The Complete Chloroplast Genome of Ardisia Japonica（Thunb.）Blume

Ardisia japonica（Thunb）Blume is a small shrub or sub-shrub of the genus Taurus in the Taurus family. The whole plant and root of A. japonica are used for medicinal purposes. It is a common Chinese herbal medicine and a common flower. To study its complete chloroplast genome, we collected leaves and obtained chloroplast genome information through next-generation sequencing. The results showed that the length of the genome is 155,996 bp, and the GC content ratio is 37.0%. The large single-copy region (LSC) is 86803 bp, the small single-copy region (SSC) is 18080 bp, and the inverted repeat region (IR) is 25507 bp. The chloroplast genome encodes 130 genes, including 85 protein genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 37tRNA genes. By analyzing the phylogeny of A. japonica, it is found that A. japonica and other Ardisia species are closely related.

Physical and mechanical investigation for polyionic liquid/poly(vinyl alcohol) blends

Purpose This study aims to polymerize of 1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide (PIL). PIL was embedded into PVA with a different content ratio by casting method. This research also deals with the effect of adding PIL in different proportions to PVA on the electrical and mechanical properties properties in addition to the morphology of the prepared samples. Design/methodology/approach 1-Butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bromide was synthesized through quaternization and free radical polymerization. The resulting polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. In addition to the morphology of PVA, PVA/PIL was investigated by polarizing microscope. Also, the effect of PIL content on the electrical and mechanical properties was evaluated. Findings The findings of this study might lead to new applications for PVA and PILs in electrical and dielectrics. The mechanical results revealed that the tensile strength increased slightly with increasing polyionic liquid (PIL) content and decreased above 10% PIL. While the elongation at break increased significantly with increasing PIL content and begin to decrease above 10% PIL. Also, the electrical property of the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/PIL blends was improved because of the strong plasticizing effect of PIL. Also, the electrical conductivity of these polymer electrolytes is greatly increased. This indicates that the imidazolium-based PIL has an effective approach that leads to an increase in the conductivity of the polymer. The PILs/PVA design will not only enrich the chemical structure but also will contribute to green manufacturing techniques and a processing methodology that enables green membrane manufacture. Originality/value This study contributes to green manufacturing techniques and a processing methodology that enables “green” membrane manufacture.

Mechanical Properties of Polyester Toughened with Nano-Silica

The fabrication of nanocomposites has played role to the development of the nanotechnology and the technology of advanced composite materials. Thermoset polymers are used in engineering applications widely. Their mechanical properties can be change with adding particles. The mechanism of toughening polymers has been suggested recently by reinforcing well dispersed particles to the plain polymer. Nano-silica particles were added to thermoset polymer of polyester to evaluate their influence on the mechanical properties of the toughened polymer using both experimental and numerical methods. The Representative Volume Element (RVE) approach, which employs finite element models, has been developed to achieve that aim numerically for various types of nano-particle reinforcement ratios. In each case, the stiffness has been calculated with using the equivalent homogeneous material concept. Experimentally, toughened thermoset polymers of polyester reinforced with nano-silica were prepared with different particle content ratio. Several tests were conducted on the nanocomposite, and it was observed increasing nano-silica ratio caused increase in Young’s modulus and decrease in ductility.

A survey of YouTube videos as a source of useful/un-useful information in the field of the prevention and management of burn injuries: A cross-sectional analysis of the English language content

The study was designed on whether YouTube videos are useful as an information resource in the field of burn injury prevention and management. Current literature on the educational content and quality of burn-related first aid videos on YouTube was reported as inadequate and inaccurate. However, the quality of YouTube videos on various medical and clinical topics has been the subject of many previous studies, and there has been increasing evidence that the content ratio of usefulness was higher than that of non-useful. While hours and even minutes in burn injuries are as precious as gold in terms of outcomes, it would be a significant loss not to use the most popular and easily accessible free social media platform of our time as a tool that can contribute to the prevention of burns and raise awareness. Analysis was conducted with the remaining 96 videos from 240 videos obtained from YouTube, according to possible search terms and exclusion of videos according to predetermined criteria. The Global Quality Score (GQS) and modified DISCERN (m.DISCERN) tools were used to assess the quality and reliability of the videos. Viewer engagement metrics and video properties were also investigated according to the usefulness criteria (e.g., video length, duration on YouTube, topic contents, source uploads, reliability, and quality). Finally, it was revealed that nearly 80 percent of the YouTube videos contained information in the field of the prevention and management of burn injuries deemed useful in this study, comparable to the other medical disciplines' reports in the literature.

Physicochemical Characterization and Paper Spray Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Myrciaria floribunda (H. West ex Willd.) O. Berg Accessions

Myrciaria floribunda, also known as rumberry, is a tree native to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, where its fruits have the potential for commercial use. This study evaluates the antioxidant potential, determines the phytochemical profile, and chemically characterizes the rumberry fruit. Accessions were sampled from the Rumberry Active Germplasm Bank of the Federal University of Alagoas, Brazil. Physical characteristics, chemical characteristics, and phenolic compound content were analyzed. Chemical profile characterization was carried out using PSMS. Accessions had an average weight of 0.86 g. Accession AC137 presented a higher pulp yield (1.12 g). AC132 and AC156 had larger fruits, AC137 showed greater firmness (5.93 N), and AC160 had a higher and total phenolic content ratio (279.01 ± 11.11). Orange-colored accessions scored higher in evaluated parameters, except for AC160 for phenolic content. Thirty-two compounds were identified on positive ionization mode and 42 compounds on negative ionization mode using PSMS. Flavonoids, followed by the derivatives of benzoic acid, sugars, and phenylpropanoids, were the most prominent. Myricitrin, quercitrin, and catechin stand out as flavonoids that have been reported in previous studies with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, in addition to health and therapeutical benefits, demonstrating the potential of the rumberry fruit.

International cooperation in conducting procedural actions during the pre-trial investigation in the countries of the European Union and perspectives of its use in Ukraine

The article analyzes some areas of cooperation between law enforcement agencies of the European Union in the field of pre-trial investigation. Particular attention is paid to the European Arrest Warrant and its application. Ukraine aspiring to become a member of the EU must take into account all issues related to the issuance and execution of these warrants. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of more specific problems related to criminal-executive criteria for the perception of life imprisonment as subspecies of imprisonment for a certain period; systemic content ratio of general penitentiary norms, which determine the legal status of convicts sentenced to life imprisonment, and special ones, which should reproduce peculiarities of regime requirements of penitentiary institutions of different security levels (in particular, medium and maximum). It is proved that clarity, completeness and system-legal balance will be facilitated by the formal reproduction in the law of classification of all criminal-executive norms of Chapter 22 of the Criminal Executive Code (hereinafter–CEC) (based on a certain criterion) into norms of general and special significance, which in turn should be divided into the following subtypes. Moreover, the EU countries do not yet have the appropriate practice in the application of these warrants.

Effect of Tempering Temperature on Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Plastic Mould Steel S136 SUP

Since the 21st century, the development of automotive and home appliance industries has greatly contributed to the prosperity of the plastics industry, which has led to an increasing demand for molding molds. In the production process, the molds will be impacted, worn and corroded, especially in the production of plastic products made of PVC, fluoroplastics and flame retardant ABS, etc. The molds will be corroded by the corrosive gases generated such as hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride and sulfur dioxide, which requires plastic molds to have a certain degree of corrosion resistance while ensuring strong toughness.S136 SUP is a modified martensitic stainless steel based on S136 from ASSAB, Sweden, which has fine-tuned the content ratio of some elements to ensure a certain strength and high toughness at the same time. The chemical composition, heat treatment and microstructure of the steel have a certain influence on its corrosion resistance, and the tempering temperature of the heat treatment has a greater influence on the corrosion resistance of martensitic stainless steel. Therefore, in this paper, the microstructure and corrosion resistance of S136 SUP at different tempering temperatures are explored and studied.

Joint transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals the mechanism of low-temperature tolerance in Hosta ventricosa

Hosta ventricosa is a robust ornamental perennial plant that can tolerate low temperatures, and which is widely used in urban landscaping design in Northeast China. However, the mechanism of cold-stress tolerance in this species is unclear. A combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis was used to explore the mechanism of low-temperature tolerance in H. ventricosa. A total of 12 059 differentially expressed genes and 131 differentially expressed metabolites were obtained, which were mainly concentrated in the signal transduction and phenylpropanoid metabolic pathways. In the process of low-temperature signal transduction, possibly by transmitting Ca2+ inside and outside the cell through the ion channels on the three cell membranes of COLD, CNGCs and CRLK, H. ventricosa senses temperature changes and stimulates SCRM to combine with DREB through the MAPK signal pathway and Ca2+ signal sensors such as CBL, thus strengthening its low-temperature resistance. The pathways of phenylpropanoid and flavonoid metabolism represent the main mechanism of low-temperature tolerance in this species. The plant protects itself from low-temperature damage by increasing its content of genistein, scopolentin and scopolin. It is speculated that H. ventricosa can also adjust the content ratio of sinapyl alcohol and coniferyl alcohol and thereby alter the morphological structure of its cell walls and so increase its resistance to low temperatures.When subjected to low-temperature stress, H. ventricosa perceives temperature changes via COLD, CNGCs and CRLK, and protection from low-temperature damage is achieved by an increase in the levels of genistein, scopolentin and scopolin through the pathways of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis.

Performance of Lactate and CO2-Derived Parameters in Predicting Major Postoperative Complications After Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Protocol of a Diagnostic Accuracy Study

Background: CO2-derived parameters are increasingly used to identify either low-flow status or anaerobic metabolism in shock resuscitation. However, the performance of CO2-derived parameters in cardiac surgical patients is poorly understood. This study aims to compare the performance of lactate and CO2-derived parameters in predicting major postoperative complications after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods: This is a prospective, single-center, diagnostic accuracy study. All patients who receive elective cardiac surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass will be screened for study eligibility. Blood samples will be taken for the calculation of CO2-derived parameters, including the venous-arterial difference in CO2 partial pressure (PCO2 gap), venous-arterial difference in CO2 content to arterial-venous O2 content ratio (Cv-aCO2/Ca-vO2), and venous-arterial difference in CO2 partial pressure to arterial-venous O2 content ratio (Pv-aCO2/Ca-vO2) at ICU admission, and 3, 6, and 12 h later. Baseline, perioperative data will be collected daily for 7 days; patients will be followed up for 28 days to collect outcome data. The primary endpoint is the occurrence of major postoperative complications. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis will be carried out to assess the predictive performance of lactate and CO2-derived parameters. The performance of the ROC curves will be compared.Discussion: The performance of lactate and CO2-derived parameters in predicting major postoperative complications will be investigated in the non-sepsis population, which has not been extensively investigated. Our study will compare the two surrogates of respiratory quotient directly, which is an important strength.Trial Registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2000029365. Registered January 26th, 2020, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=48744.

Treatment of waste cutting fluid by coagulation-anaerobic hydrolysis (with or without cosubstrate glucose)-aeration process

A coagulation-anaerobic hydrolysis-aeration process was used to treat the waste cutting fluid which was discharged from a metalworking plant, and the operating conditions of each unit were optimized in this paper. The results showed that 9 g/L polyaluminum chloride and 0.3 g/L cationic polyacrylamide were added in the coagulation stage, the TOC was removed by 78.94% and the BOD5/COD of the waste cutting fluid increased from 0.046 to 0.312 before and after coagulation; The coagulation effluent was further treated by anaerobic hydrolysis-aeration, and the TOC removal efficiencies of the biological process and the whole chemical-biological process were 92.77% and 98.48% respectively; Adding glucose as a cosubstrate into the anaerobic hydrolysis can improve the TOC removal efficiency, when the TOC content ratio of coagulation effluent to glucose solution was 7:3, the TOC removal efficiencies of the biological process and the chemical-biological process reached 97.16% and 99.40%, and the total oil removal efficiency of the whole process reached 99.99%; The effluent quality parameters of the coagulation-anaerobic hydrolysis (with cosubstrate glucose)-aeration process met the Class C limits specified in the Wastewater Quality Standards for Discharge to Municipal Sewers (GB/T 31962-2015); that is, the effluent COD, TN, TP and total oil were below 300 mg/L, 25 mg/L, 5 mg/L and 110 mg/L respectively, and the effluent pH was between 6.5–9.5.