Evaluation of Tomato and Cucumber Wastes as Alternative Feeds for Ruminants Using Gas Production Technique in vitro

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-826
Author(s):  
A.M. El-Waziry ◽  
F. AlKoaik ◽  
A.I. Khalil ◽  
H. Metwally ◽  
M.A. Al-Mahasne
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Alternative Feeds

Estimation of fermentable energy by the automatic in vitro gas production technique for a selection of feedstuffs incubated alone and in combination

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
S. Fakhri ◽  
A. R. Moss ◽  
D.I. Givens ◽  
E. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gas Volume ◽  
Selection Of

The gas production (GP) technique has previously been used to estimate the gas volume (fermentable energy (FE)) of compound feed ingredients for ruminants (Newbold et al., 1996). It was shown that the FE content of feed mixtures was represented by the combination of the total gas from the incubation of the individual feeds. However this additivity might not be consistent throughout the incubation period. The objectives were to test whether 1. other GP parameters give better estimates of FE for simple mixtures and are they additive; 2. whether organic matter apparently degraded in the rumen (OMADR) explain differences in GP; and 3. to find out if there are any other better measures than OMADR for estimating FE.

scholarly journals The nutritional evaluation of forage-based mixed rations in New Zealand using an in vitro gas production technique. 1: analytical survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
N.D. Meads ◽  
R. Tahmasbi ◽  
N. Jantasila
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from livestock are an important consideration in environmental science. Estimating GHG production can be problematic at a farm or animal level, and requires controlled conditions to produce real data. An in vitro gas production technique (IVGPT) was developed to evaluate forage-based total mixed rations in digestion kinetics and GHG production. Two hundred and sixty samples of complete mixed rations (MR), which included a pasture component used in commercial lactating dairy herds, were collected around NZ across three calendar years, 2017-2019. Twenty of the 260 samples were 100% total mixed rations (TMR) with no pasture content. The samples were submitted for proximate analysis as well as IVGPT to generate GHG production figures. The results showed an average total gas production (TGP) of 129.82 ml/g dry matter (DM), 78.6% true digestibility (TDMD), 125.06 mg/g DM microbial biomass (MB), 20.16 g CH4/kg DM, and 12.8 MJME/kg DM. The average nutrient composition was dry matter (DM) 31.55%, crude protein (CP) 21.85%, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) 44.35%, and starch 7.03%. The IVGPT CH4 production was negatively correlated to NDF (r=-0.312), ADF (r=-0.193), TGP (r=-0.216), and was positively correlated with TDMD (r=0.250), apparent digestibility (ADMD) (r=0.614), starch (r=0.117) and volatile fatty acids (r=0.538). The MR diet showed a strong positive relationship with ADMD digestibility (P=0.01) and a negative relationship with fibre content (NDF, P=0.01 and ADF, P=0.01). However, CH4 production reduced linearly with increasing TGP (P=0.01). The results indicated that a greater CH4 production may be related to higher digestibility of mixed ration.

Nutritional Evaluation of non Forage High Fibrous Tropical Feeds for Ruminant Using in vitro Gas Production Technique

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 298-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songsak Chumpawadee . ◽  
Kritapon Sommart . ◽  
Thevin Vongpralub . ◽  
Virote Pattarajinda .
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Nutritional Evaluation ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

scholarly journals PSXII-36 Modelling in vitro gas production kinetics of fresh alfalfa incubated with inocula from five ruminant species

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 427-428
Author(s):  
Richard R Lobo ◽  
Marcos I Marcondes ◽  
Paulo H Rodrigues ◽  
Antonio Faciola ◽  
Rafael Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Tannin Extract ◽  
Water Buffaloes ◽  
Ruminant Species ◽  
Best Fit

Abstract The objective was to identify the non-linear model with the best fit for cumulative gas production from fermentation of fresh alfalfa, with or without tannin extract, incubated with rumen fluid from five different species of ruminants. Fifteen animals (Taurine and Zebuine cattle, water buffaloes, sheep and goats) were used as inoculum donors. During incubation, 500 mg of fresh alfalfa, with or without 150 mg of acacia tannin extract, were used as substrate in the semi-automated gas production technique. Experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement with five inoculum sources (ruminant specie) and two treatments (with or without tannin extract). We used the PROC NLMIXED to fit ten mathematical models and the best one was chosen based on the lowest AIC and MSE and highest R2. Lastly, the best model was validated using the cross validation technique. The model with the best fit was the Groot model (AIC 1255.5; MSE 174.01; R2 0.9496) comparatively to others methods and the most part of error is from random effect (97.7%). Tannin inclusion reduced parameters potential gas production (A) and time to produce half of total gas production (T1) (P > 0.0001); however, no difference was observed on the gas production rate (k) (P > 0.1181). When no tannin was added, differences between the two cattle category were observed. Comparing water buffaloes’ inoculum with Taurine inoculum, no differences were observed for “A,” however, this parameter differed among water buffaloes and Zebuine cattle. In conclusion, Groot model had the best fit on in vitro bioassay with alfalfa substrate and treated or not with tannin extract. The tannin extract reduced the potential gas production; however, it did not change the gas production rate. For evaluation of alfalfa by cumulative gas production technique, the potential gas production was changed by using different animal categories as inoculum donor.

Evaluation of nutritional value in some tropical by-products using the in vitro gas production technique

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 190-190
Author(s):  
A Taghizadeh ◽  
M Besharati
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Feeding Programs ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
Digestion Kinetics

Anaerobic digestion of carbohydrates by ruminal microbes produces short chain fatty acids (SCFA), CO2, CH4, and traces of H2; hence, measurement of gas production in vitro can be used to study the rate and extent of digestion of feedstuffs (Hungate, 1966). When a feedstuff is incubated with buffered rumen fluid in vitro, the carbohydrates are fermented to SCFA, gases mainly CO2 and CH4 and microbial cells. Gas production is basically the result of fermentation of carbohydrates to acetate, propionate and butyrate (Wolin, 1960; Beuvink and Spoelstra, 1992; Blummel and Ørskov, 1993). High correlations between gas production and NDF disappearance, r2 = 0.99 (Pell and Schofield, 1993) or gas production and DM disappearance, r2 = 0.95 (Prasad et al., 1994) have been reported. In vitro techniques that estimate digestion kinetics indirectly by measuring gas production are a more viable option than other in vitro methods. Gas production technology allows for a more usable collection of digestion kinetics data and has allowed for a growing body of knowledge that is directly applicable to the feeding programs that are in daily practical field use. The range of data that can be acquired is broad and will no doubt grow over time. One of the most challenging problems associated with using gas production methods is that the amount of gas produced varies with different molar proportions of SCFA. For example, a higher propionate concentration is associated with lower gas production because an extra carbon atom in propionate would otherwise have appeared as CO2 (Wolin, 1960). The object of this study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of noodle waste (NW), tomato pomace (TP) and apple pomace (AP) using the gas production technique.

Effect of non-digestible oligosaccharides in diets for weaner pigs on in vitro fermentation

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 30-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G.M. Houdijk ◽  
B.A. Williams ◽  
S. Tamminga ◽  
M.W.A. Verstegen
Keyword(s):  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Weaner Pigs

Dietary fructooligosaccharides (FOS) shifted the proportion of propionate (↑) and acetate (↓) compared to transgalactooligosaccharides (TOS) in weaner pigs' ileal digesta, both in vivo and in vitro (Houdijk et al., 1997). This could be related to different fermentation rates between these so-called non-digestible oligosaccharides (NDOs). These rates were studied via the cumulative gas production technique comparing FOS, TOS, and glucose.

Use of the gas production technique to investigate the supplementation of nitrogen-deficient foods

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 202-204
Author(s):  
C. D. Wood ◽  
N. S. Prathalingam ◽  
A. M. Murray ◽  
R. W. Matthewman
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Free Medium ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
North West ◽  
Rich Media

A major focus for improving the diets in many less developed countries (LDCS) is the provision of rumen fermentable nitrogen (N) using protein supplements to complement N-deficient foods. However, in vitro digestibility methods usually use N-rich environments for the degradation of single foods. This conventional approach may give data which do not reflect the nutritive value of the N-deficient diets often on offer in LDCS, neither is it appropriate for using in vitro gas production to study protein supplementation. Our earlier study indicated that, by using a N-free medium, the gas production technique responded to added ammonium sulphate and urea. The ADAS standardized methodology, which used 10 ml of inoculum instead of the 5 ml used in the earlier study, was found not to be very responsive to N supplementation. The ADAS methodology was therefore investigated in order to develop a modified protocol for fermenting foods in an N-limited environment. The study involved using inocula diluted to different extents in N-free medium for fermenting N-deficient substrates in N-free and N-rich media. The modified protocol was then used for investigating the interactions between N-rich and N-deficient foods from north-west India.

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