Essential oils and isolated compounds from Lippia alba leaves and flowers: Antimicrobial activity and osteoclast apoptosis

ABSTRACT: The rise in cases of antibiotic-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become a major obstacle to the effective control of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide. Essential oils (EO) are complex mixtures that may contain between 20 and 60 components, with two or three major compounds at relatively high concentrations (20-70%) that are responsible for their pharmacological properties. The objective of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of the EOs, bushy lippia (Lippia alba), rosemary pepper (Lippia sidoides), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), Mexican mint or Indian borage (Plectranthus amboinicus), and true cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv. Chemical characterization of the EOs was performed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the microdilution-based resazurin microtiter assay. Four EOs were able to inhibit the growth of M. tuberculosis, with MICs of 286.5±130.2μg/mL (C. zeylanicum), 299.5±117.2μg/mL (L. sidoides), 351.6±39.06μg/mL (P. amboinicus), and 1,250μg/mL (C. citratus). Only the EO of L. alba showed no antimycobacterial activity at the tested concentrations, with an MIC greater than 1,250µg/mL. Results of this study suggested that C. zeylanicum, L. sidoides, and P. amboinicus could be important sources of bactericidal compounds against M. tuberculosis and require further investigation. The activity against M. tuberculosis of these three EOs has not been reported previously. The results show the high potential of the tested antimycobacterial EOs, making them a promising alternative for TB treatment. This data also confirms the importance of bioprospecting studies for active substances with antimycobacterial activity, which are still scarce.

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Composition, anti-quorum sensing and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Lippia alba

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1590/s1517-83822014000300001 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 759-767 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Jesus Olivero-Verbel ◽

Ana Barreto-Maya ◽

Angela Bertel-Sevilla ◽

Elena E. Stashenko

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Quorum Sensing ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Lippia Alba

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ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST PATHOGENS OF IMPORTANCE IN CAPRINE AND OVINE MASTITIS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252021v34n322rc ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 702-708

Author(s):

RODOLFO FURLANI ◽

MAURA MARINETE DE SOUSA ◽

GIOVANNA NOGUEIRA DA SILVA AVELINO OLIVEIRA ROCHA ◽

FLÁVIA CARTAXO RAMALHO VILAR ◽

RICARDO CARTAXO RAMALHO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Plant Species ◽

Bacterial Resistance ◽

Small Ruminants ◽

Bacterial Isolates ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Lippia Alba ◽

Therapeutic Alternatives ◽

Staphylococcus Spp

ABSTRACT Mastitis is an important infirmity that affects dairy goats and sheep flocks. Antimicrobials are widely used in mastitis therapy; however, the phenomenon of bacterial resistance has sparked interest in therapeutic alternatives, especially the research on essential oils from several plant species. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils against pathogens of importance in caprine and ovine mastitis. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and the chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) tests were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils (EO) of four plants. Fifteen bacterial isolates, previously identified as Staphylococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus, were used. The following plant species were used against the 15 bacterial isolates: Lippia origanoides “alecrim pimenta,” Lippia alba “erva cidreira,” Cymbopogon citratus “capim-santo,” and Ocimum basilicum “manjericão.” The first three essential oils presented antimicrobial activity against 100% of the isolates (15/15), with MICs of 560 µg mL-1, 1,173 µg mL-1, and 1,280 µg mL-1, and MBCs of 613 µg mL-1, 1,226 µg mL-1, and 1,333 µg mL-1, respectively. Nevertheless, the essential oil of O. basilicum, which was also tested, exerted no activity against any of the isolates. Carvacrol, citral, geraniol, and estragole were some of the major compounds found. These results can aid other studies that aim to use these essential oils as potential products for subsequent use in the treatment of mastitis in small ruminants.

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