Straipsnyje analizuojama žiedinė sankryža, esanti valstybinės reikšmės magistraliniame kelyje A4 Vilnius–Varėna–Gardinas 101,7 km, tyrimo metu nustatoma, ar žiedinės sankryžos eismo kokybės rodikliai atitinka kelio eismo kokybės rodiklius pagal kelio funkcinę paskirtį.

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1409-1414
Author(s):  
Emira Destanović

Daily problems affecting citizens, not only in Pec, but also in other cities in the Republic of Kosovo, are closely linked to urban mobility, which have played a very important role in recent years. The citizens are faced with various problems, a large number of vehicles, low road network communication capacity, lack of adequate signalization and many other problems. The long columns of vehicles they encounter daily, especially in peak hours on the road segments, consistently come to an unhappy one and lead to dissatisfaction of the car drivers. To address these problems, they must use a broad network traffic programming that is based on appropriate strategies, infrastructures and policy solutions to be considered as an effective tool for solving problems in urban traffic. Special attention should be paid to checking the intersection (with or without light signaling), because if these intersections are well designed, they can show improvement in traffic. In fact, crossroads of road networks are those in which there are conflicts between different traffic waves, leading to delays and accidents, reducing service levels and traffic safety in these areas. Traffic leaders and experts in Peja have been working on the development of road infrastructure in the municipality for years, but the number of inhabitants has risen and the number of vehicles that adversely affects the functionality of road communications has increased. Identification and description of the problem, the increase in the number of vehicles in the town of Peja affected the reduction of capacity and service levels, reduced vehicle speed, a large number of accidents and a decrease in the level of safety. After analyzing the current situation, the best solution for solving the problem of vehicle movement in the city of Pec will be proposed. In this regard, it is important to analyze the capacity and level of service on the roads to identify the key factors that affect it, and then intervene to improve them. The purpose of the research, the main purpose of the master's thesis is to study and compile the characteristics and level of service of the intersection at the level of illumination and the circular intersection. In this thesis will be treated: 1. Roofs in the level without a signal of illumination, 2. Levels of transitions with illuminated signaling and 3. Circular passages (circular crossroads).


2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakiah Ponrahono ◽  
Noorain Mohd Isa ◽  
Ahmad Zaharin Aris ◽  
Rosta Harun

The inbound and outbound traffic flow characteristic of a campus is an important physical component of overall university setting. The traffic circulation generated may create indirect effects on the environment such as, disturbance to lecturetime when traffic congestion occurs during peak-hours, loss of natural environment and greenery, degradation of the visual environment by improper or illegal parking, air pollution from motorized vehicles either moving or in idle mode due to traffic congestion, noise pollution, energy consumption, land use arrangement and health effects on the community of Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) Serdang. A traffic volume and Level of Service (LOS) study is required to facilitate better accessibility and improves the road capacity within the campus area. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the traffic volume and Level of Service of the main access the UPM Serdang campus. A traffic survey was conducted over three (3) weekdays during an active semester to understand the traffic flow pattern. The findings on traffic flow during peak hours are highlighted. The conclusions of on-campus traffic flow patterns are also drawn.


2021 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
А.Р. Исмагилова

В статье раскрываются полномочия сотрудников подразделений пропаганды Государственной инспекции безопасности дорожного движения в целях профилактики дорожно-транспортных происшествий и травматизма на дороге. The article reveals the powers of the employees of the propaganda units of the State Traffic Safety Inspectorate in order to prevent road accidents and injuries on the road.


Author(s):  
Kim Dirks ◽  
Jennifer Salmond ◽  
Nicholas Talbot

Walking School Buses (WSBs), organized groups for children to walk to school under the supervision of adults, help reduce traffic congestion and contribute towards exercise. Routes are based largely on need, traffic safety and travel time, with exposure to air pollution not generally considered. This paper explores whether reductions in exposure can be achieved based on the side of the road travelled using data collected in Auckland, New Zealand. Exposure to air pollution was measured for a 25-min commute consisting of a 10-min segment along a quiet cul-de-sac and a 15-min segment along a main arterial road with traffic congestion heavier in one direction. Two participants were each equipped with a portable P-Trak ultrafine particle monitor and a portable Langan carbon monoxide monitor, and walked the route on opposite sides of the road simultaneously, for both morning and afternoon, logging 10-s data. The results suggest that pedestrians travelling on the footpath next to the less congested side of the road in the morning avoid many short-term peaks in concentration and experience significantly lower mean exposures than those travelling on the footpath next to the more congested side. Significant reductions in air pollution exposure could be made for children by taking into account the side of the road in WSB route design.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-41
Author(s):  
Alex Kizito ◽  
Agnes Rwashana Semwanga

Simplistic representations of traffic safety disregard the dynamic interactions between the components of the road transport system (RTS). The resultant road accident (RA) preventive measures are consequently focused almost solely on individual/team failures at the sharp end of the RTS (mainly the road users). The RTS is complex and therefore cannot be easily understood by studying the system parts in isolation. The study modeled the occurrence of road accidents in Uganda using the dynamic synthesis methodology (DSM). This article presents the work done in the first three stages of the DSM. Data was collected from various stakeholders including road users, traffic police officers, road users, and road constructors. The study focused on RA prevention by considering the linear and non-linear interactions of the variables during the pre-crash phase. Qualitative models were developed and from these, key leverage points that could possibly lower the road accident incidences demonstrating the need for a shared system wide responsibility for road safety at all levels are suggested.


2019 ◽  
Vol 259 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Riken Homma ◽  
Kazuhisa Iki

Bicycle is widely used in Japan by people of all age groups in daily usage, which may significantly ease traffic congestion. Responding to the cyclists increasing, the method to assess the quality of bicycle travel become necessary. Previous studies reported several approaches to obtain evaluation methods. However, cycleway evaluation in Japan is still far behind the evaluation methods developed in Europe or America. This paper concentrated on familiarizing readers with two methods for evaluating the quality of bicycle facilities and then presenting some proposals of cycleway evaluation in Japan referencing to these two methods. The first method, Bicycle Compatibility Index (BCI), is used to evaluate the road environment for cycling according to the road characteristics by statistical analysis. The second method, Bicycle Level of Service (BLOS), also represents an evaluation of safety for bicyclists. Both of the above methods offered equations of comfort and safety perceptions of bicyclists according to cycling environments. By introducing these methods in combination, this paper enables the readers to maximize the comparative advantages of both BCI and BLOS. The comparison includes sensitivity of variables and the development of both methods. Then we applied BCI and BLOS to evaluate the target roadways in Kumamoto, Japan.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-51
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Brzozowska-Rup ◽  
Marzena Nowakowska

Abstract Although the occurrence of road accidents and the number of road accident casualties in almost all Polish voivodeships has decreased over the last few years, the rate of this change varies considerably from region to region. To provide a better understanding of such a tendency, panel data regression models are proposed to conduct this pilot research which evaluates the relative performance of Polish regions in terms of their road traffic safety. Panel data are multi-dimensional data which involve measurements over time. In the research, a voivodeship is a unit analysed at a group level, whereas a year is a unit analysed at a time level. A two-way error component regression model has been applied to survey the impact of regressors, the group effects, and time effects on a dependent variable. The analysis has been conducted using data acquired from the Statistics Poland Local Data Bank website, as well as from the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways. The panel data from 16 regions in Poland and the 2012–2018 period have been investigated. The examined models refer to road traffic safety indices defined based on the following characteristics: the number of road accidents, the number road fatalities, and the number of people injured. The results of all the three models indicate a negative effect as regards the GDP per capita, (car) motorisation rate, the indicator of government expenditure for current maintenance of national roads, and the road length per capita. A positive association has been found between the truck motorisation rate and the indicator of local government expenditure on roads. The impact of the region's urbanisation indicators on road safety is ambiguous as, on the one hand, its increase causes a reduction in the road accident and accident injury indices, but, on the other hand, it produces a rise in the accident fatality index. In the models, the significance of time effects has been identified; a decreasing time trend suggests a general improvement in road safety from year to year. Most of the group effects have turned out to be highly significant. However, the effects differ as regards both the road accident and the accident injury indices in magnitude and direction.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1202 (1) ◽  
pp. 012032
Author(s):  
Gábor Pauer ◽  
Nóra Krizsik ◽  
Szilárd Szigeti ◽  
Zsolt Hamza

Abstract According to the data of the European Road Safety Observatory, around 21% of all road fatalities are suffered by pedestrians in the EU. In 2019 in Hungary, road accidents of pedestrians have had a share of 14,6% in all road accidents with personal injuries, which meant 2535 accidents in which one or more pedestrians were injured. A significant proportion of the accidents occurred at designated pedestrian crossings (43,1% of pedestrian accidents in 2019), and this trend increased over the last 5 years. To account the problem, Institute for Transport Sciences Non-profit Ltd. conducted a research focusing on the identification of potential risk factors which may have a negative impact on the level of traffic safety of designated pedestrian crossings in urban areas. Analysis and ranking of the risk factors have been carried out based on experts’ evaluation and scoring, with the use of statistical methods. The results of the work explore the risks that need to be addressed with special attention during the review of existing, and the establishment of new pedestrian crossings.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1202 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
Valentina Amare ◽  
Juris Smirnovs

Abstract The highest number of road accidents occurs at junctions. One of the aims of traffic organisation is to improve traffic safety in these areas. Based on a variety of indices – road capacity, points of conflict, number, and severity of road traffic accidents – different alternatives for junctions are evaluated. However, the road network has many junctions and roads serve to travel from point "A" to point "B" at a given time. Therefore, one of the most important tasks when addressing the issue of road safety is to find a rational way of improving the safety without losing the importance of the road. The aim of this paper is to analyse the impact of different junctions on the road network and basing on actual data develop a method for the evaluation of different types of junctions with respect to road class.


2007 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Ożdżyński

The article presents examples of activities and enterprising attitudes researched by the author in the field of the enterprise in the improvement of the road safety.  There are also presented the examples of enterprising activities of many institutions interested in this matter - from government-institutions, including the Department of the National Education, the Department of Transport and Building, the National Council of Traffic Safety, provincial Centres of Road Traffic, the Police and schools, to the over government institutions like European Parliament and Council and private driving schools.  The author presents the system of education about traffic safety - puts emphasis on activities of the driving schools - as an example of enterprising activities. The article gives examples of protecting pedestrians in road accidents. The article compares also the chosen indicators concerning traffic accidents in Poland and in chosen countries of the European Union in years 2000-2004.


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