scholarly journals Novelties of gasteroid fungi, earthstars and puffballs, from the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 045
Author(s):  
Dönis Da Silva Alfredo ◽  
Julieth De Oliveira Sousa ◽  
Elielson Jacinto de Souza ◽  
Luana Mayra Nunes Conrado ◽  
Iuri Goulart Baseia
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
New Record ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
The World ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Forest Biome

The goal of this study was to increase the knowledge of gasteroid fungi in Atlantic Forest biome, which is considered one of the most important hot-spots of the world. Field expeditions were carried out in the Reserva Biologica Municipal de Santa Rita Mitzi Brandao area, in the southeastern part of Minas Gerais. 39 samples belonging to 11 species of earthstars and puffballs are new record for Minas Gerais, Geastrum javanicum Lév., Bovista cunninghamii Kreisel, and Lycoperdon lambinonii Demoulin are first records for Brazil. Information about the locality, morphological characters, illustrations of the basidiomata, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the basidiospores, as well as its distribution in Brazil, are given for all species.

scholarly journals Assessing morphological congruence in Dinobryon species and their stomatocysts, including a newly established Dinobryon pediforme–stomatocyst connection

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Piątek ◽  
Joanna Lenarczyk ◽  
Marcin Piątek
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Marine Waters ◽  
Resting Stages ◽  
The World ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Sem Analyses

Abstract The chrysophyte genus Dinobryon Ehrenberg consists of 44 taxa, which occur in freshwaters, rarely marine waters, mostly in temperate regions of the world. The taxa of Dinobryon produce characteristic solitary or dendroid colonies and resting stages called stomatocysts. Only 20 Dinobryon taxa have information on produced stomatocysts and only four stomatocysts are reliably linked with vegetative stages using modern identification standards employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. In this study, an encysted material of Dinobryon pediforme (Lemmermann) Steinecke was collected in two lakes in contrasting regions of Poland. Light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses revealed that Dinobryon pediforme produces stomatocyst #61, Piątek J. that is described here as new morphotype following the International Statospore Working Group (ISWG) guidelines. This raises to five the number of reliable links between vegetative stages of Dinobryon species and corresponding stomatocysts. Phenotypic similarities between Dinobryon species and their stomatocysts, analysed for five reliably established links, showed no relationships in size and shape between loricas and stomatocysts belonging to the same species. The morphological characters of loricas and stomatocysts mapped onto the phylogenetic tree of the five Dinobryon species revealed only little congruence between their morphology and phylogenetic relationships.

Taxonomic application of macro and micro morphological characters of seeds in Astragalus L. (Galegeae, Fabaceae) in India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 502 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
SHIVANI KASHYAP ◽  
CHANDAN KUMAR SAHU ◽  
ROHIT KUMAR VERMA ◽  
LAL BABU CHAUDHARY
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Morphological Plasticity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Scanning Electron

Due to large size and enormous morphological plasticity, the taxonomy of the genus Astragalus is very complex and challenging. The identification and grouping of species chiefly based on macromorphological characters become sometimes difficult in the genus. In the present study, the micromorphology of the seeds of 30 species belonging to 14 sections of Astragalus from India has been examined applying scanning electron microscopy (SEM) along with light microscopy (LM) to evaluate their role in identification and classification. Attention was paid to colour, shape, size and surface of seeds. The overall size of the seeds ranges from 1.5–3.2 × 0.8–2.2 mm. The shape of the seeds is cordiform, deltoid, mitiform, orbicular, ovoid and reniform. The colour of seeds varies from brown to blackish-brown to black. Papillose, reticulate, ribbed, rugulate and stellate patterns were observed on the seed coat surface (spermoderm) among different species. The study reveals that the seed coat ornamentations have evolved differently among species and do not support the subgeneric and sectional divisions of the genus. However, they add an additional feature to the individual species, which may help in identification in combination with other macro-morphological features.

scholarly journals Amphibia, Anura, Centrolenidae, Vitreorana uranoscopa (Müller, 1924): new record for the northeastern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcoandre Savaris ◽  
Silvana Lampert ◽  
Elaine Maria Lucas ◽  
Angelo Vinicius da Rosa Peres ◽  
Juliana Orsato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
New Record ◽  
New Records ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Forest Biome

The Atlantic Forest Biome is among the world’s hotspots for biodiversity conservation and concentrates the greatest diversity of amphibians in the world. However, information on the distribution pattern of species is largely unknown in this biome. This study report new records of Vitreorana uranoscopa for northeast region of Rio Grande do Sul.

scholarly journals Analysis of the type material of Achnanthes minutissima var. macrocephala (Bacillariophyta) and description of two new small capitate Achnanthidium species from Europe and the Himalaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-350
Author(s):  
Carlos E. Wetzel ◽  
Ingrid Jüttner ◽  
Smriti Gurung ◽  
Luc Ector
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Benthic Diatom ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
The Himalaya ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Achnanthes Minutissima

Background and aims – Two unknown benthic diatom species belonging to the genus Achnanthidium Kütz., and found in French and Nepalese freshwater habitats, were investigated. Both species are here described as new and compared with the original material of Achnanthes minutissima var. macrocephala Hust. [≡ Achnanthidium macrocephalum (Hust.) Round & Bukht.] from Indonesia. Methods – The morphology of three small and capitate Achnanthidium species was investigated using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Key results – Achnanthidium coxianum sp. nov. (from the Himalaya) belongs to the group of species with hooked terminal raphe endings, while Achnanthidium peetersianum sp. nov. (from France) has variable terminal raphe endings which are usually slightly bent. Achnanthidium macrocephalum is a much rarer species and illustrations concerning its identity in the literature do not conform to the type studied here. Conclusions – The three species are similar in LM but clearly distinct in SEM. The shape of the areolae and terminal raphe endings separate the species. Achnanthidium macrocephalum has often been misidentified in studies from many areas of the world. It is similar to the new species in valve outline and in its small dimensions.

scholarly journals ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDIES OF SOME ANTICANCER PLANTS POLLEN GRAINS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1386-1393
Author(s):  
Jayshree Sandesh Thaware ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Datura Metel ◽  
Scanning Electron

Pollen is appropriately referred by some as Golden dust extremely valuable on account of their tremendous applications in science, industries and public health. No other plant part even though extremely tiny in size is packed with so much information and power. Similar to other plant parts, pollen characters are so varied that the classification system of plants can be built up entirely on the basis of pollen morphology.Palynology is the distinct branch of biology that deals with the dispersed microscopic tiny living and fossil entities including pollen grains, spores, algal and fungal fragments and others. An important aspect of Palynology is the Pollen morphology. The importance of Palynology in taxonomic and phylogenetic consideration of plants is well known. The changes occurring through hybridization and years of cultivation are reflected in pollen morphology. The scope and interest in the study of pollen morphology have widened with the advent of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and with regards to unipalynous taxa particularly the understanding of finer morphology is of fundamental importance. SEM gives a correct understanding of exine surface as the electron photographs of the surface replica of the exine provides the exact picture of the ornamentation pattern. The variation in the pollen morphological characters helps in the classification of plant taxa and their assessment of their phylogenetic relationship. In the present investigation, the pollen morphological studies were carried out of some ethnomedicinal plants like Catharanthus roseus, Allamanda cathartica, Datura metel, Brassica juncea, Raphanus sativus and Cleome viscosa pollen grains by Scanning electron microscopy. All that they possess anticancer characteristics in common.

scholarly journals Foliar trichomes of Croton L. (Euphorbiaceae: Crotonoideae) from China and its taxonomic implications

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan-Fang Liu ◽  
Yun-Fei Deng ◽  
Jing-Ping Liao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Sectional Classification ◽  
Trichome Types ◽  
Trichome Morphology ◽  
Scanning Electron

Foliar trichomes of 21 species of the genus Croton L. from China have been examined using stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Five trichome types characterized by their morphology are identified, viz., stellate, lepidote, simple, dendritic and appressed-rosulate. Only stellate trichome is observed in most species, with only six species that are found to maintain two or three trichome types. Trichome types and density are useful for species identification and sectional classification for Chinese species. Based on the trichome types and other morphological characters, 21 Chinese species are proposed to be placed in five sections. Croton crassifolius belongs to sect. Andrichnia; C. cascarilloides belongs to sect. Monguia; C. mangelong, C. kongensis, C. laevigatus and C. laniflorus belong to sect. Argyrocroton; C. lauioides, C. howii and C. damayeshu belong to sect. Adenophylli. The remaining Chinese Croton species might be placed into sect. Croton. A key for Chinese Croton species based on trichome morphology is provided.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i1.15468Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 20(1): 85-94, 2013 (June)

scholarly journals On cestode and digenean parasites of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) from the Rietvlei Dam, South Africa

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Barson ◽  
A. Avenant-Oldewage
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Record ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Host Fish ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sharptooth catfish, Clarias gariepinus, from the Rietvlei Dam near Pretoria, South Africa were examined for internal platyhelminth parasites. Two adult cestodes, Polyonchobothrium clarias (stomach) (prev alence 71 %, mean intensity = 5, n = 7) and Proteocephalus glanduliger (anterior intestine) (prevalence 14 %, mean intensity = 2, n = 7), were found in the gut while metacercariae of one larval digenean, Ornithodiplostomum sp. (prevalence 14 %, mean intensity = 140, n = 7), were found encysted in the muscles. The morphology of these species, based on light and scanning electron microscopy as well as histological analysis, and how they differ from previously described specimens, are discussed. Ornithodiplostomum is a new record in southern Africa. Infection levels of the host fish were mild compared to records from previous surveys.

Four new Luticola taxa (Bacillariophyta) from Maritime Antarctica 

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
RALITSA ZIDAROVA ◽  
ZLATKO LEVKOV ◽  
BART VAN DE VIJVER
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
World Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Scanning Electron

The paper describes four new Luticola taxa from the South Shetland Archipelago, Antarctica:  Luticola neglecta sp. nov., L. bogaertsiana sp. nov., L. contii sp. nov. and L. olegsakharovii sp. nov. All new taxa are studied using both light and scanning electron microscopy and compared to other morphologically similar species from (sub-)Antarctica and elsewhere in the world. Data on their ecology and biogeography are added. 

Trachelomonas volzii vs T. dubia (Euglenophyceae)—one or two separate species? Study on similarities and differences of the species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 357 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAŁGORZATA PONIEWOZIK ◽  
KONRAD WOŁOWSKI ◽  
JOLANTA PIĄTEK
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Species Study ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study concerns the two species Trachelomonas volzii and T. dubia which were examined for similarities and dissimilarities of their loricae and monads organization. We specifically focused on the key features of both species that were originally used to separate one from the other: annular thickening at the base of collar and dimensions and ornamentation of loricae. Loricae of specimens were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy and the results were compared with the literature data describing these taxa and reported occurrences in the world. The species together with their varieties and forms do not appear to have strong characteristics distinguishing them, rather the variability observed fits natural phenotypic changes. Based on evidence from this study, we recommend combining these two taxa and propose T. volzii as the single taxon. We also examined a set of varieties of original T. volzii since the species contained several varieties that were almost identical in relation to lorica structure and occurrence. As a result of these observations, we propose the following varieties: Trachelomonas volzii var. volzii as a nominative variety, T. volzii var. australis, T. volzii var. sulcata, T. volzii var. inflata, T. volzii var. acidophila. Furthermore, we propose reclassifying some taxa and the new combinations such as: T. dubia var. ornata to T. volzii var. ornata and T. dubia var. colliundulata to T. volzii var. colliundulata. In our opinion, T. dubia fo. acuminata should be included with the species T. hexangulata due to its unique, hexagonal shaped lorica.

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