scholarly journals Four new species of the trapdoor spider genus Conothele Thorell, 1878 (Araneae, Halonoproctidae) from China

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 833 ◽  
pp. 133-150
Author(s):  
Hao Liu ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Zengtao Zhang ◽  
Fengxiang Liu ◽  
Daiqin Li
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Nucleotide Substitution ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Hainan Province ◽  
Genital Morphology ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Specific Nucleotide ◽  
Female Genital

Herein four species of the trapdoor spider genus Conothele Thorell, 1878 collected from China are described as new to science based on the female genital morphology: C.baishasp. n. (Hainan Province), C.baotingsp. n. (Hainan Province), C.linzhisp. n. (Tibet), and C.jinggangshansp. n. (Jiangxi Province). For two Hainan species, C.baishasp. n. and C.baotingsp. n., between which it is difficult to distinguish solely based on female genital morphology, additional diagnoses derived from species-specific nucleotide substitution information and genetic distances using the mitochondrial gene, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I are provided.

Integrative description of five Pseudechiniscus species (Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae: the suillus-facettalis complex)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4763 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
MILENA ROSZKOWSKA ◽  
DARIA GROBYS ◽  
TOMASZ BARTYLAK ◽  
MAGDALENA GAWLAK ◽  
HANNA KMITA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Species Discrimination ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Morphology And Morphometry ◽  
Species Specific

Pseudechiniscus is a morphologically homogeneous heterotardigrade genus with a relatively low number of morphological features useful for the species discrimination. The species of the Pseudechiniscus suillus-facettalis complex are some of the most challenging tardigrades to identify. Here, we examine several populations from Antarctica, Italy, Madagascar and Norway that would have most likely been attributed to Pse. suillus prior to the recent redescription of the species. Populations were analysed using integrative taxonomy—a combination of classical morphology and morphometry, as well as genetic data. Besides minute differences in dorsal sculpture and morphometry, we found clear, species-specific differences in ventral sculpture which are very useful in discrimination of Pseudechiniscus species. Based on morphology (mainly ventral sculpture) and significant genetic distances in COI and ITS-2 sequences, we describe five new species: Pse. angelusalas sp. nov. from Madagascar, Pse. dastychi sp. nov. from Antarctica, Pse. ehrenbergi sp. nov. from Italy as well as Pse. indistinctus sp. nov. and Pse. lacyformis sp. nov. from Norway. Finally, we provide an updated phylogenetic tree of the genus Pseudechiniscus based on COI sequences. 

Descriptions of two new species of Hemileucinae (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) from the region of Muzo in Colombia—evidence from morphology and DNA barcodes

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1944 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
THIBAUD DECAËNS ◽  
RODOLPHE ROUGERIE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Ground Colour ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Additional Support

Two new species of Hemileucinae are described from the region of Muzo (Boyaca department) in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. Leucanella bonillensis, new species, is a small greyish species whose closest relatives are L. newmani (Lemaire) and L. acutissima (Walker). It can be distinguished from those two species by several subtle differences in wing pattern and coloration as well as a few characters of the male genitalia, which are overall very conserved within the genus. Cerodirphia zulemae, new species, belongs to the very uniform species-group of C. speciosa (Cramer), characterised by a pink ground colour and the presence of a “Y”-shaped discal mark on the forewing. Based on its male genitalia, the new species is related to C. brunnea (Draudt) and C. apunctata Dias & Lemaire. It may be distinguished from the former by its more vivid ground colour, but detailed examination of the male genitalia are necessary to differentiate it from C. apunctata. Colour pictures of the habitus of the new species and their relatives are provided, and their genital structures are figured as well, including both sexes for C. zulemae. We also provide additional support to these descriptions based on genetic data obtained in the context of a global DNA barcoding campaign recently initiated for saturniid moths. Both L. bonillensis and C. zulemae are unambiguously distinguished from closest relatives based on genetic distances (no intraspecific distances in either case; interspecific distance ranges 5.6–6.6% and 6.7–12.5%, respectively) and inference of phylogenetic hypotheses based on partial sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene. These results emphasize the potential of DNA barcoding to support taxonomic work in species-groups considered difficult to address through morphology.

scholarly journals New species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann, 1903 (Characiformes: Characidae) with comments on the Moenkhausia oligolepis species complex

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo C. Benine ◽  
Tatiane C. Mariguela ◽  
Claudio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Body Coloration ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
High Genetic Distance

A new species of Moenkhausia is described from tributaries of the rio Paraguay, Brazil. The new species is diagnosed from congeners by characters related to body coloration, the number of lateral line scales, the degree of poring of the lateral line, and number of scales rows above and below the lateral line. Molecular analyses using partial sequences of the mitochondrial gene Cytochrome Oxidase I from specimens of the new species and specimens belonging to morphologically similar species demonstrated that the new species is easily differentiated by their high genetic distance and by their position in the phylogenetic hypothesis obtained through the Maximum Parsimony methodology. The analyses of three samples of M. oligolepis also revealed that they have high genetic distances and belong to different monophyletic groups suggesting that this species corresponds to a species complex rather than a single species.

A new frog species of the genus Odorrana (Anura: Ranidae) from Yunnan, China

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4908 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-275
Author(s):  
XIAOLONG LIU ◽  
YANHONG HE ◽  
YUFAN WANG ◽  
WOUTER BEUKEMA ◽  
SHAOBIN HOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Frog Species ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Mitochondrial Phylogeny

The Chinese-Myanmar border area forms part of a long-acknowledged biodiversity hotspot. This region is characterised by dramatic topography and diverse landscapes, which support a high degree of biodiversity and endemism that remains largely understudied. Based on recent survey efforts we here describe a new frog species of the genus Odorrana from this area. Found in Dulongjiang village, Yunnan, China, the new species differs from a morphological perspective from its congeners through the combination of a grass-green dorsum with black posterior spots, absence of dorsolateral folds, a distinct pineal body, presence of supratympanic folds, absence of outer metacarpal, metatarsal and supernumerary tubercles, and a pair of external subgular vocal sacs. From a molecular perspective, pairwise genetic distances of 4.8% to 11.6% for DNA sequences of the mitochondrial gene for 16S ribosomal RNA differentiate the new species from other Odorrana. Our mitochondrial phylogeny suggests that the new species is a deeply divergent genetic lineage clustering with the clade including Odorrana wuchuanensis, and the Odorrana andersonii and Odorrana margaretae groups. The discovery of this new species emphasizes the need for further herpetological studies in the China-Myanmar border region. 

scholarly journals The smallest ‘true chameleon’ from Madagascar: a new, distinctly colored species of the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata, Chamaeleonidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Prötzel ◽  
Shea M. Lambert ◽  
Ginah Tsiorisoa Andrianasolo ◽  
Carl R. Hutter ◽  
Kerry A. Cobb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Pairwise Distance ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Small Range

On a recent expedition to eastern Madagascar, we discovered a distinct new species of the genusCalummathat we describe here using an integrative approach combining morphology, coloration, osteology and molecular genetics.Calummaroalokosp. n.has a dermal rostral appendage and occipital lobes, and belongs to theC.boettgericomplex, within the Madagascar-endemic pheneticC.nasutumspecies group. It is readily distinguished from other species of theC.boettgericomplex by a characteristic two-toned body coloration and small body size with a snout-vent length of 45.6 mm in an adult male. The osteology of the skull, with a prominent maxilla and broad parietal, is similar to the closest related species,C.uetzi. Analysis of uncorrected genetic distances within theC.nasutumgroup using the mitochondrial gene ND2 shows a minimum pairwise distance of 11.98% toC.uetzifrom the Sorata massif and Marojejy National Park >500 km north of the type locality ofC.roalokosp. n.. Given an apparently small range (potentially <300 km2), located entirely outside of any nationally-protected areas, we recommend this new species be classified as Endangered under criterion B1ab(iii) of the IUCN Red List. The discovery of clearly distinct species likeC.roalokosp. n.in an area of Madagascar that is comparatively thoroughly surveyed highlights the critical role of continued field surveys for understanding the true extent of Madagascar’s spectacular biodiversity.

Gekko phuyenensis sp. nov. (Squamata: Gekkonidae), a new species from southern Vietnam

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4966 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
VU DANG HOANG NGUYEN ◽  
LUAN THANH NGUYEN ◽  
NIKOLAI L. ORLOV ◽  
ROBERT W. MURPHY ◽  
SANG NGOC NGUYEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Hind Limbs ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Gene Coi ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the genus Gekko Laurenti, 1768 is described from Phu Yen Province, southern Vietnam based on morphological and molecular evidence. Gekko phuyenensis sp. nov. differs from other congeners by its moderate size, with a snout-vent length of 90.2–92.8 mm; nares in contact with rostral; internasal 1; interorbitals 35 or 36; ventrals 30–32; dorsal tubercle rows 9 or 10; precloacal pores 12 or 13 in males and precloacal pits 13 in female; subdigital lamellae under first finger 18–21, fourth finger 19 or 20, first toe 18–20, and fourth toe 21–23; subcaudals median enlarged; no webbing between toes; and the absence of tubercles on hind limbs. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial gene COI (681 bp) using the geckos from Phu Yen and its congeners in southern Vietnam resolve the new species as the sister lineage to G. cf. grossmanni from Khanh Hoa Province. Genetic distances between G. phuyenensis sp. nov. and its congeners in southern Vietnam range from 16.9–24.2%. The discovery of this new species raises the number of known species of Gekko in Vietnam to 14. 

A bio-syringe mechanism and the pattern of genital correspondence in the weevil genus Sitona (Coleoptera: Curculionidae): an approach to the great interest of Sharp and Muir

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4933 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-526
Author(s):  
MAHMOOD ALICHI
Keyword(s):  
Bursa Copulatrix ◽  
Genital Morphology ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Transfer ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Thickened Wall ◽  
Isolating Mechanism ◽  
Transfer Apparatus ◽  
Female Genital

The remarkable diversity in male and female genital morphology among the species of Sitona Germar might contribute to the understanding of the structural “lock-and-key” isolating mechanism. Recently, it has been found that in spite of the phallic sizes in male weevils of the genus Sitona, their internal sacs should precisely match with the vaginal infoldings of conspecific females. The present research also deals with the male transfer apparatus, which is a special organ for insemination procedure inside the female bursa copulatrix. A wedge-shaped structure with a fused ejaculatory pump was distinguished as the bio-syringe part of the transfer apparatus in the examined species. Two paired sclerites of the transfer apparatus support the bio-syringe, so that it would slide freely between them and lock precisely over the opening of the spermathecal duct inside the bursa copulatrix of the female. In this phenomenon, several new structures were also found, including a bursal sclerite (“bursal disc”) and a pair of miniature pouches (“bursal plugs”) which are embedded in the thickened wall of the female bursal lumen. These findings explain how the shapes of male and female copulatory organs are normally species-specific and provide an opportunity for understanding the role of the structural lock-and-key isolating mechanism. 

scholarly journals Discovery of a new mammal species (Soricidae: Eulipotyphla) from Narcondam volcanic island, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manokaran Kamalakannan ◽  
Chandrakasan Sivaperuman ◽  
Shantanu Kundu ◽  
Govindarasu Gokulakrishnan ◽  
Chinnadurai Venkatraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽  
Volcanic Island ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Gene

AbstractWe discovered a new Crocidura species of shrew (Soricidae: Eulipotyphla) from Narcondam Island, India by using both morphological and molecular approaches. The new species, Crocidura narcondamica sp. nov. is of medium size (head and body lengths) and has a distinct external morphology (darker grey dense fur with a thick, darker tail) and craniodental characters (braincase is rounded and elevated with weak lambdoidal ridges) in comparison to other close congeners. This is the first discovery of a shrew from this volcanic island and increases the total number of Crocidura species catalogued in the Indian checklist of mammals to 12. The newly discovered species shows substantial genetic distances (12.02% to 16.61%) to other Crocidura species known from the Indian mainland, the Andaman and Nicobar Archipelago, Myanmar, and from Sumatra. Both Maximum-Likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic inferences, based on mitochondrial (cytochrome b) gene sequences showed distinct clustering of all included soricid species and exhibit congruence with the previous evolutionary hypothesis on this mammalian group. The present phylogenetic analyses also furnished the evolutionary placement of the newly discovered species within the genus Crocidura.

Four new Burmese species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from distantly related parapatric clades from the Shan Plateau and Salween Basin

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4758 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. LEE GRISMER ◽  
PERRY L. JR. WOOD ◽  
EVAN S. H. QUAH ◽  
MYINT KYAW THURA ◽  
JAMIE R. OAKS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
The South ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
North And South ◽  
Northwestern Thailand

An integrative taxonomic analysis based on morphology, color pattern, and the mitochondrial gene ND2 recovered four new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker that are endemic to the Shan Plateau or Salween Basin in eastern Myanmar. Hemiphyllodactylus ngwelwini sp. nov. from the Shan Plateau is part of the earlier described “eastern Myanmar clade” renamed herein as the north lineage and H. kyaiktiyoensis sp. nov. and H. pinlaungensis sp. nov. of the Shan Plateau and H. zwegabinensis sp. nov. of the Salween Basin compose an entirely new Burmese clade herein referred to as the south lineage. Although the north and south lineages come within 46 km of one another on the Shan Plateau, they are not sister lineages but sequentially separated by two lineages from Yunnan, China and another from northwestern Thailand. Hemiphyllodactylus zwegabinensis sp. nov. is the first species of this genus to be recorded from the Salween Basin and is known only from a wind-blown cloud forest on the top of the insular, karstic mountain Zwegabin in Kayin State. All other Burmese species except for H. typus, are endemic to the various localities throughout the Shan Plateau. These four new species bring the total number of Hemiphyllodactylus in Myanmar to at least 10 which is certainly an extreme underestimate of the diversity of this genus given that we discover new species at every upland locality we survey. 

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