Prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions and high-risk human papillomavirus types in Yaounde, Cameroon

Introduction: Various Human papillomavirus (HPV) types cause cervical cancer, and represent the primary cause of cancer death in Africa and the second cause of most common cancers in Cameroon. Herein, we determined the prevalence of high-risk HPV types in women and associated cervical cytologic abnormalities in Yaounde, Cameroon. Methodology: A cross-sectional study targeting HPV-positive women aged 20 and over was conducted between March and June 2020 at the Saint Martin de Porres’ Health Centre in Yaounde. HPV tests were performed by PCR for detection of HPVs 16, 18, 33, and 45. The test was performed on 616 women using exfoliated cell specimens; then, we processed on cytological diagnosis with Pap smears on HPV positive specimens. Results: The HPV types tested were detected in 137 participants, of which 38.7% with multiple HPV infections, and the remaining part with single HPV infections of type HPV 16 (28.5%), HPV 18 (17.5%), HPV 33 (10.2%), and HPV 45 (5.1%). Cervical cytologic abnormalities were found in 69.34% of participants including: LSIL (49.63%), HSIL (15.32%), ASC-US (3.66%) and AGC (0.73%). Co-infections with HPV 16 and HPV 18 were significantly associated with HSIL (p = 0.001) lesions, while HPV 45 was more common in participants with normal cytology (p = 0.001). Cervical lesion occurrence was significantly associated with the number of sexual partners (p = 0.02) and history of oral contraceptive pill use (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Our results suggest that HPV 16 and 18 are predominant in Yaounde, and are associated with more severe precancerous lesions.

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Human papillomavirus–specific viral types are common in Mexican women affected by cervical lesions

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200605000-00015 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 1041-1047

Author(s):

P. Piña-Sánchez ◽

D. M. Hernández-Hernández ◽

R. LÓPEZ-ROMERO ◽

G. VÁZQUEZ-ORTÍZ ◽

C. PÉREZ-PLASENCIA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Low Grade ◽

Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Female Population ◽

Hpv Types ◽

Intraepithelial Lesions ◽

Hpv 18

Cervical cancer (CC) is the most common in Mexican female population. The human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 frequencies in worldwide may be different due to geographical distribution. We analyzed the prevalence of HPV types and determinated their association in cervical lesion in a Mexican population. One hundred fifty-nine normal cervical smears, 95 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL), 59 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HGSIL), and 108 CC samples of the patients were collected. HPV types were determined by sequencing. We detected 11 high-risk types, four low-risk types, three not determinated, and two probably high risk. HPV were present in 12%, 57%, 88%, and 92% from normal, LGSIL, HGSIL, and CC samples, respectively. HPV 16 was the most common in all cervical lesions (71.6% in CC). HPV 58 was present in 18.6% of HGSIL, and the HPV 18 in 4.6% of CC. The 76% of all detected viruses belong to A9 species branch. Control women showed high percentage of HPV high-risk infection, suggesting that this is a high-risk group. High frequency of HPV 16 compared with a low incidence of HPV 18 was observed. HPV 58 is frequently detected in HGSIL but low frequency is found in CC. These findings might be considered for HPV screening.

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Prevalence of human papillomavirus types associated with cervical lesions in Sergipe state, Northeastern Brazil: high frequency of a possibly carcinogenic type

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026881800105x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 146 (9) ◽

pp. 1184-1193 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

I. G. S. S. Serra ◽

E. D. Araujo ◽

G. S. Barros ◽

F. L. S. G. Santos ◽

R. Q. Gurgel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Geographic Region ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Hpv Types

AbstractPersistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main cause of cervical cancer and the prevalence of HPV types varies depending on the geographic region. Therefore, this study assessed the prevalence of HPV types in women with cervical lesions from Sergipe state, Northeastern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted in women with cervical lesions from March to December 2014. These lesions were investigated by PCR and HPV types were identified by DNA sequencing. 432 patients were included, of which 337 patients tested positive for HPV. Eighteen different HPV types were detected, and high-risk HPV types were detected in 69.2%. HPV 16 (63.4%) was the most prevalent HPV type found, followed by HPV 66 (4.6%), HPV 18 (1.6%) and HPV 45 (1.4%). These results highlight the importance of the high prevalence of HPV 66, which is a possibly carcinogenic virus type not covered by the available vaccines. The prevalence of HPV 16 was high in the studied population, reaffirming the importance of young vaccination. However, the high prevalence of HPV 66 found in this study shows the importance of monitoring the diversity of HPV types in different populations and geographic regions to better understand the impacts of current HPV vaccines.

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Broad Cross-Protection Is Induced in Preclinical Models by a Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Composed of L1/L2 Chimeric Virus-Like Particles

Journal of Virology ◽

10.1128/jvi.00449-16 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 90 (14) ◽

pp. 6314-6325 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Mathieu Boxus ◽

Michel Fochesato ◽

Agnès Miseur ◽

Emmanuel Mertens ◽

Najoua Dendouga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Capsid Protein ◽

Major Capsid Protein ◽

Amino Acid Residues ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Virus Like Particles ◽

C Terminus ◽

Hpv 18 ◽

Neutralizing Epitopes

ABSTRACTAt least 15 high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are linked to anogenital preneoplastic lesions and cancer. Currently, there are three licensed prophylactic HPV vaccines based on virus-like particles (VLPs) of the L1 major capsid protein from HPV-2, -4, or -9, including the AS04-adjuvanted HPV-16/18 L1 vaccine. The L2 minor capsid protein contains HPV-neutralizing epitopes that are well conserved across numerous high-risk HPVs. Therefore, the objective of our study was to assess the capacity to broaden vaccine-mediated protection using AS04-adjuvanted vaccines based on VLP chimeras of L1 with one or two L2 epitopes. Several chimeric VLPs were constructed by inserting L2 epitopes within the DE loop and/or C terminus of L1. Based on the shape, yield, size, and immunogenicity, one of seven chimeras was selected for further evaluation in mouse and rabbit challenge models. The chimeric VLP consisted of HPV-18 L1 with insertions of HPV-33 L2 (amino acid residues 17 to 36; L1 DE loop) and HPV-58 L2 (amino acid residues 56 to 75; L1 C terminus). This chimeric L1/L2 VLP vaccine induced persistent immune responses and protected against all of the different HPVs evaluated (HPV-6, -11, -16, -31, -35, -39, -45, -58, and -59 as pseudovirions or quasivirions) in both mouse and rabbit challenge models. The degree and breadth of protection in the rabbit were further enhanced when the chimeric L1/L2 VLP was formulated with the L1 VLPs from the HPV-16/18 L1 vaccine. Therefore, the novel HPV-18 L1/L2 chimeric VLP (alone or in combination with HPV-16 and HPV-18 L1 VLPs) formulated with AS04 has the potential to provide broad protective efficacy in human subjects.IMPORTANCEFrom evaluations in human papillomavirus (HPV) protection models in rabbits and mice, our study has identified a prophylactic vaccine with the potential to target a wide range of HPVs linked to anogenital cancer. The three currently licensed vaccines contain virus-like particles (VLPs) of the L1 major capsid protein from two, four, or nine different HPVs. Rather than increasing the diversity of L1 VLPs, this vaccine contains VLPs based on a recombinant chimera of two highly conserved neutralizing epitopes from the L2 capsid protein inserted into L1. Our study demonstrated that the chimeric L1/L2 VLP is an effective vehicle for displaying two different L2 epitopes and can be used in a quantity equivalent to what is used in the licensed vaccines. Hence, using the chimeric L1/L2 VLP may be a more cost-effective approach for vaccine formulation than adding different VLPs for each HPV.

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The seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to human papillomavirus (HPV) types HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-11 capsid-antigens in mothers and their children

Journal of Medical Virology ◽

10.1002/jmv.20874 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 79 (9) ◽

pp. 1370-1374 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Dianne J. Marais ◽

Candice C. Sampson ◽

Margaret I. Urban ◽

Freddy Sitas ◽

Anna-Lise Wiliamson

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Hpv Types ◽

Hpv 18

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Current studies on human papillomavirus in Saudi Arabia

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.6538 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (06) ◽

pp. 571-576 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Fatimah Saeed Alhamlan ◽

Ahmed A Al-Qahtani ◽

Mohammed N Al-Ahdal

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

World Health ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Hpv Types ◽

Health Organization ◽

Low Prevalence

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a significant etiological factor and an important prognosticator in cervical cancer. Indeed, researchers worldwide have confirmed these roles for high-risk HVPs in over 70% of cervical cancer cases. According to the World Health Organization, approximately 561,200 new cancer cases (5.2% of all new cancers) are attributed to HPV infection. Over 120 types of HPV are classified further as either low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) or high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) based on their oncological potential of transforming cells. The LR-HPV types cause benign hyperproliferative lesions (i.e. genital warts) while the HR-HPV types are strongly associated with premalignant and malignant cervical lesions. Data on the prevalence of HPV, survival of infected patients, and mortality rate are scarce in Saudi Arabia. The unsubstantiated assumption of a low prevalence of HPV in Saudi Arabia has contributed to limiting HPV research in this conservative country. Therefore, the goal of this review is to shed light on the current HPV research being conducted and the prevalence of HPV in Saudi Arabia.

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Analysis on influencing factors of viral load in patients with high-risk human papillomavirus

10.21203/rs.3.rs-26821/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xuerong Lu ◽

Tiantian Wang ◽

Youzhong Zhang ◽

Yuzhen Liu

Keyword(s):

Multivariate Analysis ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Viral Load ◽

High Risk ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Cervical Screening ◽

Cervical Lesion ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Hpv Types ◽

Hpv Viral Load

Abstract Background: High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) load is thought to be influenced by many factors, and relationship between viral load and degree of cervical lesion is controversial. This study was to explore possible influencing factors of HR-HPV viral load in uterine cervix.Methods: 605 women who needed colposcopic evaluation for abnormal cervical screening in Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, China, between November 2017 and September 2018 were enrolled. Cervical specimens were collected from endo- and ectocervix separately using two different cervical brushes. Hybrid Capture II test was used to measure HR-HPV load. Age, histological severity, number of viral types, area and location of cervical lesions were recorded. The correlation between viral load and influencing factors was analysed using univariate and multivariate analysis.Results: HR-HPV load was positively correlated with age, histological severity, multiple HPV types and area of cervical lesions (P<0.05). Viral load with combination of endo- and ectocervical sampling was significantly higher than simple endocervical sampling (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age, multiple HPV types and area of cervical lesions were independent factors for HR-HPV load with combination of endo- and ectocervical sampling (P<0.05). However, only age and area of cervical lesions were independent factors for viral load with simple endocervical sampling (P<0.05). No significant association was found between viral load and lesion severity in multivariate analysis (P>0.05).Conclusion: HR-HPV load is influenced by age, histological severity, multiple viral types, area of cervical lesion and sampling methods. Age and area of cervical lesions are independent factors for viral load.

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Human Papillomavirus Type Distribution and Correlation with Cyto-Histological Patterns in Women from the South of Italy

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1155/2009/198425 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Paola Menegazzi ◽

Luisa Barzon ◽

Giorgio Palù ◽

Elisa Reho ◽

Luigi Tagliaferro

Keyword(s):

Human Papillomavirus ◽

High Risk ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Multiple Infection ◽

Multiple Infections ◽

The South ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Specific Distribution ◽

Hpv Types ◽

High Risk Hpv

Human papillomavirus (HPV) type-specific distribution was evaluated in genital samples collected from 654 women from the South of Italy undergoing voluntary screening and correlated with cyto-histological abnormalities. HPV DNA was detected in 45.9% of the samples, 41.7% of which had multiple infection and 89.0% had high-risk HPV infection. The prevalence of HPV infection and the rate of multiple infections decreased with age, suggesting natural selection of HPV types with better fitness. In line with other Italian studies, the most common HPV types were HPV-6 and HPV-16, followed by HPV-51, HPV-31, HPV-53, and HPV-66, in women with both normal and abnormal cytology. Cervical intraepithelial lesions grade 2 or 3 were associated with high-risk HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-31, and HPV-51 infection. These data indicate that prophylactic HPV vaccination is expected to reduce the burden of HPV-related cervical lesions in this population, but also suggest the potential utility of new vaccines with larger type coverage.

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Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cervical Cancer Screening among Riverside Women of the Brazilian Amazon

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1604027 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (07) ◽

pp. 350-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Daniel Duarte ◽

Rodrigo Vieira ◽

Elza Brito ◽

Maria Pinheiro ◽

Jeniffer Monteiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Human Papillomavirus ◽

Low Income ◽

Pap Test ◽

Brazilian Amazon ◽

Hpv Infection ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Hpv 18

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the overall and type-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection among females living in riverside communities in the state of Pará, in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon. These communities are inhabited by low-income people, and are accessible only by small boats. Cervical cytology and risk factors for HPV infection were also assessed. Methods Cervical samples from 353 women of selected communities were collected both for Papanicolau (Pap) test and HPV detection. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR were used to assess the overall and type-specific prevalence of HPV-16 and HPV-18, the main oncogenic types worldwide. Epidemiological questionnaires were used for the assessment of the risk factors for HPV infection. Results The mean age of the participants was 37 years (standard deviation [SD] ± 13.7). Most were married or with a fixed sexual partner (79%), and had a low educational level (80%) and family monthly income (< U$ 250; 53%). Overall, HPV prevalence was 16.4% (n = 58), with 8 cases of HPV-16 (2.3%) and 5 of HPV-18 (1.4%). Almost 70% of the women surveyed had never undergone the Pap test. Abnormal cytology results were found in 27.5% (n = 97) of the samples, with higher rates of HPV infection according to the severity of the lesions (p = 0.026). Conclusions The infections by HPV-16 and HPV-18 were not predominant in our study, despite the high prevalence of overall HPV infection. Nevertheless, the oncogenic potential of these types and the low coverage of the Pap test among women from riverside communities demonstrate a potential risk for the development of cervical lesions and their progression to cervical cancer, since the access to these communities is difficult and, in most cases, these women do not have access to primary care and public health services.

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Expression of the high-risk human papillomavirus type 18 and 45 E7 oncoproteins in cervical carcinoma biopsies

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.81390-0 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 86 (12) ◽

pp. 3235-3241 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Marc Fiedler ◽

Sigrun Ressler ◽

Beatriz Campo-Fernández ◽

Andreas Laich ◽

Lars Jansen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Cervical Carcinoma ◽

Human Papillomaviruses ◽

Hpv 16 ◽

Cervical Cancers ◽

Hpv Types ◽

High Level ◽

E7 Proteins ◽

High Risk Hpv ◽

Hpv 18

E7 proteins are major oncoproteins of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), which play a key role in cervical carcinogenesis. These proteins have been shown to immortalize primary human cells. Due to the absence of antibodies with suitable sensitivity and specificity, little is known about expression of the E7 oncoproteins in naturally infected tissues. Recently, high-level expression of the E7 protein of HPV-16, the most prevalent oncogenic HPV type, was demonstrated in cervical carcinomas by immunohistochemistry; however, approximately 15 additional high-risk HPV types are known to be associated with cervical carcinoma. It is unknown whether the E7 oncoproteins of HPV-18 and -45, the second and third most prevalent HPV types, are expressed in cervical cancers. Using antibodies against HPV-18 and -45 E7 proteins, it is shown here for the first time that the HPV-18 and -45 E7 proteins can be detected in cervical carcinoma biopsies. Together with anti-HPV-16 E7 antibodies, this could create the possibility of detecting E7 oncoproteins in approximately 80 % of all cervical cancers.

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