Paralytic Strabismus in Turkish Children Examined at Three Tertiary Care Services: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study. Objective: The world was unprecedentedly struck by the new coronavirus in December 2019. Consequently, lockdown measures were imposed by many governments. Health-care services were reserved for emergencies and malignancies. Nevertheless, many patients who urgently needed these services did not present. This study estimates the impact of COVID-19 and lockdown measures on the patients’ flow in the outpatient clinic (OPC) and the operations for laryngeal and/or oropharyngeal neoplasms. Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study performed in otolaryngology department of a tertiary care hospital which is a major referral center. All patients who attended the OPC and all operations performed for laryngeal and/or oropharyngeal neoplasms were counted from February 1, 2020 to May 31, 2020 and compared with the previous year as a reference. Results: In 2020, the number of patients attending the otolaryngology OPC and the laryngeal and/or oropharyngeal surgeries showed a major drop, especially after imposing the lockdown measures. The total number of these operations in April and May 2019 dropped by 79% for the same period in 2020. Conclusion: An estimate of 79% of patients, who had been presenting for laryngeal and/or oropharyngeal neoplasms, did not show up due to indirect COVID-19 effect.

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Birth tears after spontaneous and vacuum-assisted births with different vacuum cup systems – a retrospective cohort study

Journal of Perinatal Medicine ◽

10.1515/jpm-2019-0477 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (6) ◽

pp. 575-581

Author(s):

Martina Kreft ◽

Roland Zimmermann ◽

Nina Kimmich

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Low Grade ◽

Singleton Pregnancy ◽

Perineal Tear ◽

Vertex Presentation

AbstractObjectivesBirth tears are a common complication of vaginal childbirth. We aimed to evaluate the outcomes of birth tears first by comparing the mode of vaginal birth (VB) and then comparing different vacuum cups in instrumental VBs in order to better advise childbearing women and obstetrical professionals.MethodsIn a retrospective cohort study, we analyzed nulliparous and multiparous women with a singleton pregnancy in vertex presentation at ≥37 + 0 gestational weeks who gave birth vaginally at our tertiary care center between 06/2012 and 12/2016. We compared the distribution of tear types in spontaneous births (SBs) vs. vacuum-assisted VBs. We then compared the tear distribution in the vacuum group when using the Kiwi Omnicup or Bird’s anterior metal cup. Outcome parameters were the incidence and distribution of the different tear types dependent on the mode of delivery and type of vacuum cup.ResultsA total of 4549 SBs and 907 VBs were analyzed. Birth tear distribution differed significantly between the birth modes. In 15.2% of women with an SB an episiotomy was performed vs. 58.5% in women with a VB. Any kind of perineal tear was seen in 45.7% after SB and in 32.7% after VB. High-grade obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) appeared in 1.1% after SB and in 3.1% after VB. No significant changes in tear distribution were found between the two different VB modes.ConclusionsThere were more episiotomies, vaginal tears and OASIS after VB than after SB. In contrast, there were more low-grade perineal and labial tears after SB. No significant differences were found between different vacuum cup systems, just a slight trend toward different tear patterns.

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Adrenalectomy in Ectopic Cushing’s syndrome: a retrospective cohort study from a tertiary care centre

Journal of Neuroendocrinology ◽

10.1111/jne.13030 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ieva Lase ◽

Malin Grönberg ◽

Olov Norlén ◽

Peter Stålberg ◽

Staffan Welin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Cushing’S Syndrome ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cushing's Syndrome ◽

Care Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Ectopic Cushing’S Syndrome

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Clinical characteristics and factors related to antibiotic-associated diarrhea in elderly patients with pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-021-02267-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yoko Takedani ◽

Tsukasa Nakamura ◽

Noriko Fukiwake ◽

Toshihiro Imada ◽

Junji Mashino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea ◽

Elderly Inpatients

Abstract Background Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common problem among elderly inpatients because many elderly patients are admitted for pneumonia or other conditions that necessitate antibiotic treatment. In the super aging population, more patients are suffering from pneumonia than before, but the incidence or risk factors for AAD among many elderly patients have not been well scrutinized. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of elderly patients diagnosed with pneumonia from April 2014 to March 2019 who were admitted to the Department of General Medicine of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Japan. Patients (≥ 65 years of age) who were diagnosed with bacterial pneumonia or aspiration pneumonia and treated with antibiotics were included. We defined AAD by diarrhea with more than three loose or watery stools per day and included patients who had these symptoms for either one day or two or more consecutive days. We also assessed the length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. The potential risk factors for AAD included age, sex, body weight, body mass index, smoking, alcohol, activities of daily living (ADL),　comorbidities, vital signs, laboratories, the severity of pneumonia, antibiotic and other medication use. Results There were 1,067 patients, the mean age was 83 years, and men accounted for 59 %. β-Lactamase inhibitors were frequently prescribed antibiotics in 703 patients (66 %), and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were also commonly administered (48 %). AAD developed in 322 patients (30 %). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that β-lactamase inhibitors (OR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.05–1.95) and PPIs (OR 1.37, 95 % CI 1.03–1.83) were associated with AAD as well as age (OR 1.03 per year, 95 % CI 1.01–1.05). Conclusions AAD was common among elderly inpatients with pneumonia, and β-lactamase inhibitors and PPIs were associated with AAD. Strict use of such medication should be considered to decrease the risk of AAD.

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Obstetric Emergencies requiring Rapid response team activation: A retrospective cohort study in a high-risk tertiary care centre

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Canada ◽

10.1016/j.jogc.2021.09.016 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jillian Taras ◽

Gita Raghavan ◽

Kristi Downey ◽

Mrinalini Balki

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

High Risk ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Rapid Response Team ◽

Care Centre ◽

Tertiary Care Centre ◽

Response Team ◽

Obstetric Emergencies

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Uptake and patient and provider communication modality preferences of virtual visits in primary care: a retrospective cohort study in Canada

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. e037064 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vess Stamenova ◽

Payal Agarwal ◽

Leah Kelley ◽

Jamie Fujioka ◽

Megan Nguyen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort Study ◽

Retrospective Cohort ◽

Secure Messaging ◽

Communication Modality ◽

Care Services ◽

Virtual Care ◽

Virtual Visits

ObjectivesTo evaluate the uptake of a platform for virtual visits in primary care, examine patient and physician preferences for virtual communication methods and report on characteristics of visits and patients experience of care.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingPrimary care practices within five regions in Ontario, Canada after 18 months of access to virtual care services.Participants326 primary care providers and 14 291 registered patients.InterventionsProviders used a platform that allowed them to connect with their patients through synchronous (audio/video) and/or asynchronous (secure messaging) communication.Main outcome measuresUser-level data from the platforms including patient demographics, practice characteristics, communication modality used, visit characteristics and patients’ satisfaction.ResultsAmong the participants, 44% of registered patients and 60% of registered providers used the platform at least once. Among patient users, 51% completed at least one virtual visit. The majority of virtual visits (94%) involved secure messaging. The most common patient requests were for medication prescriptions (24%) and follow-up from previous appointment (22%). The most common provider request was to follow-up on test results (59%). Providers indicated that 81% of virtual visits required no follow-up for that issue and 99% of patients reported that they would use virtual care services again.ConclusionsWhile there are a growing number of primary care video visit services, our study found that both patients and providers in rostered practices prefer secure messaging over video. Despite fears that virtual visits would be overused by patients, when patients connected with their own primary care provider, many virtual visits appeared to replace in-person visits, and patients did not overwhelm physicians with requests. This approach may improve access and continuity in primary care.

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