In vitro Antioxidant, Xanthine Oxidase and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activities of Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. (Balanitaceae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 362-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.T.R. Meda ◽  
A. Lamien-Med ◽  
M. Kiendrebeo ◽  
C.E. Lamien ◽  
A.Y. Coulibaly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Balanites Aegyptiaca ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

scholarly journals Evaluation of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities in vitro of Gomphrena CelosiodesMart

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dang Kim Thu ◽  
Vu Thi Hoa ◽  
Chu Ngoc Khanh ◽  
Bui Thanh Tung
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
The Body ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Etoac Fraction ◽  
Inhibitory Activities

Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an enzyme that has an improtant role in the synthesis of uric acid. XO is an enzyme allowscatalyzing the hydroxylation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid. These are two reactions in the final stage of metabolism of the purines in the body. Offal, XO enzyme inhibitors reduce biosynthesis of uric acid have been used to prevent and treat gout. In this study, Gompherena celosiodes is extracted by ultrasonic with ethanol 80 % (EtOH)solvents and fractionated with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol (n-BuOH) solvents. These fractions were evaluated xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities in vitro. The results show that n-BuOH fraction from roots bark had the strongest XO enzyme inhibitory activity (IC50: 27,39 ± 0,31µg/mL), followed by EtOH fraction (IC50: 47,37 ± 0,26 µg/mL) and EtOAc fraction (IC50: 33,36 ± 0,51µg/mL) and the lowest is n-hexan fraction (IC50: 81,59 ± 0,21µg/mL). The research results indicated that the n-BuOH fraction and the EtOAc fraction from tree-hatched soil have a potential in the prevention and treatment of gout.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities of Methanolic Swietenia mahagoni Seed Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 4476-4485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geethaa Sahgal ◽  
Surash Ramanathan ◽  
Sreenivasan Sasidharan ◽  
Mohd Nizam Mordi ◽  
Sabariah Ismail ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni ◽  
Seed Extracts

scholarly journals Delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside: a novel xanthine oxidase inhibitor identified from natural anthocyanins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahong Xie ◽  
Haoxin Cui ◽  
Yang Xu ◽  
Lianghua Xie ◽  
Wei Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Quenching ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Conformational Changes ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Computational Docking ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Monomeric Anthocyanins

Abstract Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activities of 18 monomeric anthocyanins from berry fruits and roselle, and to illustrate the underlying mechanism of the most active anthocyanin delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside. Materials and Methods 18 monomeric anthocyanins were prepared and purified in our lab. The inhibitory properties of anthocyanins were investigated by in vitro inhibitory activity studies and fluorescence quenching studies; the inhibitory mechanism were explored through kinetic studies, fluorescence quenching studies, circular dichroism analysis and computational docking simulations. Results XO inhibitory activities of anthocyanins were related to the structures of B rings and glycosides. Among all the tested anthocyanins, delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside showed the most potent inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 17.1 μM, which was comparable to the positive control allopurinol. Spectroscopic results revealed that delphinidin-3-O-sambubiosid could spontaneously interact with XO and induce conformational changes. Computational docking study indicated that delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside could bind to XO with a proper orientation, stably formed π-π interactions and hydrogen bonds with key residues, thus preventing the substrate from entering the active pocket. Conclusions In brief, our study identified delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside as a potent XO inhibitor from natural anthocyanins, which is potentially applicable for prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia.

scholarly journals Investigation of Galatella villosa and G. tatarica for Antioxidant, α-Amylase, Tyrosinase, Lipoxygenase and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory Activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200
Author(s):  
Gülmira Özeka ◽  
Margarita Ishmuratova ◽  
Süleyman Yur ◽  
Fatih Göger ◽  
Yeşim Haliloglua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Mass Spectral Data ◽  
Inhibitory Potency ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Bleaching Test ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Β Carotene

In the present work two Galatella species, Galatella villosa Rchb.f. and Galatella tatarica (Less.) Novopokr collected from Kazakhstan were subjected to hydrodistillation to yield essential oils (EOs), and to maceration in methanol to yield extracts (MEs). The EOs and MEs were evaluated for antioxidant and in vitro inhibitory activities against α-amylase, tyrosinase, lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase enzymes. The EOs of G. villosa and G. tatarica were investigated for chemical composition using GC-FID and GC/MS techniques. The composition of MEs was investigated with LC-MS/MS technique. Monoterpenes, β-pinene (23.6 %) and α-pinene (14.4 %) were the main constituents of G. tatarica essential oil, while the oil of G. villosa was characterized not only with monoterpene α-pinene (9.0 %), but also fatty acid, hexadecanoic acid (10.2%). 3-, 5-, 1,5- and 3,4-caffeoylquinic acids, 3-, 4- and 5-feruloylquinic acids, quercetin and its different glycosides were detected in MEs according to mass spectral data. G. tatarica (IC50=74.3 μg/mL) and G. villosa (IC50=78.5 μg/mL) extracts showed significant antioxidant activity. In the β-carotene bleaching test, the extracts demonstrated noteworthy activity (%Inh 44.46 and 41.14). The extracts scavenged ABTS radical as 1.85 mM and 1.27 mM of Trolox. In a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL, the oils showed 89% and 85% inhibition of α-amylase, while the extracts showed 86% and 78% inhibition at 2 mg/mL concentration, respectively. The EOs demonstrated noteworthy potent LOX enzyme inhibition ranging between 45% and 57%. In xanthine-xanthine oxidase model system, the extracts demonstrated the highest inhibitory potency ranging between 43% and 39%. The present work is the first contribution to the chemistry and biological activities of G. tatarica and G. villosa.

Superoxide, Xanthine Oxidase and Platelet Reactions: Further Studies on Mechanisms by which Oxidants Influence Platelets

1981 ◽  
Vol 45 (03) ◽  
pp. 290-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H Levine ◽  
Danielle G Sladdin ◽  
Norman I Krinsky
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Release Reaction

SummaryIn the course of studying the effects on platelets of the oxidant species superoxide (O- 2), Of was generated by the interaction of xanthine oxidase plus xanthine. Surprisingly, gel-filtered platelets, when exposed to xanthine oxidase in the absence of xanthine substrate, were found to generate superoxide (O- 2), as determined by the reduction of added cytochrome c and by the inhibition of this reduction in the presence of superoxide dismutase.In addition to generating Of, the xanthine oxidase-treated platelets display both aggregation and evidence of the release reaction. This xanthine oxidase induced aggreagtion is not inhibited by the addition of either superoxide dismutase or cytochrome c, suggesting that it is due to either a further metabolite of O- 2, or that O- 2 itself exerts no important direct effect on platelet function under these experimental conditions. The ability of Of to modulate platelet reactions in vivo or in vitro remains in doubt, and xanthine oxidase is an unsuitable source of O- 2 in platelet studies because of its own effects on platelets.

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