Modulation of the murine microbiome with a concomitant anti-obesity effect by Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus sakei NR28

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ji ◽  
H. Kim ◽  
H. Park ◽  
J. Lee ◽  
S. Yeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Lactobacillus Sakei ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp

The microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) constitutes the major part of the total human microbiome and is considered to be an important regulator of human health and host metabolism. Numerous investigations in recent years have focused on the connection between the human microbiota and metabolic diseases such as obesity, type II diabetes and atherosclerosis. Yet, little is known about the impact of probiotic consumption on the GIT microbial population and the potential effect on chronic diseases. In this study, the modulation of the microbial community in the murine small intestine resulting from probiotic feeding was investigated and was found to be associated with an anti-obesity effect. Changes in the microbiota of the mouse faeces and small intestine were monitored using quantitative real-time PCR and by following the mRNA expression levels of various obesity-related biomarkers following probiotic feeding in a mouse model. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus sakei NR28 (a putative probiotic strain isolated from kimchi) were administered at a daily level of approximately 1×108 viable bacteria per mouse (C57BL/6J mice) for up to three weeks. Feeding these strains resulted in a significant reduction of epididymal fat mass, as well as obesity-related biomarkers like acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 in the liver. The total number and ratio of the microbial groups, i.e. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Clostridium cluster I and XIVab, and Lactobacillus spp. were modulated in the small intestine, and the Firmicutes:Bacteroidetes ratio was decreased. In contrast, no noticeable effect of probiotic feeding could be detected on the faecal microbiota, neither quantitatively, nor with regard to the bacterial groups (Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Clostridium cluster I and XIVab, and Lactobacillus spp.) studied.

The Impact of Storage Conditions on the Stability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 in Human Milk

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 566-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Mantziari ◽  
Juhani Aakko ◽  
Himanshu Kumar ◽  
Satu Tölkkö ◽  
Elloise du Toit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Bifidobacterium Animalis ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

Physicochemical Alterations Enhance the Ability of Dairy Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria To Remove Aflatoxin from Contaminated Media†

1998 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
HANI EL-NEZAMI ◽  
PASI KANKAANPÄÄ ◽  
SEPPO SALMINEN ◽  
JORMA AHOKAS
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Binding Ability ◽  
Physical Treatments ◽  
The Impact

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC-705, previously shown to effectively bind to aflatoxin B1, were subjected to various Chemical and physical treatments to examine the effects of these treatments on the binding affinity of these strains towards aflatoxin B1. Treatment of bacterial pellets of both strains with hydrochloric acid significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the binding ability when compared to nontreated pellets or pellets treated by other methods. An enhancement of bacterial ability to bind aflatoxin B1 was also observed when the bacterial pellets were subjected to heat treatment by either autoclaving or boiling at 100°C in a water bath, but the impact of these two treatments was not as effective as the acid treatment. Ethanol, UV radiation, sonication, alkaline, or pH treatments either had no effect or reduced the binding ability of the bacteria.

scholarly journals Microbial, Physiochemical and Sensory Properties of Bael (Aegle marmelos) Incorporated Buffalo Milk Yoghurt Containing Lb. rhamnosus GG

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinusha Yapa ◽  
Jithmi Siriwardhana ◽  
Dammika Weerathilake ◽  
Dilan Dissanayake
Keyword(s):  
Functional Foods ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Ideal Matrix

Recently, there is a trend among food manufacturers in producing functional foods containing fruit and milk. On the other hand, there is an increasing demand for buffalo milk as an alternative to cow milk. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of adding bael fruit extract on microbial, physiochemical and sensory characteristics of buffalo yoghurt containing the EPS-producing probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) during 21 days of refrigerated storage. Four formulations of buffalo yoghurt: a control yoghurt manufactured with conventional yoghurt culture (CON); a probiotic yoghurt containing Lb. rhamnosus GG plus yoghurt culture (PY); a probiotic yoghurt containing 5% (w/v) bael (PY5); and 10% (w/v) bael (PY10) were evaluated for changes in pH, syneresis, hardness, probiotic viability and sensory attributes during the storage. Control yoghurt experienced significant post acidification and a higher rate of syneresis. Addition of probiotics had a positive effect on post acidification and syneresis rate. Addition of bael did not affect post-acidification, but significantly decreased the level of syneresis. All probiotic formulations maintained LGG counts of >107 cfu/mL and the highest counts were observed in 5% (w/v) bael incorporated yoghurt. Results showed that buffalo yoghurt is an ideal matrix to deliver LGG and 5% bael incorporation would be ideal or symbiotic product development.

scholarly journals Increased Enterocyte Production in Gnotobiotic Rats Mono-Associated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 3031-3034 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Banasaz ◽  
E. Norin ◽  
R. Holma ◽  
T. Midtvedt
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Cell Kinetics ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
Germfree Rats ◽  
Number Of Cells ◽  
Microbial Status

ABSTRACT There is increasing scientific and commercial interest in using beneficial microorganisms (i.e., probiotics) to enhance intestinal health. Of the numerous microbial strains examined, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG has been most extensively studied. Daily intake of L. rhamnosus GG shortens the course of rotavirus infection by mechanisms that have not been fully elucidated. Comparative studies with germfree and conventional rats have shown that the microbial status of an animal influences the intestinal cell kinetics and morphology. The present study was undertaken to study whether establishment of L. rhamnosus GG as a mono-associate in germfree rats influences intestinal cell kinetics and morphology. L. rhamnosus GG was easily established in germfree rats. After 3 days of mono-association, the rate of mitoses in the upper part of the small intestine (jejunum 1) increased as much as 14 and 22% compared to the rates in germfree and conventional counterparts, respectively. The most striking alteration in morphology was an increase in the number of cells in the villi. We hypothesis that the compartmentalized effects of L. rhamnosus GG may represent a reparative event for the mucosa.

scholarly journals Dysosmobacter welbionis is a newly isolated human commensal bacterium preventing diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in mice

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2020-323778
Author(s):  
Tiphaine Le Roy ◽  
Emilie Moens de Hase ◽  
Matthias Van Hul ◽  
Adrien Paquot ◽  
Rudy Pelicaen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Host Metabolism ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo investigate the abundance and the prevalence of Dysosmobacter welbionis J115T, a novel butyrate-producing bacterium isolated from the human gut both in the general population and in subjects with metabolic syndrome. To study the impact of this bacterium on host metabolism using diet-induced obese and diabetic mice.DesignWe analysed the presence and abundance of the bacterium in 11 984 subjects using four human cohorts (ie, Human Microbiome Project, American Gut Project, Flemish Gut Flora Project and Microbes4U). Then, we tested the effects of daily oral gavages with live D. welbionis J115T on metabolism and several hallmarks of obesity, diabetes, inflammation and lipid metabolism in obese/diabetic mice.ResultsThis newly identified bacterium was detected in 62.7%–69.8% of the healthy population. Strikingly, in obese humans with a metabolic syndrome, the abundance of Dysosmobacter genus correlates negatively with body mass index, fasting glucose and glycated haemoglobin. In mice, supplementation with live D. welbionis J115T, but not with the pasteurised bacteria, partially counteracted diet-induced obesity development, fat mass gain, insulin resistance and white adipose tissue hypertrophy and inflammation. In addition, live D. welbionis J115T administration protected the mice from brown adipose tissue inflammation in association with increased mitochondria number and non-shivering thermogenesis. These effects occurred with minor impact on the mouse intestinal microbiota composition.ConclusionsThese results suggest that D. welbionis J115T directly and beneficially influences host metabolism and is a strong candidate for the development of next-generation beneficial bacteria targeting obesity and associated metabolic diseases.

Covid-19 In Man: A Very Dangerous Affair.

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lisco ◽  
Vito A. Giagulli ◽  
Giovanni De Pergola ◽  
Anna De Tullio ◽  
Edoardo Guastamacchia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Immune System Dysfunction ◽  
Data Support ◽  
Systemic Spread ◽  
The Impact

Background: The novel pandemic of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has becoming a public health issue since March 2020 considering that more than 30 million people were found to be infected worldwide. Particularly, recent evidences suggested that men may be considered as at higher risk of poor prognosis or death once the infection occurred and concerns surfaced in regard of the risk of a possible testicular injury due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Results: Several data support the existence of a bivalent role of testosterone (T) in driving poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19. On one hand, this is attributable to the fact that T may facilitate SARS-CoV-2 entry in human cells by means of an enhanced expression of transmembrane serine-protease 2 (TMPRSS2) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). At the same time, younger man with normal testicular function compared to women of similar age are prone to develop a blunted immune response against SARS-CoV-2, being exposed to less viral clearance and more viral shedding and systemic spread of the disease. Conversely, low levels of serum T observed in hypogonadal men predispose them to a greater background systemic inflammation, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and immune system dysfunction, hence driving harmful consequences once SARS-CoV-2 infection occurred. Finally, SARS-CoV-2, as a systemic disease, may also affect testicles with possible concerns for current and future testicular efficiency. Preliminary data suggested that SARS-CoV-2 genome is not normally found in gonads and gametes, therefore sex transmission could be excluded as a possible way to spread the COVID-19. Conclusion: Most data support a role of T as a bivalent risk factor for poor prognosis (high/normal in younger; lower in elderly) in COVID-19. However, the impact of medical treatment aimed to modify T homeostasis for improving the prognosis of affected patients is unknown in this clinical setting. In addition, testicular damage may be a harmful consequence of the infection even in case it occurred asymptomatically but no long-term evidences are currently available to confirm and quantify this phenomenon. Different authors excluded the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in sperm and oocytes, thus limiting worries about both a potential sexual and gamete-to-embryos transmission of COVID-19. Despite these evidence, long-term and well-designed studies are needed to clarify these issues.

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