scholarly journals Histochemical localisation of carbonic anhydrase in the digestive tract and salivary glands of the house cricket, Acheta domesticus

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-198
Author(s):  
E. Thorsson ◽  
A. Jansson ◽  
M. Vaga ◽  
L. Holm
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Ph Gradient ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Main Cell ◽  
Cellular Localisation ◽  
Luminal Ph

The house cricket (Acheta domesticus) is one of several cricket species with great potential to be farmed as a sustainable protein source. In order to succeed in large-scale cricket farming, knowledge of cricket digestion is essential. The digestive tract morphology of A. domesticus is well documented, but knowledge of the salivary glands is lacking. In the digestive tract of insects, the carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme family is believed to contribute to the luminal pH gradient. Presence of CA in the digestive tract of A. domesticus has been reported, but not the cellular localisation. This study examined the digestive tract of A. domesticus, including salivary glands, and the cellular localisation and activity of CA in fed or starved (48 h) males and females. Tissues were collected from third-generation offspring of wild A. domesticus captured in Sweden and the histology of the salivary glands and the cellular localisation of CA in the digestive tract of A. domesticus were determined, to our knowledge for the first time. The salivary glands resembled those of grasshoppers and locusts, and we suggest the two main cell types present to be parietal and zymogenic cells. Histochemical analysis revealed that CA activity was localised in midgut epithelium, both main cell types of salivary gland, and muscle along the entire digestive tract. These findings support the suggestion that CA contributes to digestive tract luminal pH gradient, by driving acidic secretions from the salivary glands and alkaline secretions from the midgut. Starvation resulted in significantly reduced body size and weight, but neither starvation nor sex had any effect on CA activity or localisation.

Carbonic anhydrase in the house cricket, Acheta domesticus

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1333-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.J. Edwards ◽  
R.L. Patton
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
House Cricket

Electron investigations of rhabdovirus-like particles in mexican bean beetles and crickets

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
J. R. Adams ◽  
G. J Tompkins ◽  
A. M. Heimpel ◽  
E. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Epilachna Varivestis ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Bean Beetle

As part of a continual search for potential pathogens of insects for use in biological control or on an integrated pest management program, two bacilliform virus-like particles (VLP) of similar morphology have been found in the Mexican bean beetle Epilachna varivestis Mulsant and the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L. ).Tissues of diseased larvae and adults of E. varivestis and all developmental stages of A. domesticus were fixed according to procedures previously described. While the bean beetles displayed no external symptoms, the diseased crickets displayed a twitching and shaking of the metathoracic legs and a lowered rate of activity.Examinations of larvae and adult Mexican bean beetles collected in the field in 1976 and 1977 in Maryland and field collected specimens brought into the lab in the fall and reared through several generations revealed that specimens from each collection contained vesicles in the cytoplasm of the midgut filled with hundreds of these VLP's which were enveloped and measured approximately 16-25 nm x 55-110 nm, the shorter VLP's generally having the greater width (Fig. 1).

scholarly journals Sequential production of gametes during meiosis in trypanosomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori Peacock ◽  
Chris Kay ◽  
Chloe Farren ◽  
Mick Bailey ◽  
Mark Carrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Tsetse Fly ◽  
Binucleate Cell ◽  
Insect Vector ◽  
Content Ratio ◽  
Different Cell Types ◽  
Meiosis I

AbstractMeiosis is a core feature of eukaryotes that occurs in all major groups, including the early diverging excavates. In this group, meiosis and production of haploid gametes have been described in the pathogenic protist, Trypanosoma brucei, and mating occurs in the salivary glands of the insect vector, the tsetse fly. Here, we searched for intermediate meiotic stages among trypanosomes from tsetse salivary glands. Many different cell types were recovered, including trypanosomes in Meiosis I and gametes. Significantly, we found trypanosomes containing three nuclei with a 1:2:1 ratio of DNA contents. Some of these cells were undergoing cytokinesis, yielding a mononucleate gamete and a binucleate cell with a nuclear DNA content ratio of 1:2. This cell subsequently produced three more gametes in two further rounds of division. Expression of the cell fusion protein HAP2 (GCS1) was not confined to gametes, but also extended to meiotic intermediates. We propose a model whereby the two nuclei resulting from Meiosis I undergo asynchronous Meiosis II divisions with sequential production of haploid gametes.

scholarly journals Electron Microscopic Immunogold Localization of Salivary Mucins MG1 and MG2 in Human Submandibular and Sublingual Glands

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Piludu ◽  
Sean A. Rayment ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Gwynneth D. Offner ◽  
Frank G. Oppenheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Dense Cores ◽  
Duct Cells ◽  
Rabbit Igg ◽  
Lowicryl K4m

The human salivary mucins MG1 and MG2 are well characterized biochemically and functionally. However, there is disagreement regarding their cellular and glandular sources. The aim of this study was to define the localization and distribution of these two mucins in human salivary glands using a postembedding immunogold labeling method. Normal salivary glands obtained at surgery were fixed in 3% paraformaldehyde-0.1% glutaraldehyde and embedded in Lowicryl K4M or LR Gold resin. Thin sections were labeled with rabbit antibodies to MG1 or to an N-terminal synthetic peptide of MG2, followed by gold-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG. The granules of all mucous cells of the submandibular and sublingual glands were intensely reactive with anti-MG1. No reaction was detected in serous cells. With anti-MG2, the granules of both mucous and serous cells showed reactivity. The labeling was variable in both cell types, with mucous cells exhibiting a stronger reaction in some glands and serous cells in others. In serous granules, the electron-lucent regions were more reactive than the dense cores. Intercalated duct cells near the acini displayed both MG1 and MG2 reactivity in their apical granules. In addition, the basal and lateral membranes of intercalated duct cells were labeled with anti-MG2. These results confirm those of earlier studies on MG1 localization in mucous cells and suggest that MG2 is produced by both mucous and serous cells. They also indicate differences in protein expression patterns among salivary serous cells.

Immunohistochemical study of carbonic anhydrase in mixed tumours from major salivary glands and skin

1986 ◽  
Vol 408 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohko Noda ◽  
Yoshiaki Takai ◽  
Yoshimasa Iwai ◽  
Michael A. Meenaghan ◽  
Masahiko Mori
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Major Salivary Glands ◽  
Mixed Tumours

THE EFFECTS OF WHEAT GERM OIL AND LINOLEIC ACID ON GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION OF THE HOUSE CRICKET

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Ritchot ◽  
J. E. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Lipid other than sterol improves the growth and development of nymphs of Acheta domesticus (L.), as shown by the effect of adding wheat germ oil and linoleic acid to the diet. Such lipid is also necessary for reproduction: the effect appears to be on the male, but may also be on the female.

Performance of the house cricket (Acheta domesticus) on by-product diets in small-scale production

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
J.M. Sorjonen ◽  
M. Karhapää ◽  
S. Holm ◽  
A. Valtonen ◽  
H. Roininen
Keyword(s):  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Current Production ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
By Products

As insect farming is becoming more popular in Europe and in the US, the use of food industry by-products in insects’ feed is drawing more attention. However, it is still unclear how to maximise the use of by-products in the feeds while meeting the nutritional requirements and maintaining profitable rearing yields with the current production technology. In this study, we conducted an experiment in Finnish small-scale cricket farming and laboratory conditions to determine whether five diet treatments, including by-product diets with barley mash and turnip rape, modify the overall fresh yield (kg), development time and feed conversion rate of the house crickets (Acheta domesticus). We discovered that the diets differed in the overall fresh cricket yield (kg) but not in the development time or the feed conversion rate of the crickets. The diets with a high proportion of by-product decreased the price of the feed but at the same time reduced the yield. Based on our results, complex by-product diets with the by-product proportion of 20-41% are the most suitable for house cricket rearing.

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