scholarly journals Corrosion and electrohemical behavior of aluminum conductor E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) alloy with tin in a medium electrolite NaCl

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Izatullo N. Ganiev ◽  
Aslam P. Abulakov ◽  
Jamshed H. Jayloev ◽  
Firdavs A. Aliev ◽  
Akram R. Rashidov
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Potential Sweep ◽  
Conductive Material ◽  
Soft State ◽  
Winding Wire ◽  
Overhead Power Lines ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Range Of Values

The economic feasibility of using aluminum as a conductive material is explained by the favorable ratio of its cost to the cost of copper. In addition, one should take into account the factor that the cost of aluminum has remained virtually unchanged for many years. When using conductive aluminum alloys for the manufacture of thin wire, winding wire, etc. Certain difficulties may arise in connection with their insufficient strength and a small number of kinks before fracture. In recent years, aluminum alloys have been developed, which even in a soft state have strength characteristics that allow them to be used as a conductive material. One of the promising areas for the use of aluminum is the electrical industry. Conducting aluminum alloys type of the E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) are representatives of this group of alloys and belong to heat-strengthened alloys. They are distinct by high strength and good ductility. These alloys, with appropriate heat treatment, acquire high electrical conductivity. The producing made from it are used almost exclusively for overhead power lines. The paper presents the results of a study of the anodic behavior of aluminum E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) alloy with tin in a medium electrolyte of 0.03; 0.3 and 3.0% NaCl. Corrosion-electrochemical studies of the alloys were carried out by the potentiostatic method in potentiostat PI-50-1.1 at a potential sweep speed of 2 mV/s. It is shown that alloying E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) alloy with tin increases its corrosion resistance by 20%. The main electrochemical potentials of the E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) alloy, when doped with tin, shift to a positive range of values, and from the concentration of sodium chloride in the negative direction of the ordinate.

scholarly journals Corrosion-electrochemical behavior of an aluminum conductive E-AlMgSi alloy (aldrey) with tin in the environment of NaCl electrolyte

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
I. N. Ganiev ◽  
A. P. Abulakov ◽  
J. H. Jayloev ◽  
F. A. Aliev ◽  
A. R. Rashidov
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Sweep Rate ◽  
Potential Sweep Rate ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Potential Sweep ◽  
Conductive Material ◽  
Soft State ◽  
Winding Wire ◽  
The Cost

The economic feasibility of using aluminum as a conductive material is explained by the favorable ratio of its cost to the cost of copper. In addition, one should take into account the factor that the cost of aluminum remains practically unchanged for many years. When using conductive aluminum alloys for the manufacture of thin wire, winding wire, etc. Certain difficulties may arise in connection with their insufficient strength and a small number of kinks before fracture. In recent years, aluminum alloys have been developed, which even in a soft state have strength characteristics that allow them to be used as a conductive material. One of the promising areas for the use of aluminum is the electrical industry. Conductive aluminum alloys type E-AlMgSi (aldrey) are representatives of this group of alloys and treats heat-strengthened alloys. They are distinguished by high strength and good ductility. These alloys with appropriate heat treatment acquires high electrical conductivity. The wires made from it are used almost exclusively for overhead power lines.In the work presents the results of the study of the anodic behavior of aluminum alloy E-AlMgSi (aldrey) with tin, in a medium electrolyte 0.03; 0.3 и 3.0% NaCl. A corrosion-electrochemical study of alloys was carried out using the potentiostatic method on a PI-50-1.1 potentiostat at a potential sweep rate of 2 mV/s. It is shown that alloying E-AlMgSi (aldrey) c with tin increases its corrosion resistance by 20%. The main electrochemical potentials of the alloys when doping with tin are shifted to the positive range of values, and from the concentration of sodium chloride in the negative direction of the ordinate axis.

scholarly journals Influence of bismuth additives on the thermophysical and thermodynamic properties of aluminum conductive alloy E-AlMgSi (Aldrey)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
I. N. Ganiev ◽  
A. P. Abdulakov ◽  
J. H. Jayloev ◽  
U. Sh. Yakubov ◽  
A. G. Safarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Heat Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Gibbs Energy ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Thermodynamic Functions ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Conductive Material ◽  
The Cost

The economic feasibility of using aluminum as a conductive material is explained by the favorable ratio of its cost to the cost of copper. It is also important that the cost of aluminum for many years remains virtually unchanged.When using conductive aluminum alloys for the manufacture of thin wire, winding wire, etc. Certain difficulties may arise in connection with their insufficient strength and a small number of kinks before fracture. In recent years, aluminum alloys have been developed, which even in a soft state have strength characteristics that allow them to be used as a conductive material.One of the promising areas for the use of aluminum is the electrical industry. Conducting aluminum alloys of the E-AlMgSi type (Aldrey) are representatives of this group of alloys. The paper presents the results of a study of the temperature dependence of heat capacity, heat transfer coefficient, and thermodynamic functions of an aluminum alloy E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) with bismuth. Research conducted in the "cooling" mode.It was shown that the temperature capacity and the thermodynamic functions of the alloy E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) with bismuth increase with temperature, and the Gibbs energy decreases. Additives of bismuth up to 1 wt.% Reduce heat capacity, heat transfer coefficient, enthalpy and entropy of the initial alloy and increase the value of Gibbs energy.

scholarly journals Effect of bismuth additions on the thermophysical and thermodynamical properties of E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) aluminum semiconductor alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
Izatullo N. Ganiev ◽  
Aslam P. Abulakov ◽  
Jamshed H. Jayloev ◽  
Umarali Sh. Yakubov ◽  
Amirsho G. Safarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Gibbs Energy ◽  
Thermodynamic Functions ◽  
Heat Conductivity ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Cooling Mode ◽  
Conductive Material ◽  
The Cost

The economic feasibility of using aluminum as a conductive material is explained by the favorable ratio of its cost to the cost of copper. In addition, one should take into account that the cost of aluminum has remained virtually unchanged for many years. When using conductive aluminum alloys for the manufacture of thin wire, winding wire, etc., certain difficulties may arise in connection with their insufficient strength and a small number of kinks before fracture. Aluminum alloys have been developed in recent years which even in a soft state have strength characteristics that allow them to be used as a conductive material. The electrochemical industry is one of the promising application fields of aluminum. E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) conductor aluminum alloys represent this group of alloys. This work presents data on the temperature dependence of heat capacity, heat conductivity and thermodynamic functions of the E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) aluminum alloy doped with bismuth. The studies have been carried out in "cooling" mode. It has been shown that the heat capacity and thermodynamic functions of the E-AlMgSi (Aldrey) aluminum alloy doped with bismuth increase with temperature and the Gibbs energy decreases. Bismuth additions of up to 1 wt.% reduce the heat capacity, heat conductivity, enthalpy and entropy of the initial alloy and increase the Gibbs energy.

Economic feasibility of restoration of degraded and neglected lands

2020 ◽  
pp. 79-90
Author(s):  
Anastasiya V. Mironova ◽  
Igor’ V. Liskin ◽  
Irina I. Afonina
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Fallow Lands ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Regions Of Russia

Neglect of soils leads to their degradation, worsens useful properties, and reduces fertility and productivity. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in conducting a comparative analysis of technologies for treating degraded soils, taking into account the economic feasibility of their restoration in non-black-soil regions of Russia. (Materials and methods) The article shows the main technological scheme of restoration of degraded soils. Authors have identified the main groups of land that are located in non-black-soil regions of Russia. (Results and discussion) The article presents the need for equipment, economic and labor costs for the restoration of each type of land in the non-black-soil regions of Russia. Authors took into account that the salary of machine operators depends on the time of direct execution of the task. It was found that the restoration of virgin and fallow lands was the most preferable from the economic, energy-saving and environmental points of view. The article shows that the restoration of pasture areas exceeds the cost of processing virgin lands, but the number of necessary machine and tractor units is comparable to work on virgin lands. Authors recommend to develop the soils with woody and shrubby vegetation in the first place, starting with land occupied by young plants. It is necessary to take into account the criteria for the fertility of the soil layer. It was found that soils with a small excess of moisture have small cost of its development, while on heavily swampy soils the cost of work on their development is many times higher than the cost of restoring other types of land. (Conclusion) The article shows that the restoration of neglected land is a necessary condition for improving the provision of human needs for food and a number of industrial goods. First of all, it is necessary to develop land that requires minimal investment of economic and labor costs.

scholarly journals Economic and environmental assessment of bacterial poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Kepa Izaguirre ◽  
Leire Barañano ◽  
Sonia Castañón ◽  
José A. L. Santos ◽  
M. Teresa Cesário ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Organic Fraction ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThe management of municipal solid waste is a major logistic and environmental problem worldwide. Nonetheless, the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is a valuable source of nutrients which can be used for a variety of purposes, according to the Circular Economy paradigm. Among the possible applications, the bioproduction of a biodegradable polyester, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB)], using OFMSW as carbon platform is a promising strategy. Here, an economic and environmental assessment of bacterial P(3HB) production from OFMSW is presented based on previously published results. The SuperPro Designer® software was used to simulate P(3HB) production under our experimental parameters. Two scenarios were proposed depending on the fermentation medium: (1) enzymatic hydrolysate of OFMSW supplemented with glucose and plum waste juice; and (2) basal medium supplemented with glucose and plum waste juice. According to our results, both scenarios are not economically feasible under our experimental parameters. In Scenario 1, the low fermentation yield, the cost of the enzymes, the labour cost and the energy consumption are the factors that most contribute to that result. In Scenario 2, the cost of the extraction solvent and the low fermentation yield are the most limiting factors. The possibility of using process waste as raw material for the generation of other products must be investigated to enhance economic feasibility. From an environmental viewpoint, the photochemical oxidation potential (derived from the use of anisole as extraction solvent) and the generation of acid rain and global warming effect (caused by the burning of fuels for power generation) are the most relevant impacts associated to P(3HB) production under our experimental parameters.

scholarly journals Surface Modification of Aluminum 6061-O Alloy by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation to Improve Corrosion Resistance Properties

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Dzhurinskiy ◽  
Stanislav S. Dautov ◽  
Petr G. Shornikov ◽  
Iskander Sh. Akhatov
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Electrolytic Oxidation ◽  
Coating Layers ◽  
Plasma Electrolytic ◽  
High Strength Aluminum Alloys

In the present investigation, the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process was employed to form aluminum oxide coating layers to enhance corrosion resistance properties of high-strength aluminum alloys. The formed protective coating layers were examined by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and characterized by several electrochemical techniques, including open circuit potential (OCP), linear potentiodynamic polarization (LP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results were reported in comparison with the bare 6061-O aluminum alloy to determine the corrosion performance of the coated 6061-O alloy. The PEO-treated aluminum alloy showed substantially higher corrosion resistance in comparison with the untreated substrate material. A relationship was found between the coating formation stage, process parameters and the thickness of the oxide-formed layers, which has a measurable influence on enhancing corrosion resistance properties. This study demonstrates promising results of utilizing PEO process to enhance corrosion resistance properties of high-strength aluminum alloys and could be recommended as a method used in industrial applications.

scholarly journals Mineral carbonation process of carbon dioxide using animal bone

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110196
Author(s):  
Brendon Mpofu ◽  
Hembe E Mukaya ◽  
Diakanua B Nkazi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Mineral Carbonation ◽  
Agitation Rate ◽  
Carbonation Reaction ◽  
Carbonation Process ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cow Bone

Carbon dioxide has been identified as one of the greenhouse gases responsible for global warming. Several carbon capture and storage technologies have been developed to mitigate the large quantities of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere, but these are quite expensive and not easy to implement. Thus, this research analyses the technical and economic feasibility of using calcium leached from cow bone to capture and store carbon dioxide through the mineral carbonation process. The capturing process of carbon dioxide was successful using the proposed technique of leaching calcium from cow shinbone (the tibia) in the presence of HCl by reacting the calcium solution with gaseous carbon dioxide. AAS and XRF analysis were used to determine the concentration of calcium in leached solutions and the composition of calcium in cow bone respectively. The best leaching conditions were found to be 4 mole/L HCl and leaching time of 6 h. Under these conditions, a leaching efficiency of 91% and a calcium conversion of 83% in the carbonation reaction were obtained. Other factors such as carbonation time, agitation rate, and carbonation reaction temperature had little effect on the yield. A preliminary cost analysis showed that the cost to capture 1 ton of CO2 with the proposed technique is about US$ 268.32, which is in the acceptable range of the capturing process. However, the cost of material used and electricity should be reviewed to reduce the preliminary production cost.

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