Practical Applications of Valuation of Early-Stage Technology Ventures: An Approach to Derive the Discount Rate

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (Supplement1) ◽  
pp. 1.1-5
Author(s):  
Christoph P. Wessendorf ◽  
Schneider Schneider ◽  
Kai Shen ◽  
Orestis Terzidis
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Technology Ventures

Practical Applications of Valuation of Early-Stage Technology Ventures: An Approach to Derive the Discount Rate

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1.12-5
Author(s):  
Christoph P. Wessendorf ◽  
Schneider Schneider ◽  
Kai Shen ◽  
Orestis Terzidis
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Technology Ventures

Valuation of Early-Stage Technology Ventures: An Approach to Derive the Discount Rate

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-44
Author(s):  
Christoph P. Wessendorf ◽  
Jared Schneider ◽  
Kai Shen ◽  
Orestis Terzidis
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Technology Ventures

Diagnostics of metal samples using the results of experimental and theoretical study of positively charged microparticles formed upon sample destruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (10) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
D. A. Golentsov ◽  
A. G. Gulin ◽  
Vladimir A. Likhter ◽  
K. E. Ulybyshev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Total Charge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Mechanical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Using Data

Destruction of bodies is accompanied by formation of both large and microscopic fragments. Numerous experiments on the rupture of different samples show that those fragments carry a positive electric charge. his phenomenon is of interest from the viewpoint of its potential application to contactless diagnostics of the early stage of destruction of the elements in various technical devices. However, the lack of understanding the nature of this phenomenon restricts the possibility of its practical applications. Experimental studies were carried out using an apparatus that allowed direct measurements of the total charge of the microparticles formed upon sample rupture and determination of their size and quantity. The results of rupture tests of duralumin and electrical steel showed that the size of microparticles is several tens of microns, the particle charge per particle is on the order of 10–14 C, and their amount can be estimated as the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the sample at the point of discontinuity to the square of the microparticle size. A model of charge formation on the microparticles is developed proceeding from the experimental data and current concept of the electron gas in metals. The model makes it possible to determine the charge of the microparticle using data on the particle size and mechanical and electrical properties of the material. Model estimates of the total charge of particles show order-of-magnitude agreement with the experimental data.

scholarly journals Laminar Burning Velocities of Hydrogen-Blended Methane–Air and Natural Gas–Air Mixtures, Calculated from the Early Stage of p(t) Records in a Spherical Vessel

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7556
Author(s):  
Maria Mitu ◽  
Domnina Razus ◽  
Volkmar Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Burning Velocity ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Spherical Vessel ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Hydrogen Addition

The flammable hydrogen-blended methane–air and natural gas–air mixtures raise specific safety and environmental issues in the industry and transportation; therefore, their explosion characteristics such as the explosion limits, explosion pressures, and rates of pressure rise have significant importance from a safety point of view. At the same time, the laminar burning velocities are the most useful parameters for practical applications and in basic studies for the validation of reaction mechanisms and modeling turbulent combustion. In the present study, an experimental and numerical study of the effect of hydrogen addition on the laminar burning velocity (LBV) of methane–air and natural gas–air mixtures was conducted, using mixtures with equivalence ratios within 0.90 and 1.30 and various hydrogen fractions rH within 0.0 and 0.5. The experiments were performed in a 14 L spherical vessel with central ignition at ambient initial conditions. The LBVs were calculated from p(t) data, determined in accordance with EN 15967, by using only the early stage of flame propagation. The results show that hydrogen addition determines an increase in LBV for all examined binary flammable mixtures. The LBV variation versus the fraction of added hydrogen, rH, follows a linear trend only at moderate hydrogen fractions. The further increase in rH results in a stronger variation in LBV, as shown by both experimental and computed LBVs. Hydrogen addition significantly changes the thermal diffusivity of flammable CH4–air or NG–air mixtures, the rate of heat release, and the concentration of active radical species in the flame front and contribute, thus, to LBV variation.

scholarly journals Application of UHF Sensors in Power System Equipment for Partial Discharge Detection: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Chai ◽  
B.T. Phung ◽  
Steve Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Electromagnetic Interference ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Partial Discharge ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
High Signal ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Electrical Stress

Condition monitoring of an operating apparatus is essential for lifespan assessment and maintenance planning in a power system. Electrical insulation is a critical aspect to be monitored, since it is susceptible to failure under high electrical stress. To avoid unexpected breakdowns, the level of partial discharge (PD) activity should be continuously monitored because PD occurrence can accelerate the aging process of insulation in high voltage equipment and result in catastrophic failure if the associated defects are not treated at an early stage. For on-site PD detection, the ultra-high frequency (UHF) method was employed in the field and showed its effectiveness as a detection technique. The main advantage of the UHF method is its immunity to external electromagnetic interference with a high signal-to-noise ratio, which is necessary for on-site monitoring. Considering the detection process, sensors play a critical role in capturing signals from PD sources and transmitting them onto the measurement system. In this paper, UHF sensors applied in PD detection were comprehensively reviewed. In particular, for power transformers, the effects of the physical structure on UHF signals and practical applications of UHF sensors including PD localization techniques were discussed. The aim of this review was to present state-of-the-art UHF sensors in PD detection and facilitate future improvements in the UHF method.

Introductory remarks

1971 ◽  
Vol 179 (1056) ◽  
pp. 173-175
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Space Research ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Science Research Council

Under the auspices of the National Committee on Space Research, an ad hoc group on Biological Experiments was set up in 1964 and established as a sub-committee in 1966. It was given reasonable and unambiguous instructions—to consider the scientific problems that were likely to arise in 10 or more years time and not to concern itself with detailed aspects of research however relevant these might be to the flights made now by the U. S. A. and U. S. S .R. The search for alien life is the aspect of space research that interests biologists most. Various claims have been made for the appearance of life-like structures in protected environments on Earth. It seemed to the sub-committee that these deserved methodical examination lest structures found on a planet should be mistakenly accepted as biological when they could more simply have been made and studied in non-living systems here. Our opinion was not shared by the Science Research Council and the subject still awaits proper investigation. Besides the morphological approach to the search for alien life, there are proposals for a biochemical approach. The sub-committee therefore organized a symposium on ‘Anomalous aspects of biochemistry of possible significance in discussing the origins and distribution of life’ ( Proc. R. Soc. Lond . B 171, 1-89, 1968). This was designed to call attention to some of the odder biochemical activities that, in a radically different environment, might have become dominant. At an early stage in its discussions, the sub-committee agreed that the recycling of human excretions and exhalations in a space station would be a theme for research that would soon begin to have practical applications and that would retain its interest for an indefinite period thereafter. It is possible that the miniaturization of nuclear energy sources will make purely chemical methods feasible anywhere. In the neighbourhood of the sun, improved photocells may also produce the energy needed for chemical recycling, but it seemed to us that, in that region, biological methods based on photosynthesis could be more efficient and convenient. Application was made to the Science Research Council for support for several long-range research projects relevant to photosynthetic recycling. These projects had also an intrinsic purely scientific interest. Hitherto, photosynthesis has not been studied in conditions diverging greatly from those that are normal on Earth. There are no ‘normal’ conditions in a space station : performance in a more extensive range of conditions would therefore be worth study. This aspect of the proposed research is comparable to what is usually done in enzymology. Research is not there limited to the physiological range of pH, temperature, and enzyme and substrate concentration. A similarly broad-minded approach to photosynthesis and plant growth should produce interesting results.

scholarly journals Gender stereotypes in equity crowdfunding: the effect of gender bias on the interpretation of quality signals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Kleinert ◽  
Kazem Mochkabadi
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Role Congruity Theory ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
Role Congruity ◽  
Equity Crowdfunding ◽  
Quality Signals ◽  
Technology Ventures

AbstractEquity crowdfunding has the potential to democratize entrepreneurial finance and provide female entrepreneurs with new and equal access to early-stage financing. In this paper, we present first empirical evidence on gender stereotypes in the context of technology ventures in equity crowdfunding. Drawing on signaling and gender role congruity theory, we hypothesize that quality signals have different effects depending on whether they are sent by male or female entrepreneurs. Results taken from a sample of 263 equity crowdfunding campaigns run by technology ventures confirm our hypotheses. In line with gender stereotypes, management experience is beneficial for male entrepreneurs but detrimental for female entrepreneurs. Interestingly, media coverage as a third-party signal has the oppositive effect, being more effective for female entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals The Implications of Filial Piety in Study Engagement and Study Satisfaction: A Polish-Vietnamese Comparison

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Różycka-Tran ◽  
Paweł Jurek ◽  
Thi Khanh Ha Truong ◽  
Michał Olech
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Filial Piety ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
School Problems ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Study Engagement

Even in psychological literature, which describes many determining variables related to the school domain, few studies have investigated the universal (i.e., etic) mechanism underlying parent–child relations, which is a prototype matrix for future student–teacher relations. The role of the imprinted schema of children’s obligations toward parents seems to be crucial for school functioning in classroom society. The Dual Filial Piety Model (DFPM; Yeh, 2003) is comprised of two higher-order factors that correspond to the two focal filial piety attributes: reciprocal (need of interpersonal relatedness) and authoritarian (need of social belonging and national identity), which have been shown to have distinct implications on social adaptation and individuals’ psychological functioning. In this study, we investigate the relationship between filial piety and student attitudes (study engagement and satisfaction) in a more individualistic and egalitarian culture (Poland, N = 310) and in a more collectivistic and hierarchical society (Vietnam, N = 297). The measurement invariances of three scales, i.e., the Vietnamese adaptation of DFP Scale, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES–S9), and the Study Satisfaction Scale, were improved in the MLM analyses. Our results show that in more individualistic cultures, the RFP (reciprocal mode) is a stronger predictor of study engagement and study satisfaction; however, the AFP (authoritarian mode) is a better factor to predict study engagement in more collectivistic cultures. What is more, only RFP positively correlates with study satisfaction in individualistic culture. Our findings revealed that in different cultures, different aspects of filial piety should be emphasized by parents in the context of the future academic achievements of their children. The conclusion is that the prevention and intervention strategies or techniques intended for children with school problems should be culturally appropriate and addressed to the parents of kindergarten and later to very early-stage education teachers. The results of studies based on the DFPM may stimulate practical applications and policy development within the domain of success and failure in the academic environment.

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