Ammonia Nitrogen Added to Diets Deficient in Dispensable Amino Acid Nitrogen Is Poorly Utilized for Urea Production in Growing Pigs

Hepatic urea production is increased in acutely uremic rats, but it is not known whether this is related to release of nitrogen from nonhepatic tissues. Rats with acute uremia had lower arterial concentrations of alanine, glutamine, and alpha-amino nitrogen when compared to sham-operated rats and released significantly more alpha-amino nitrogen from the hindquarter in situ. Release of alpha-amino nitrogen, alanine, and glutamine from the perfused hindquarter of acutely uremic rats was greater than that of sham-operated rats. These changes in situ and in the perfused hindquarter were more pronounced in rats deprived of food and water compared to fed animals and were not due to depletion of intracellular amino acids. In addition to increased amino acid nitrogen release, there was a higher urea appearance rate (excretion plus accumulation) in starved, uremic rats compared to sham-operated controls (244.7 +/- 11.2 vs. 182.0 +/- 12.4 mg. 100 g-1 .48 h-1); urea appearance also was suppressed partially by feeding. Both peripheral release of amino acids and diet influence waste nitrogen production in acute uremia.

Download Full-text

The Catabolism of Nitrogen Compounds in Dendrostomun cymodoceae Edmonds (Sipunculoidea)

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf9570131 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 131 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

SJ Edmonds

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Compounds ◽

Protein Nitrogen ◽

Urea Nitrogen ◽

Amino Acid Nitrogen ◽

Sipunculus Nudus

The total non-protein nitrogen in the excretory products of fasting specimens of Dendrostomum cymodoceae Edmonds was found to be 1.18-1.40 mg N/100 g wet wt./24 hr. Of the total nitrogen, 83-90 per cent. was excreted as ammonia nitrogen, 4-6 percent, as urea nitrogen, 0-4 percent. as amino acid nitrogen, and none as uric acid; 89-94 percent. of the nitrogen was thus accounted for. The results are compared with the corresponding values obtained by other workers for Sipunculus nudus and some other invertebrates.

Download Full-text

The non-protein nitrogen composition of grass silage:III. The composition of spoilt silages

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600069239 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 329-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

A. D. Hughes

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Nitrogen Content ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Protein Nitrogen ◽

High Ph ◽

Selective Degradation ◽

Amino Acid Nitrogen ◽

Three Samples

SUMMARYThe nitrogenous composition of the water soluble, non-protein nitrogen fractions of three samples of high-pH-spoilt silage and one sample of overheated silage were examined in detail. The amino acid nitrogen content of the high-pH-spoilt silages declined with increasing extent of spoilage, due to a selective degradation of the amino acids. Losses of amino acids were associated with proportionate increases in the amount of volatile basic nitrogen. Lower aliphatic amines were not present and it was therefore concluded that the ultimate end product of nitrogen metabolism in high-pH-spoilt silages was ammonia. Only low concentrations of putrefaction products, such as putroscine, cadaverine and histamine were present.The composition of the non-protein nitrogen fraction of the overheated silage was unusual in that the ammonia nitrogen content was high and associated with the complete destruction of certain amino acids. The free amino acid nitrogen content was low but this was partially compensated for by a very high ‘peptide’ nitrogen content. There was no evidence of putrefaction products in this silage.

Download Full-text

Prediction of duodenal flow of non-ammonia nitrogen and amino acid nitrogen in dairy cows

Livestock Production Science ◽

10.1016/0301-6226(86)90094-1 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 29-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

K. Rohr ◽

P. Lebzien ◽

H. Schafft ◽

E. Schulz

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Amino Acid Nitrogen

Download Full-text

EXTRACTION OF NITROGEN-CONTAINING ORGANIC MATTER FRACTIONS FROM A BROWN FOREST SOIL

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss70-031 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 227-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

F. J. SOWDEN

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Chelating Resin ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Amino Acid Distribution ◽

Brown Forest Soil ◽

Amino Acid Nitrogen ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Percent Recovery ◽

Organic Matter Fractions

After treatment with hydrofluoric acid, the soil was successively extracted with pyrophosphate, 0.03 N NaOH, 0.2 M acetylacetone and 0.5 N NaOH. Other samples of the soil were extracted with 0.2 M acetylacetone, then with a chelating resin. The extracts were dialyzed to remove soluble inorganic and low molecular weight organic material, and freeze-dried. Except for the pyrophosphate extract, the amount of ash remaining in the extracts was high. More nitrogen was lost in the various dialysates than was recovered in the dried extracts. The percent recovery of amino acid nitrogen in the pyrophosphate + 0.03 N NaOH extracts and their residue was higher than that of ammonia nitrogen, while that of the hexosamine nitrogen was intermediate. The amino acid distribution was similar in the soil, the extracts and the residues. However, the amino acid nitrogen as a percentage of the total nitrogen was, in general, higher in the extracts while the percentage of hexosamine was lower. Except for the 0.5 N NaOH, the extractants removed a small proportion of the glucosamine. The alkali extractions may have decomposed some of the asparagine and glutamine.

Download Full-text

A COMPARISON OF METHODS OF DETERMINING NITROGEN FRACTIONS IN SOILS

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss66-001 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

W. S. Ferguson ◽

F. J. Sowden

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Soil Nitrogen ◽

Steam Distillation ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Soluble Form ◽

Total Amino Acid ◽

Nitrogen Fractions ◽

Color Development ◽

Amino Acid Nitrogen ◽

Direct Color

The ammonia, hexosamine, and amino acid nitrogen fractions of soil hydrolyzates were determined with the Technicon autoanalyzer and the results compared with those from other more rapid methods of analysis. Ammonia determination by steam distillation agreed well with that by the autoanalyzer. Amino acid nitrogen, as determined by direct color development with ninhydrin and as ammonia after ninhydrin oxidation, agreed well with total amino acid nitrogen. Steam distillation was not a very satisfactory method of determining hexosamine nitrogen, probably because it was determined by difference between total distillable and distillable ammonia and the hexosamine nitrogen was small relative to the total nitrogen distilled.The soils tested contained approximately 20% acid-insoluble nitrogen. The acid hydrolyzate contained approximately 36% of total soil nitrogen as amino acid nitrogen, about 22% as ammonia nitrogen, and about 4% as hexosamine nitrogen. Approximately 20% of the soil nitrogen appeared in the hydrolyzate in a soluble form which was not identified by the methods used. A method is proposed which appears suitable for routine analysis of the nitrogen fractions of soils.

Download Full-text