Measurement of the Relative Cross-section of the $^{208}$Pb(p,x)Bi Reaction by Using a 100 MeV Proton Beam

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 883-887
Author(s):  
Jieun LEE ◽  
Jungran YOON* ◽  
Taeik RO ◽  
Samyol LEE
Keyword(s):  
Proton Beam ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Relative Cross Section

scholarly journals VUV and Soft X-ray Spectroscopy of Actinides

2003 ◽  
Vol 802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford G. Olson ◽  
John J. Joyce ◽  
Tomasz Durakiewicz ◽  
Elzbieta Guziewicz ◽  
Martin Butterfield
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Electronic States ◽  
Momentum Dependence ◽  
Auger Electrons ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Relative Cross Section ◽  
Initial States ◽  
Valence Bands

ABSTRACTOptical and photoelectron spectroscopies using VUV and Soft X-ray photons are powerful tools for studies of elemental and compound actinides. Large changes in the relative atomic cross sections of the 5f, 6d and sp electrons allow decomposition of the character of the valence bands using photoemission. Resonant enhancement of photoelectrons and Auger electrons at the 5d core threshold further aids the decomposition and gives a measure of elemental specificity. Angle-resolved photoemission can be used to map the momentum dependence of the electronic states. The large changes in relative cross section with photon energy yields further details when the mapping is done at equivalent points in multiple zones. Spectra for well understood rare earth materials will be presented to establish spectral characteristics for known atomic character initial states. These signatures will be applied to the case of USb to investigate f-d hybridization near the Fermi level.

The use of probiotics versus psyllium husk as a bowel preparation for prostate radiotherapy: a retrospective analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Hamilton ◽  
Dean McKenzie ◽  
Jason Wasiak ◽  
Paul Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Bowel Preparation ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Prostate Radiotherapy ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Psyllium Husk ◽  
Section Area ◽  
Relative Cross Section ◽  
Rectal Volume

AbstractIntroductionThe use of bowel preparation strategies to reduce the degree of rectal distension during prostate radiotherapy is well documented. This retrospective pilot study analysed and compared a probiotic agent against a psyllium-supplemented diet to establish the feasibility of probiotics as a bowel preparation for patients receiving radical radiotherapy for prostate cancer.MethodA retrospective chart review of five patients taking probiotics and five taking psyllium husk (psyllium) during their course of radiotherapy treatment was conducted. On treatment, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were compared with planning CTs to quantify inter-fractional variation in rectal volume and distension.ResultsForty-five CBCT scans were available in both the psyllium and probiotics groups for analysis. Variation in mean difference in rectal volume from planning (ΔRV), mean rectal cross-section area (CSA) and mean relative cross-section area (CSArel) was significantly increased for the probiotics group compared with the psyllium group (p=0·001, 0·008 and 0·007, respectively). No statistically significant differences in mean ΔRV, CSA and CSArel were detected between the two groups.ConclusionThis retrospective analysis suggests that a probiotics-based bowel preparation that utilises Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium lactis may result in increased rectal volume and CSA variation throughout treatment in comparison with a psyllium-supplemented diet.

scholarly journals Determination of the fast-neutron-induced fission cross-section of 242Pu at nELBE

2018 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 00009
Author(s):  
Toni Kögler ◽  
Roland Beyer ◽  
Arnd R. Junghans ◽  
Ronald Schwengner ◽  
Andreas Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Fast Neutron ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Neutron Transport ◽  
Fission Cross Section ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Fission Rate ◽  
Relative Cross Section ◽  
Neutron Time ◽  
Induced Fission

The fast-neutron-induced fission cross section of 242Pu was determined in the energy range of 0.5 MeV to 10MeV at the neutron time-of-flight facility nELBE. Using a parallel-plate fission ionization chamber this quantity was measured relative to 235U(n,f). The number of target nuclei was thereby calculated by means of measuring the spontaneous fission rate of 242Pu. An MCNP 6 neutron transport simulation was used to correct the relative cross section for neutron scattering. The determined results are in good agreement with current experimental and evaluated data sets.

Elastische Streuung von Protonen an Bleikernen bei 19,2 GeV/c

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1182-1184
Author(s):  
H. Going
Keyword(s):  
Angular Distribution ◽  
Differential Cross Section ◽  
Proton Beam ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Differential Cross ◽  
Forward Direction ◽  
Nuclear Scattering

The very well collimated 19,2 GeV/c CERN proton-beam hits a Pb-target. Small emulsions behind the target measure the angular distribution of scattered protons between 0.1° — 0.6°. This distribution yields a radius of interaction R=5.6 ·10-13 cm for Pb nuclei. The differential cross section for elastic nuclear scattering in the forward direction is found to be σ(0°) =2.15 ·105 barn/ster. These results are compared with those obtained by other authors.

Tc92andTc93by Relative Cross-Section Measurements

1948 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 1775-1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Kundu ◽  
M. L. Pool
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Relative Cross Section

PLATINUM GROUP ELEMENT HIGH-ENERGY PIXE

1990 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
NORMAN M. HALDEN ◽  
FRANK C. HAWTHORNE ◽  
J.J. GUY DUROCHER ◽  
JASPER S.C. McKEE ◽  
ALI MIRZAI
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Proton Beam ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Platinum Group Element ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Group Element ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Proton Bombardment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Platinum Group

K X-ray spectra have been obtained from Platinum-Group Element (PGE) minerals using 40 MeV Proton-Induced X-ray Emission. It is possible to resolve all four component X-ray lines for the PGEs. In cases where there is more than one PGE present, some K X-ray lines may overlap, but in all cases, there were single lines available for quantitative analysis. The spectrum obtained from the sperrylite during exposure to the proton beam beam contained Au X-rays. The presence of the Au can be attributed to (p,xn) reactions with Pt, induced by proton bombardment of the sample. The intensity of Au X-ray lines in the spectrum is proportional to the amount of Pt in the sample and the cross-section for (p,xn) reactions between Pt and Au at 40 MeV.

PIXE MICROANALYSIS OF VERY LOW Z ELEMENTS BY SUB MeV PROTON BEAM

1993 ◽  
Vol 03 (02) ◽  
pp. 109-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
USAMA M. EL-GHAWI
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Proton Beam ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Ionization Cross Section ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Ionization Cross ◽  
Ge Detector ◽  
Minimum Detection Limits ◽  
Modified Theory

Analysis of very low Z elements between Be and Si using sub MeV proton beam is explored based on theoretical calculations and supported by experimental data. With the availability of the new LE Ge detector, Be K α X-rays can be recorded with reasonable efficiency and high resolution. PWBA and the modified theory, ECPSSR, have been used for ionization cross-section calculation. Minimum detection limits (MDL’s) for thin target conditions are presented in the energy range of 150–2500 keV.

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