scholarly journals Stevens - Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis; Extensive Review of Reports of Drug-Induced Etiologies, and Possible Therapeutic Modalities

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 730-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adegbenro Omotuyi John Fakoya ◽  
Princess Omenyi ◽  
Precious Anthony ◽  
Favour Anthony ◽  
Precious Etti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Degrees Of Severity

Stevens - Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis are adverse hypersensitivity reactions that affect the skin and mucous membranes. They are characterised by erythematous macules and hemorrhagic erosions of the mucous membranes. Epidermal detachments of varying degrees of severity also occur in these conditions. Various aetiologies are associated with these conditions, with adverse drug reaction being the most common. Though the worldwide incidence of these conditions is recorded as low, diverse types of medication are being observed to lead to these conditions. This review compiles information on the details of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, the pathophysiology, therapeutic management, and largely considers the drug-induced etiologies associated with these conditions.

scholarly journals Amoxicillin Induced Steven Johnson’s Syndrome: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 220-222
Author(s):  
R Mahendra Kumar ◽  
Sanatkumar Nyamagoud ◽  
Krishna Deshpande ◽  
Ankitha Kotian
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reaction ◽  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Oral Consumption ◽  
Life Threatening

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a very rare, potentially fatal skin reaction that is typically the result of reaction to the drug. In particular, SJS is characterized by extensive skin and mucous membrane lesions (i.e. mouth, nose, esophagus, anus, and genitalia), epidermis detachment, and acute skin blisters. In 95 % of case reports, drugs were found to be an important cause for the development of SJS. This story is a case of A 42 year old male hospitalized with rashes all over the body and fever, after oral consumption of Amoxicillin drug for sore throat. This case study discusses the possibility that serious hypersensitivity reactions with Amoxicillin can rarely occur and can be extremely harmful and life-threatening Menacing. Keywords: Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, Stevens Johnson Syndrome, Adverse drug reaction, Nikolsky’s sign

Head and Neck Manifestations of Erythema Multiforme in Children

1994 ◽  
Vol 111 (3P1) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Stewart ◽  
Newton O. Duncan ◽  
Daniel J. Franklin ◽  
Ellen M. Friedman ◽  
Marcelle Sulek
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Striking Increase ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Mucosal Involvement ◽  
Mucous Membranes

Erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis are related disorders of skin and mucous membranes, which are typically associated with antecedent medication use or infection. We review 108 cases of erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis from Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, from 1981 to 1991, and illustrate the characteristic skin and mucosal lesions. In addition, we describe in detail two unusual cases requiring intensive airway management. Head and neck manifestations were present in 4 of 79 patients (5%) with erythema multiforme and 26 of 28 patients (93%) with Stevens-Johnson syndrome. In Stevens-Johnson syndrome, mucosal involvement of the lip (93%), conjunctiva (82%), oral cavity (79%), and nose (36%) were most common. Antecedent medication use was identified in 59% of erythema multiforme patients and 68% of Stevens-Johnson syndrome patients. We note a striking increase in the number of cases in our series caused by cephalosporins. Fifty percent of Stevens-Johnson syndrome patients required supplemental hydration or alimentation because of the severity of the oral cavity involvement. The head and neck mucosal manifestations largely respond to local care, and the routine use of prophylactic antibiotics or systemic steroids is not recommended.

scholarly journals Causative drugs and HLA-B polymorphism in drug-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome - toxic epidermal necrolysis: A study in five hospitals in Jakarta

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anesia Tania ◽  
Evita Halim Effendi ◽  
Inge Ade Krisanti ◽  
Yulia Ariani
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Drug Eruption ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Allele Polymorphism ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Causative Drug ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Luminex Technology ◽  
Referral Hospitals

Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis is a very rare but lifethreatening form of cutaneous drug eruption. In recent years, several countries in Asia had succeded in preventing carbamazepine induced SJS/TEN by screening for HLA-B*15:02 before prescribing carbamazepine. This study aimed to acquire data regarding causative drugs and HLA-B allele polymorphism in SJS/TEN patient in Jakarta. We acquired data from 5 referral hospitals from March 2015 to March 2017. Subject fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria was interviewed and blood sample was taken for DNA extraction. The DNA was examined with PCR SSOP and Luminex technology for high resolution HLA-B typing. We studied 22 subjects. The median age was 45,4 years old (14-74). The most common causative drug in this study is carbamazepine. HLA-B*15:02 and HLAB* 18:01 were the most common allele in all subjects. HLA-B*15:02 was found in five (72%) out of seven subjects whose condition was caused by carbamazepine. The most common causative drug of SJS/TEN in five hospitals in Jakarta is carbamazepine, with five (72%) out seven subjects had HLA-B*15:02 allele.

scholarly journals Drug-induced liver injury associated with stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis: Patient characteristics, causes, and outcome in 36 cases

Hepatology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 993-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harshad Devarbhavi ◽  
Sujata Raj ◽  
Venu H. Aradya ◽  
Vijaykumar T. Rangegowda ◽  
Girish P. Veeranna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Johnson Syndrome

Drug-Induced Stevens–Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis Call for Optimum Patient Stratification and Theranostics via Pharmacogenomics

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chonlaphat Sukasem ◽  
Theodora Katsila ◽  
Therdpong Tempark ◽  
George P. Patrinos ◽  
Wasun Chantratita
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Genomic Medicine ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Patient Stratification ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Johnson Syndrome

The Global Genomic Medicine Collaborative, a multinational coalition of genomic and policy experts working to implement genomics in clinical care, considers pharmacogenomics to be among the first areas in genomic medicine that can provide guidance in routine clinical practice, by linking genetic variation and drug response. Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe life-threatening reactions to medications with a high incidence worldwide. Genomic screening prior to drug administration is a key opportunity and potential paradigm for using genomic medicine to reduce morbidity and mortality and ultimately eliminate one of the most devastating adverse drug reactions. This review focuses on the current understanding of the surveillance, pathogenesis, and treatment of SJS/TEN, including the role of genomics and pharmacogenomics in the etiology, treatment, and eradication of preventable causes of drug-induced SJS/TEN. Gaps, unmet needs, and priorities for future research have been identified for the optimal management of drug-induced SJS/TEN in various ethnic populations. Pharmacogenomics holds great promise for optimal patient stratification and theranostics, yet its clinical implementation needs to be cost-effective and sustainable.

scholarly journals Meropenem-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis in a patient with known type IV penicillin hypersensitivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. e230144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sameed ◽  
Christine Nwaiser ◽  
Prashant Bhandari ◽  
Sarah A Schmalzle
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Delayed Hypersensitivity ◽  
Stevens Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Johnson Syndrome ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are considered variants of a disease continuum that results in a life-threatening exfoliative mucocutaneous disease. These are categorised as type IV cell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity reactions, and antibiotics are often implicated as a cause. Penicillins and other beta-lactam antibiotics are known to cause both immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions. While immediate IgE-mediated cross-reactivity between penicillins and carbapenems is well studied, less information on the risk of type IV delayed cell-mediated cross-reactivity between the two is available. We present a case of meropenem-induced SJS in a patient with documented history of SJS from amoxicillin. There are few cases of cross-reactivity with carbapenems reported in the literature, but based on the potential for life-threatening reaction, it is likely prudent to avoid the use of any beta-lactams in a patient with a history of SJS, TEN or any other severe cutaneous adverse reactions to another beta-lactam antibiotic.

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