The morphology of the immature stages of Squamapion atomarium (Kirby, 1808) (Coleoptera, Brentidae) and notes on its life cycle

The immature stages (egg, mature larva and pupa) of Squamapion atomarium (Kirby, 1808), as well as its development cycle and the phenology of its developmental stages, are described for the first time. The larva and pupa of S. atomarium have typical morphological features of the subfamily Apioninae. Morphological data on the immature stages were compared with the only fully described Squamapion species, S. elongatum (Germar, 1817). The larvae of the two species differ in body size and shape, head shape, setae length, the chaetotaxy of the mouthparts, and individual types of setae on the pronotum and thorax. In the case of the pupa, there are also differences in body size and in the type of setae and chaetotaxy of the head, pronotum, metanotum and abdomen.

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Redescription of immature stages of central European fireflies, Part 3: Phosphaenus hemipterus (Goeze, 1777) larva, and notes on its life cycle and behaviour, with a key to three central European lampyrid larvae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4382.3.2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4382 (3) ◽

pp. 450

Author(s):

MARTIN NOVÁK

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Scanning Electron Microscope ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Sense Organs ◽

Predatory Behaviour ◽

Mature Larva ◽

Central European ◽

Scanning Electron

The mature larva of the elusive firefly Phosphaenus hemipterus (Goeze, 1777) is thoroughly redescribed and illustrated with detailed images, including scanning electron microscope figures. The external sense organs and their significance is discussed, as well as the predatory behaviour and specific lifestyle of the larva. A key to the central European lampyrid larvae (viz. P. hemipterus, Lamprohiza splendidula (Linnaeus, 1767) and Lampyris noctiluca (Linnaeus, 1758)) is provided as well as a comparative table of their morphological features.

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The Immature Stages, Biology, and Phylogenetic Relationships of Rotunda rotundapex (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

Journal of Insect Science ◽

10.1093/jisesa/iez025 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rung-Juen Lin ◽

Michael F Braby ◽

Yu-Feng Hsu

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Host Plants ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Phylogenetic Position ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Systematic Classification ◽

Separate Genus ◽

Young Leaves ◽

Segment 8 ◽

First Time

Abstract The life history, morphology, and biology of the immature stages and phylogenetic relationships of Rotunda rotundapex (Miyata & Kishida, 1990) are described and illustrated for the first time. The species is univoltine: eggs hatch in spring (March or April) and the life cycle from egg to adult is completed in about 3 wk, with larvae developing rapidly on young leaves of the host plants, Morus australis and to a lesser extent Broussonetia monoica (Moraceae), and adults emerging in April–May. Eggs are laid in clusters on twigs of the host plant, are covered by scales during female oviposition, and remain in diapause for the remainder of the year (i.e., for 10–11 mo). Larvae (all instars) are unique among the Bombycidae in that they lack a horn on abdominal segment 8. A strongly supported molecular phylogeny based on six genes (5.0 Kbp: COI, EF-1α, RpS5, CAD, GAPDH, and wgl) representing seven genera of Bombycinae from the Old World revealed that Rotunda is a distinct monotypic lineage sister to Bombyx. This phylogenetic position, together with morphological data of the immature stages (egg and larval chaetotaxy), supports the current systematic classification in which the species rotundapex has been placed in a separate genus (Rotunda) from Bombyx in which it was previously classified.

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The Black Parlatoria Scale, Parlatoria ziziphi (Lucas, 1853) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Diaspididae): a guide to field identification

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485320000279 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 111 (1) ◽

pp. 39-48

Author(s):

Hanen Jendoubi ◽

Ferran Garcia-Mari ◽

Agatino Russo ◽

Pompeo Suma

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Invasive Pest ◽

Sour Orange ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Male And Female ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

Life Cycle Stages ◽

Field Identification ◽

Correct Species Identification

AbstractPest control is easier and more effective when pests are correctly identified. The Black Parlatoria Scale, Parlatoria ziziphi (Lucas, 1853) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Diaspididae) is an important invasive pest in citrus-growing countries. This diaspidid has historically been difficult to control, because its immature stages are difficult to identify due to confusion with similar Parlatoria species. No field descriptions of female or male developmental stages are available for P. ziziphi. We provide the first description of field characteristics of the developmental stages of P. ziziphi. Colonies were reared in the laboratory on sour orange plants and lemon fruits to illustrate the distinctive features of each instar. An illustrated field guide of all life-cycle stages of male and female P. ziziphi is provided for correct species identification and better pest management. This tool is designed to help recognize P. ziziphi in field-scouting programmes or quarantine inspections, without the need for taxonomic expertise in identifying the Parlatoria group.

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The life history and ecology of the snow alga Chloromonas polyptera comb. nov. (Chlorophyta, Volvocales)

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b83-266 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 61 (9) ◽

pp. 2416-2429 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Ronald W. Hoham ◽

John E. Mullet ◽

Stephen C. Roemer

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Laboratory Observation ◽

Vegetative Cells ◽

Snow Algae ◽

Algal Succession ◽

Snow Alga ◽

Low Levels ◽

Increasing Temperature ◽

First Time

Snow algae previously designated as Carteria nivale, Scotiella polyptera, S. polyptera var. polimantii, and S. polyptera var. magellanica were found to be developmental stages of the zygote of Chloromonas polyptera comb. nov. Five species of Scotiella from snow have now been identified as zygotes of different specis of Chloromonas. In this life cycle, biflagellate vegetative cells, zoospores, gametes, and sexual reproduction are reported for the first time. The different forms of the zygote have been reported previously in the literature from several parts of the world, but have been misinterpreted as several distinct taxa of snow algae. The stages in the life cycle of Chloromonas polyptera occur in old, rapidly melting snowbanks, usually less than 30 cm deep. In the same snowbanks, zygotes of C. polyptera germinate later than those reported for Chloromonas nivalis, Chloromonas brevispina, and Chloromonas pichinchae indicating the occurrence of algal succession. Higher light intensity and a more saturated snowbank appear necessary for germination of zygotes of C. polyptera when compared with other species of Chloromonas found in snow. Low levels of carbon dioxide in snow may be limiting for growth of C. polyptera and vegetative cells are sensitive to increasing temperature as observed through laboratory observation. Freezing does not appear to initiate meiosis in the zygotes of C. polyptera as reported for other Volvocalean algae found in snow.

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Some aspects of the moss population development on the Svalbard glaciers

Czech Polar Reports ◽

10.5817/cpr2015-2-14 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 160-175 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Olga A. Belkina ◽

Anna A. Vilnet

Keyword(s):

Genetic Heterogeneity ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Morphological Features ◽

Population Development ◽

Ablation Zone ◽

Sanionia Uncinata ◽

First Time

Glaciers are rather unusual habitat for mosses, but sometimes they can be suitable for some species due to presence of sufficient moisture and cryoconite substrate in the ablation zone. To date, moss populations were found only on a few glaciers in Alaska, Iceland and Svalbard. An origin and development of moss cushions on ice (so called "glacier mice") are still unclear. In this study, some aspects of the moss population development were explored on ice of the Svalbard glaciers – Bertilbreen (Billefjorden) and Austre Grnfjordbreen (Grnfjorden) in 2012 and 2013. On Bertilbreen, populations of Hygrohypnella polaris (Lindb.) Ignatov & Ignatova and Schistidium abrupticostatum (Bryhn) Ignatova & H.H. Blom were found for the first time. Due to putative morphological features, identification of S. abrupticostatum was confirmed by com-paring ITS1-2 nrDNA sequence data to BLAST searches (megablast). The results indicated a genetic heterogeneity of the population. Although visually moss-free, examination of cryoconite sediments revealed development of new individuals of S. abrupticostatum from filamentous structures consisting of caulonema and rhizoids. The developmental stages of young plants were revealed. Therefore, besides fragmen-tation of existing cushions, cryoconite sediments provided a source of new moss cush-ions in glacier populations. Additionally a few plants of Pohlia cf. wahlenbergii (F. Weber & D. Mohr) Andrews and a gametophyte fragment of Philonotis sp. were found in aggregation of cryoconite. Presence of Paludella squarrosa (Hedw.) Brid. reported for Bertilbreen has not been confirmed. On Austre Grnfjordbreen Bryum cryophilum Mrtensson, Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske were found invading into some Hygrohypnella polaris cushions. Each moss polster on ice represents a separate mini-ecosystem that includes successive colonization events.

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First Descriptions of Larva and Pupa of Bagous claudicans Boheman, 1845 (Curculionidae, Bagoinae) and Systematic Position of the Species Based on Molecular and Morphological Data

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects10060166 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 166

Author(s):

Rafał Gosik ◽

Miłosz A. Mazur ◽

Natalia Sawka-Gądek

Keyword(s):

Feeding Habits ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Systematic Position ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Larval Morphology ◽

Mature Larva ◽

Larval Stages ◽

First Time ◽

Specimen Identification ◽

First Descriptions

In this paper, the mature larva and pupa of Bagous claudicans are described and illustrated for the first time. Measurements of younger larval instars are also given. The biology of the species is discussed in association with larval morphology and feeding habits. Overall larval and pupal morphological characters of the genus Bagous are presented. Confirmation of the larva identification as Bagous claudicans species was conducted by cytochrome oxidase I (COI) sequencing. DNA barcoding was useful for specimen identification of larval stages. The systematic position of the species within the Bagous collignensis-group, based on morphological and molecular results, is also discussed.

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Immature Stages and Life Cycle of the Wasp Moth,Cosmosoma auge(Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) under Laboratory Conditions

Psyche A Journal of Entomology ◽

10.1155/2014/328030 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Gunnary León-Finalé ◽

Alejandro Barro

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Host Plant ◽

Pupal Stage ◽

Immature Stages ◽

New Host ◽

Mikania Micrantha ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Arctiid Moth ◽

First Time ◽

Cuban Population

Cosmosoma auge(Linnaeus 1767) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) is a Neotropical arctiid moth common in Cuban mountainous areas; however, its life cycle remains unknown. In this work,C. augelife cycle is described for the first time; also, immature stages are described using a Cuban population. Larvae were obtained from gravid wild females caught in Viñales National Park and were fed with fresh leaves of its host plant, the climbing hempweedMikania micranthaKunth (Asterales: Asteraceae), which is a new host plant record. Eggs are hemispherical and hatching occurred five days after laying. Larval period had six instars and lasted between 20 and 22 days. First and last larval stages are easily distinguishable from others. First stage has body covered by chalazae and last stage has body covered by verrucae as other stages but has a tuft on each side of A1 and A7. Eggs and larvae features agree with Arctiinae pattern. Pupal stage lasted eight days, and, in general, females emerge before males as a result of pupal stage duration differences between sexes.

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Studies on the biology, immature stages and relative groowth of some Australian bugs of the superfamily Coreoidea (Hemiptera : Heteroptera)

Australian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1071/zo9660895 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 895 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

R Kumar

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Relative Growth ◽

The Status ◽

First Time

The biology and immature stages of 11 species of native Australian bugs of the superfamily Coreoidea are studied and their relevance to the status of the included taxa are considered. The immature stages of Hyocephalidae and Agriopocorinae are described for the first time and an account of the life cycle of the former is given. The morphology of the coreoid larvae is studied in detail and the relative growth of pronotum and antennal and leg segments is studied in six species of Coreidae and Alydidae. Hypothesis 1 of Matsuda (1961) has been supported.

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The immature stages of Elachista zonulae (Sruoga, 1992) (Lepidoptera: Elachistidae)

Entomologica Fennica ◽

10.33338/ef.84484 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 239-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tomasz Baran

Keyword(s):

Life History ◽

Host Plant ◽

Leaf Blade ◽

Food Plant ◽

Young Larva ◽

Immature Stages ◽

New Host ◽

Mature Larva ◽

History Of ◽

First Time

The morphology of larva and pupa, as well as larval mines of Elachista zonulae (Sruoga, 1992) are described and illustrated for the first time. Carex firma Host is reported as a new host plant ofthe species; previously only Carex sempervirens Vill. was known to be host plant of E. zonulae. Some information on life history of this elachistid moth is also provided. The mature larva is 4.5—5.5 mm long. Pupation takes place usually at base of leaf blade of the food plant. The species is univoltine and hibernates as young larva.

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Redescription of the little-known Australian geometrid moth Palleopa innotata Walker, 1866 (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae)

Insect Systematics & Evolution ◽

10.1163/187631201x00209 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 263-278

Author(s):

Catherine J. Young ◽

Peter B. Mcquillan

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Sea Level ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Widespread Species ◽

South Eastern ◽

Eastern Australia ◽

Geometrid Moth ◽

First Time ◽

South Eastern Australia

AbstractThe previously overlooked geometrid genus Palleopa Walker, which includes one described, widespread species: innotata, is reviewed. The genus has an eastern Bassian distribution, south of latitude 28°S, in the moist forests and woodlands of south eastern Australia from sea level to over 1000m. The distinctive larvae feed on the foliage of Eucalyptus trees. The immature stages are described and the life cycle is illustrated for the first time.

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