scholarly journals Laboratory Evaluation of a New Selective Water Control Treatment and its Implementation in a North Sea Well

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zettlitzer ◽  
W. Schuhbauer ◽  
N. Kohler
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Water Control

Laboratory evaluation of a new, selective water control treatment and its implementation in a North Sea well

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zettlitzer ◽  
W. Schuhbauer ◽  
N. Kohler
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Evaluation ◽  
Water Control

scholarly journals EFFECT OF FOLIAR APPLICATION OF VERMIWASH ON GROWTH AND QUALITY OF BRINJAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
M. Yasmin ◽  
M.S. Rahman ◽  
M.A. Rahman ◽  
F.S. Shikha ◽  
M.K. Alam
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Water Control

The experiment was conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jamalpur, Bangladesh during the period of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021 to investigate the effect of vermiwash on growth, yield and quality of brinjal and to find out suitable foliar dose of vermiwash for optimizing the yield of brinjal. There were five treatments comprising T1= Chemical fertilizer (CF) + foliar spray of distilled water (control), T2 = CF + foliar spray of 10% vermiwash, T3 = CF + foliar spray of 20% vermiwash, T4 = CF + foliar spray of 30% vermiwash and T5= CF + foliar spray of 40% vermiwash. Results revealed that, vermiwash treated brinjal plants showed better growth and yield parameters than the control plants. The highest average brinjal fruit yield (29.99 t ha-1) was found in T3 treatment i.e., foliar spray of 20% concentration of vermiwash and the lowest (26.35 t ha-1) came from control. On the other hand, nutritional quality (moisture content, TSS, β carotene and nutrient content) were seen to be higher in vermiwash treated treatment compared to control treatment. The study suggests that, 20% concentration of vermiwash could be used as effective foliar spray for eco-friendly and higher yield of brinjal.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF GRADUAL HIGH SALINITY ON SOME STRESS PARAMETERS (GLUCOSE,TOTAL PROTEIN AND LACTATE) IN BLOOD PLASMA OF COMMON CARP

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al- Khshali & Al- Hilalli
Keyword(s):  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Stress Parameters ◽  
In Blood Plasma

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of high salinity on the some stress parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) which gradually exposed to salt concentrations of 5, 10 and 15g/liter, as well as tap water (control 0.1g/liter) for 90 days .80 fish were randomly distributed on eight glass tanks with 2 replicates as 10 fish / replicate at average weight of 15 ± 3 g to study the effect of salinity on the Total protein , Glucose ,and Lactate in blood plasma , Fish were fed during the trial on commercial diet with 31.9 % protein content.. Results showed that an increase in the total protein to 4.98 and then decrease to 4.60  and 3.90 g/100 cm3 when the salinity increased to 5, 10 and 15 g/l respectively, compared with the control treatment (4.94 g/100 cm3).  Glucose reached 75.11, 91.20 and 95.17 mg/100 ml at the concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 g/l respectively, compared with the control treatment (66.64 mg/100ml). Lactate also increased to 43.12, 45.38  and 48.53  mg/100 ml , when the salinity increased to  5 , 10 and 15 g/l respectively, in comparison with control treatment  (40.65 mg/100 ml) .

scholarly journals Commercial Vinegar Tablets Do Not Display the Same Physiological Benefits for Managing Postprandial Glucose Concentrations as Liquid Vinegar

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Natasha K. Feise ◽  
Carol S. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Glucose Excursion ◽  
The Impact

Objective. Research evidence suggests that vinegar may effectively reduce postprandial glucose in both healthy adults and those with type 2 diabetes. There is heightened consumer interest in commercially available vinegar tablets; however, it is not known whether these products lower postprandial glycemia to the same extent as liquid vinegar. This crossover trial examined the impact of liquid vinegar versus commercial vinegar tablet ingestion at the start of a meal on the 60-minute glucose excursion postmeal in healthy adults. Methods. Twelve young men and women (22.6 ± 0.6 y; 21.2 ± 1.2 kg/m2) completed this 4-arm Latin square crossover trial. Testing was separated by one week and consisted of a test meal (64 g carbohydrate) consumed immediately following one of the four oral treatments: CON, 60 g water (control treatment); VIN, 25 g liquid vinegar (5% acidity; 1.25 g acetic acid) diluted with 35 g water; PILL, four vinegar tablets (1.50 g acetic acid) swallowed whole with 60 g water; and PILL-c, four crushed vinegar tablets dissolved in 60 g water. Capillary blood glucose was tested in the fasted state and at 30 and 60 minutes postmeal. Results. The 60-minute glucose excursion varied significantly by treatment (iAUC: 4.9 ± 0.6, 3.4 ± 0.4, 4.9 ± 0.6, and 4.1 ± 0.5 mmol˖h/l for CON, VIN, PILL, and PILL-c, respectively; F (3, 33) = 3.037, p  = 0.043; repeated measures ANOVA). Post hoc analysis revealed a 31% reduction in the glucose postmeal excursion for VIN in comparison to CON and PILL ( p  = 0.040 and p  = 0.049, respectively). Conclusions. These data suggest that commercial vinegar tablets taken whole at mealtime are not as effective as liquid vinegar for reducing the postmeal glucose excursion in young, healthy adults.

scholarly journals Baseline Sensitivity of Didymella bryoniae to Cyprodinil and Fludioxonil and Field Efficacy of these Fungicides Against Isolates Resistant to Pyraclostrobin and Boscalid

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 815-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Keinath
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Didymella Bryoniae ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Baseline Sensitivity ◽  
Qoi Fungicides ◽  
Stem Blight ◽  
Gummy Stem Blight ◽  
Development Of Resistance

To prevent yield reductions from gummy stem blight, fungicides often must be applied to watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and muskmelon (Cucumis melo). Didymella bryoniae, the ascomycete fungus that causes gummy stem blight, is resistant to thiophanate-methyl, quinone-outside inhibitors (QoI), boscalid, and penthiopyrad. In place of these fungicides, premixtures of cyprodinil and fludioxonil (Switch 62.5WG) or cyprodinil and difenoconazole (Inspire Super 2.82SC) are used. The objectives of this study were to examine baseline isolates of D. bryoniae for sensitivity to cyprodinil and fludioxonil and to determine the efficacy of cyprodinil-fludioxonil and cyprodinil-difenoconazole against isolates resistant to QoI fungicides and boscalid. Colony diameters of 146 isolates of D. bryoniae collected in South Carolina and other U.S. states prior to 2008 were measured on glucose minimal medium amended with cyprodinil or fludioxonil. Mean effective concentration values that reduced relative colony diameter by 50% were 0.052 and 0.099 mg/liter cyprodinil and fludioxonil, respectively. In autumn 2008, 2009, and 2011, field-grown watermelon inoculated with isolates resistant to QoI fungicides and boscalid was treated with boscalid-pyraclostrobin alternated with chlorothalonil, cyprodinil-fludioxonil alternated with chlorothalonil, cyprodinil-difenoconazole alternated with chlorothalonil, tebuconazole alternated with chlorothalonil, chlorothalonil, or water. In 2008 and 2011, both cyprodinil treatments reduced disease severity compared with the water control treatment and chlorothalonil alone. In 2008 and 2009, cyprodinil-fludioxonil reduced severity compared with boscalid-pyraclostrobin and, in 2008, cyprodinil-difenoconazole and tebuconazole also did. Use of cyprodinil-fludioxonil should control gummy stem blight effectively and may delay development of resistance to cyprodinil and fludioxonil in D. bryoniae. However, because Botrytis cinerea became resistant to both cyprodinil and fludioxonil after multiple applications of cyprodinil-fludioxonil per season, prudent fungicide rotations should be followed when using cyprodinil-containing fungicides against D. bryoniae.

Current Water-Control Treatment Designs

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Dahl ◽  
P.D. Nguyen ◽  
E.D. Dalrymple ◽  
A.B. Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Control Treatment ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Treatment Designs

scholarly journals Induced Resistance to Blackleg (Leptosphaeria maculans) Disease of Canola (Brassica napus) Caused by a Weakly Virulent Isolate of Leptosphaeria biglobosa

Plant Disease ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1059-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Chen ◽  
W. G. D. Fernando
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Leptosphaeria Maculans ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Pathogenicity Group ◽  
Weakly Virulent ◽  
Leptosphaeria Biglobosa ◽  
Highly Virulent

Blackleg of canola is a disease complex of at least two fungal species: Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa. Isolates of L. biglobosa typically are weakly virulent or avirulent and are assigned to pathogenicity group 1 (PG-1). Isolates of L. maculans are highly virulent and encompass pathogenicity groups PG-2, PG-3, and PG-4. In greenhouse tests, percent lesion/leaf area (PLLA) on cotyledons of two Brassica napus cultivars, Westar and Invigor 2153, was smaller when L. biglobosa (PG-1) was either pre- or co-inoculated at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h with virulent isolates of L. maculans in PG-2, PG-3, and PG-4. On six-leaf-stage plants of Westar, the PLLA declined significantly compared with the control when the lower leaves were treated with either PG-1 or salicylic acid, then challenged with a PG-2 isolate 24 h later. In addition, the activity of four enzymes (chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, peroxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase) was greatly enhanced at 48 and 72 h when cotyledons of Westar were inoculated first with PG-1 followed by PG-2 24 h later, compared with a water control treatment. Field experiments conducted in 2003 and 2004 showed decreased blackleg severity in plants inoculated with PG-1 alone or prior to PG-2 compared with plants inoculated with PG-2 alone or prior to PG-1.

scholarly journals Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of ABA and CaCl2 Regulating Chilling Tolerance of Cucumber Seedlings

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2746
Author(s):  
Qian Feng ◽  
Sen Yang ◽  
Yijia Wang ◽  
Lu Lu ◽  
Mintao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Injury Index ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Cacl2 Treatment ◽  
Relative Electrical Conductivity

Cold stress is a limiting factor to the growth and development of cucumber in the temperate regions; hence, improving the crop’s tolerance to low temperature is highly pertinent. The regulation of low-temperature tolerance with exogenous ABA and CaCl2 was investigated in the cucumber variety Zhongnong 26. Under low-temperature conditions (day/night 12/12 h at 5 °C), seedlings were sprayed with a single application of ABA, CaCl2, or a combination of both. Our analysis included a calculated chilling injury index, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, relative electrical conductivity, antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, and APX), leaf tissue structure, and expression of cold-related genes by transcriptome sequencing. Compared with the water control treatment, the combined ABA + CaCl2 treatment significantly improved the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) of the seedlings by 34.47%, 59.66%, and 118.80%, respectively (p < 0.05), and significantly reduced the chilling injury index, relative electrical conductivity, and MDA content, by 89.47%, 62.17%, and 44.55%, respectively (p < 0.05). Transcriptome analysis showed that compared with the water control treatment, 3442 genes were differentially expressed for the combined treatment, 3921 for the ABA treatment, and 1333 for the CaCl2 treatment. KEGG enrichment analysis for both the ABA and combined ABA + CaCl2 treatments (as compared to the water control) showed that it mainly involves genes of the photosynthesis pathway and metabolic pathways. Differentially expressed genes following the CaCl2 treatment were mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction, plant–pathogen interaction, MAPK signaling pathway–plant, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and circadian rhythm–plant. qRT-PCR analysis and RNA-seq results showed a consistent trend in variation of differential gene expression. Overall, this study demonstrated that although all three treatments provided some protection, the combined treatment of ABA (35 mg/L) with CaCl2 (500 mg/L) afforded the best results. A combined ABA + CaCl2 treatment can effectively alleviate cold-stress damage to cucumber seedlings by inducing physiological changes in photosynthesis and metabolism, and provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the application of exogenous ABA and CaCl2 for low-temperature protection of cucumber seedlings.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN INSEKTISIDA BOTANIS UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN HAMA PADA TANAMAN TOMAT

EUGENIA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Rante ◽  
D. T. Sembel ◽  
E. R.M. Meray ◽  
M. M. Ratulangi ◽  
M. F. Dien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Botanical Insecticide ◽  
Water Control ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Pest ◽  
The Village

ABSTRACT   The experiment was conducted in the village of Touure, Tompaso District, Minahasa regency since April to August 2013. Designed studies using randomized block design with 3 treatments, namely fruit extract Bitung (treatment A), tuba root extract (treatment B) and water (control treatment), each treatment was repeated 3 times. Results showed that that the extract of Barringtonia asiatica and Derris elliptica has a botanical insecticide to control the properties of N. tenuis. Applications B. asiatica extract and D. elliptica were not significantly different, but both are significantly different from controls. In addition to N. tenuis found several Plant Pest Organisms (OPT) that attack tomato plants including pest Liriomyza sp., leafhoppers tomatoes., black stem base diseases, leaf spot diseases and viral diseases. Key words : Botanic Insecticide, Tomato pest control ABSTRAK   Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Toure, Kecamatan Tompaso, Kabupaten Minahasa sejak bulan April sampai dengan Agustus 2013.  Penelitian dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu ekstrak buah bitung (perlakuan A), ekstrak akar tuba (perlakuan B) dan air (perlakuan kontrol) yang masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahwa ekstrak Barringtonia asiatica dan Derris elliptica memiliki sifat insektisida botanis untuk mengendalikan N. tenuis. Aplikasi ekstrak B. asiatica dan D. elliptica tidak berbeda nyata, namun keduanya berbeda nyata dengan kontrol.  Selain N. tenuis ditemukan juga beberapa Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman (OPT) yang menyerang tanaman tomat diantaranya hama Liriomyza sp., wereng tomat., penyakit pangkal batang hitam, penyakit bercak daun dan penyakit virus. Kata kunci : Insektisida botanis, pengendalian hama tanaman tomat

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