scholarly journals The nationwide ‘ZNIEFF’ inventory in France: a free dataset of more than one million synthesised species data in zones of high ecological value

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny Lepareur ◽  
Mathieu Manceau ◽  
Yorick Reyjol ◽  
Julien Touroult ◽  
Solène Robert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
French Guiana ◽  
National Museum ◽  
La Réunion ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Natural Zone ◽  
Saint Martin ◽  
Central Interest ◽  
A Site ◽  
Scientific Survey

In France, a ‘natural zone of ecological, faunistic or floristic value’ (Zone Naturelle d'Intérêt Écologique, Faunistique et Floristique - ZNIEFF) is a natural area regionally known for its remarkable ecological characteristics. The ZNIEFF inventory is a naturalist and scientific survey program launched in 1982 by the Ecology Ministry, with support from the French National Museum of Natural History (MNHN). This paper describes the ZNIEFF national dataset, which comprises 1 013 25 synthesised data for various animal (38%), vegetal (59%) and fungus (2%) species in terrestrial and marine zones (the last download took place on 26 May 2020). A total of 19 842 sites throughout continental France as well as in the overseas departments and territories (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, La Réunion, French Guiana, Saint-Martin, Saint-Barthélemy and Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon) are included in the ZNIEFF dataset (last download: 26 May 2020). This dataset is now available in open access. All data were collected by skilled naturalists using professional protocols over almost 40 years. They consist mainly of observations of rare, threatened or endemic species, all validated by regional experts. Data is updated twice a year after national validation. Some of the observed of species, the so-called ‘trigger species’ or ‘determinant’ species, are of central interest for a site to be considered a ZNIEFF (zone of high ecological value). This concerns more than 35 000 taxa, mainly angiosperms, insects, fungi, birds and fish.

scholarly journals Giant worms chez moi! Hammerhead flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae, Bipalium spp., Diversibipalium spp.) in metropolitan France and overseas French territories

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Lou Justine ◽  
Leigh Winsor ◽  
Delphine Gey ◽  
Pierre Gros ◽  
Jessica Thévenot
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
East Africa ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
La Réunion ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Saint Martin ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Overseas Territories

Background Species of the genera Bipalium and Diversibipalium, or bipaliines, are giants among land planarians (family Geoplanidae), reaching length of 1 m; they are also easily distinguished from other land flatworms by the characteristic hammer shape of their head. Bipaliines, which have their origin in warm parts of Asia, are invasive species, now widespread worldwide. However, the scientific literature is very scarce about the widespread repartition of these species, and their invasion in European countries has not been studied. Methods In this paper, on the basis of a four year survey based on citizen science, which yielded observations from 1999 to 2017 and a total of 111 records, we provide information about the five species present in Metropolitan France and French overseas territories. We also investigated the molecular variability of cytochrome-oxidase 1 (COI) sequences of specimens. Results Three species are reported from Metropolitan France: Bipalium kewense, Diversibipalium multilineatum, and an unnamed Diversibipalium ‘black’ species. We also report the presence of B. kewense from overseas territories, such as French Polynesia (Oceania), French Guiana (South America), the Caribbean French islands of Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy, and Montserrat (Central America), and La Réunion island (off South-East Africa). For B. vagum, observations include French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Martin, Montserrat, La Réunion, and Florida (USA). A probable new species, Diversibipalium sp. ‘blue,’ is reported from Mayotte Island (off South–East Africa). B. kewense, B. vagum and D. multilineatum each showed 0% variability in their COI sequences, whatever their origin, suggesting that the specimens are clonal, and that sexual reproduction is probably absent. COI barcoding was efficient in identifying species, with differences over 10% between species; this suggests that barcoding can be used in the future for identifying these invasive species. In Metropolitan south–west France, a small area located in the Department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques was found to be a hot-spot of bipaliine biodiversity and abundance for more than 20 years, probably because of the local mild weather. Discussion The present findings strongly suggest that the species present in Metropolitan France and overseas territories should be considered invasive alien species. Our numerous records in the open in Metropolitan France raise questions: as scientists, we were amazed that these long and brightly coloured worms could escape the attention of scientists and authorities in a European developed country for such a long time; improved awareness about land planarians is certainly necessary.

scholarly journals Treehopper voucher specimens collected in from Benton, Josephine, and Yamhill Counties, Oregon

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T. Dalton ◽  
Richard J Hilton ◽  
Dennis D Kopp ◽  
Vaughn M Walton
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural History ◽  
The United States ◽  
National Museum ◽  
Willamette Valley ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Voucher Specimens ◽  
Insect Populations ◽  
Historical Presence ◽  
Spissistilus Festinus

Treehopper insect populations (Hemiptera: Membracidae) were surveyed in 2018 in Benton, Josephine, and Yamhill Counties, Oregon to determine their potential roles in the epidemiology of Grapevine red blotch virus. Stictocephala basalis and Tortistilus albidosparsus were identified through a taxonomic assessment of samples collected by hand near vineyards and in a natural area. Historical presence of Spissistilus festinus in the Willamette Valley is discussed. Voucher specimens were deposited in the Oregon State Arthropod Collection and at the United States National Museum of Natural History.

scholarly journals Chikungunya outbreak in the Caribbean region, December 2013 to March 2014, and the significance for Europe

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Van Bortel ◽  
F Dorleans ◽  
J Rosine ◽  
A Blateau ◽  
D Rousset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
French Guiana ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Virus Spread ◽  
Caribbean Island ◽  
Travel History ◽  
Widespread Occurrence ◽  
Caribbean Islands ◽  
Saint Martin ◽  
The Caribbean

On 6 December 2013, two laboratory-confirmed cases of chikungunya without a travel history were reported on the French part of the Caribbean island of Saint Martin, indicating the start of the first documented outbreak of chikungunya in the Americas. Since this report, the virus spread to several Caribbean islands and French Guiana, and between 6 December 2013 and 27 March 2014 more than 17,000 suspected and confirmed cases have been reported. Further spread and establishment of the disease in the Americas is likely, given the high number of people travelling between the affected and non-affected areas and the widespread occurrence of efficient vectors. Also, the likelihood of the introduction of the virus into Europe from the Americas and subsequent transmission should be considered especially in the context of the next mosquito season in Europe. Clinicians should be aware that, besides dengue, chikungunya should be carefully considered among travellers currently returning from the Caribbean region.

scholarly journals Urine Proteome Biomarkers in Kidney Diseases. I. Limits, Perspectives, and First Focus on Normal Urine

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. BMI.S26229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Santucci ◽  
Maurizio Bruschi ◽  
Giovanni Candiano ◽  
Francesca Lugani ◽  
Andrea Petretto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Peptide Ligand ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Natural Area ◽  
Urine Proteome ◽  
Normal Urine ◽  
A Site ◽  
Methodological Aspects ◽  
Source Of Information

Urine proteome is a potential source of information in renal diseases, and it is considered a natural area of investigation for biomarkers. Technology developments have markedly increased the power analysis on urinary proteins, and it is time to confront methodologies and results of major studies on the topics. This is a first part of a series of reviews that will focus on the urine proteome as a site for detecting biomarkers of renal diseases; the theme of the first review concerns methodological aspects applied to normal urine. Main issues are techniques for urine pretreatment, separation of exosomes, use of combinatorial peptide ligand libraries, mass spectrometry approaches, and analysis of data sets. Available studies show important differences, suggesting a major confounding effect of the technologies utilized for analysis. The objective is to obtain consensus about which approaches should be utilized for studying urine proteome in renal diseases.

Article 349 TFEU

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitry Kochenov
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Economic Dependence ◽  
Saint Martin ◽  
Legislative Procedure ◽  
Common Policies

Article 299(2) Taking account of the structural social and economic situation of Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Mayotte, Réunion, Saint-Martin, the Azores, Madeira and the Canary Islands, which is compounded by their remoteness, insularity, small size, difficult topography and climate, economic dependence on a few products, the permanence and combination of which severely restrain their development, the Council, on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament, shall adopt specific measures aimed, in particular, at laying down the conditions of application of the Treaties to those regions, including common policies. Where the specific measures in question are adopted by the Council in accordance with a special legislative procedure, it shall also act on a proposal from the Commission and after consulting the European Parliament.

scholarly journals First comprehensive list of the coral reef fishes of Tunku Abdul Rahman Park, Sabah, Malaysia (Borneo)

Check List ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ditch Townsend
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Reef Fish ◽  
Coral Reef Fish ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Reef Fishes ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Marine Park ◽  
A Site ◽  
Scientific Survey

A 573 species-long checklist of the fishes in this 50 km2 tropical marine park was created predominantly by combining an unpublished scientific survey from 1992 with a hobbyist’s large photograph collection from between 2006 and 2009. Of the Indo-Pacific region’s coral reef-associated fish species, 15.2% are found here. Drawn from 83 families, the most speciose are Pomacentridae (71), Gobiidae (68) and Lab-ridae (55). A regression formula using the Coral reef Fish Diversity Index (CFDI) for species seen in 1992 suggests the park hosts 464 species, compared with the CFDI-based estimate of 495 based only on da-ta collected between 2006 and 2009, and 596 for the combined Index. With only 62% of the Index’s species seen both in the earlier and later lists, the utility of the CFDI is questionable at a site or over a time-span like this.

scholarly journals Seeking an ecologically defensible calculation of net loss/gain of biodiversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 1358-1383
Author(s):  
Thomas Cuckston
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
New South ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Content Type ◽  
South Wales ◽  
A Site

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explain how proponents of biodiversity offsetting have sought to produce an ecologically defensible mechanism for reconciling economic development and biodiversity conservation. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyses a case study biodiversity offsetting mechanism in New South Wales, Australia. Michel Callon’s framing and overflowing metaphor is used to explain how accounting devices are brought into the mechanism, to (re)frame a space of calculability and address anxieties expressed by conservationists about calculations of net loss/gain of biodiversity. Findings The analysis shows that the offsetting mechanism embeds a form of accounting for biodiversity that runs counter to the prevailing dominant anthropocentric approach. Rather than accounting for the biodiversity of a site in terms of the economic benefits it provides to humans, the mechanism accounts for biodiversity in terms of its ecological value. This analysis, therefore, reveals a form of accounting for biodiversity that uses numbers to provide valuations of biodiversity, but these numbers are ecological numbers, not economic numbers. So this is a calculative, and also ecocentric, approach to accounting for, and valuing, biodiversity. Originality/value This paper contributes to the extant literature on accounting for biodiversity by revealing a novel conceptualisation of the reconciliation of economic development and biodiversity conservation, producing an ecologically defensible form of sustainable development. The paper also makes a methodological contribution by showing how Callon’s framing and overflowing metaphor can be used to enable the kind of interdisciplinary engagement needed for researchers to address sustainable development challenges.

Whose Museum Is It? Jewish Museums and Indigenous Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 798-824
Author(s):  
Yaniv Feller
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
American Indian ◽  
National Museum ◽  
The Public ◽  
Rhetorical Sovereignty ◽  
Indigenous Theory ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Anti Jewish ◽  
A Site ◽  
Multidirectional Memory

AbstractAre museums places about a community or for the community? This article addresses this question by bringing into conversation Jewish museums and Indigenous museum theory, with special attention paid to two major institutions: the Jewish Museum Berlin and the National Museum of the American Indian. The JMB’s exhibitions and the controversies surrounding them, I contend, allow us to see the limits of rhetorical sovereignty, namely the ability and right of a community to determine the narrative. The comparison between Indigenous and Jewish museal practices is grounded in the idea of multidirectional memory. Stories of origins in museums, foundational to a community’s self-understanding, are analyzed as expressions of rhetorical sovereignty. The last section expands the discussion to the public sphere by looking at the debates that led to the resignation of Peter Schäfer, the JMB’s former director, following a series of events that were construed as anti-Israeli and hence, so was the argument, anti-Jewish. These claims are based on two narrow conceptions: First, that of the source community that makes a claim for the museum. Second, on the equation of Jewishness with a pro-Israeli stance. Taken together, the presentation of origins and the public debate show the limits of rhetorical sovereignty by exposing the contested dynamics of community claims. Ultimately, I suggest, museums should be seen not only as a site for contestation about communal voice, but as a space for constituting the community.

Encounters between freshwater crocodiles and invasive cane toads in north-western Australia: does context determine impact?

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Gregory S Clarke ◽  
Cameron M Hudson ◽  
Richard Shine
Keyword(s):  
Western Australia ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Native Range ◽  
Taste Aversion Learning ◽  
Rhinella Marina ◽  
Physiological Tolerance ◽  
Crocodylus Johnstoni ◽  
A Site ◽  
Riverine Systems ◽  
North Western

ABSTRACT The potent defensive chemicals of cane toads (Rhinella marina) protect them against predators that lack coevolved physiological tolerance to those toxins. That relative invulnerability may explain why major injuries (such as limb loss) appear to be rare in cane toads from most of their global range; however, we noted frequent predator-induced injuries (>4% of adults) in samples from within the toad’s native range (in French Guiana) and from a site (Lake Argyle) in north-western Australia. Toads at Lake Argyle enter the edge of the lake at night to rehydrate, exposing them to foraging freshwater crocodiles (Crocodylus johnstoni). Crocodiles rarely consume toads, but the attacks often result in loss of a limb. Because limbs contain relatively little toxin, attacks to the limbs expose a crocodile to nauseating but non-lethal amounts of toxin; and hence, facilitate taste aversion learning by the predator. The context of the encounters, such as differences in geography, may help to explain why the invasion of cane toads has not significantly impacted on crocodile populations at this site, in contrast to heavy impacts reported from nearby riverine systems.

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