Determination of the effects of two feed supplements on Drosophila melanogaster

SummaryRates of transposition and excision of the Drosophila melanogaster retrotransposon elements mdg3, 297, Doc, roo and copia were estimated directly, by in situ hybridization analysis of their cytological insertion sites in 31 replicates of a highly inbred line that had accumulated spontaneous mutations for approximately 160generations. Estimated transposition rates of Doc, roo and copia were, respectively, 4·2 × 10−5, 3·1 × 10−3 and 1·3 − 10−3; no transpositions of 297 nor mdg3 were observed. Rates of transposition of copia varied significantly among sublines. Excisions were only observed for roo elements, at a rate of 9·0 × 10−6 per element per generation. Copy number averaged over these element families increased 5·9 %; therefore, in these lines the magnitude of the forces opposing transposable element multiplication were weaker than transposition rates.

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Quantitative Untersuchungen über die Ommochromvorstufen in den Malpighischen Gefäßen verschiedener Drosophila-Mutanten

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B ◽

10.1515/znb-1968-0423 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 547-554 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Dieter Eichelberg

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Quantitative Determination ◽

Paper Chromatography ◽

Type A ◽

Individual Development ◽

Wild Type ◽

Strong Reduction ◽

The Individual

This paper concerns with the quantitative determination of ommochrome precursors in the Malpighian tubes of Drosophila melanogaster during the individual development. After separation by paper chromatography the amounts of tryptophane, kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine have been estimated by a spectrophotometer. The concentrations of these three substances obtained from wild-type Malpighian tubes have been compared with the quantities of the mutants brown (bw) and red Malpighian tubes (red). During development there are significant variabilities in contents of tryptophane, kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine in the Malpighian tubes. In the larval tubes large quantities of ommochrome precursors are accumulated. With the beginning of metamorphosis there is a distinct decrease in these substances. After hatching the amount increases steadily until reaching a constant level. In the Malpighian tubes there are also sex differences: in females the concentration of kynurenine and 3-hydroxykynurenine is higher than in males. The results obtained from the mutants brown and red Malpighian tubes are on principle the same as those obtained from wild-type. A strong reduction of kynurenine contents is found in the mutant red Malpighian tubes. Perhaps in this mutant the kynurenine-hydroxilase-activity is lower than in wild-type. The amounts of ommochrome precursors, accumulated in the larval Malpighian tubes, do not correspond in all cases to the contents of xanthommatine formed in the eyes of the adults.

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Determination of the insecticide activity of the saponine of the quinua (Chenopodium quinoa) in larvas of Drosophila melanogaster

Scientia Agropecuaria ◽

10.17268/sci.agropecu.2019.01.04 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 39-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Bonilla ◽

Y. Carbajal ◽

M. Gonzales ◽

V. Vásquez ◽

A. López

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Chenopodium Quinoa ◽

Insecticide Activity

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High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Melengestrol Acetate in Dry Feed Supplements

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/64.3.661 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 661-664

Author(s):

Jose E Roybal

Keyword(s):

High Pressure ◽

Standard Deviation ◽

Methylene Chloride ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Confirmatory Test ◽

High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic ◽

Melengestrol Acetate ◽

Feed Supplements ◽

Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method is described for the quantitative determination of melengestrol acetate (MGA) in dry animal feed supplements containing 0.000027-0.000220% MGA (0.125-1.00 mg/lb). Ground feed is Soxhletextracted with hexane, and the extract is partitioned from hexane into aqueous methanol and then into methylene chloride, followed by mixed column chromatography. MGA is then quantitated by HPLC. Average recovery of standard MGA through the method at 1.00 ppm (0.454 mg/lb).was 94.8% with a 3.58% standard deviation. Average spike recovery of MGA in fortified feed at 0.100 ppm (0.0454 mg/lb) to 2.00 ppm (0.907 mg/lb) level was 97.8% with a standard deviation of 5.39%. In addition, the method includes a 2-dimensional thin layer chromatographic confirmatory test for MGA.

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Pheromone synthesis. Part 250: Determination of the stereostructure of CH503, a sex pheromone of male Drosophila melanogaster, as (3R,11Z,19Z)-3-acetoxy-11,19-octacosadien-1-ol by synthesis and chromatographic analysis of its eight isomers

Tetrahedron ◽

10.1016/j.tet.2012.03.002 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 68 (19) ◽

pp. 3750-3760 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Yasumasa Shikichi ◽

Kazuaki Akasaka ◽

Shigeyuki Tamogami ◽

Shruti Shankar ◽

Joanne Y. Yew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Sex Pheromone ◽

Chromatographic Analysis

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Comparative Effect of 200 KV. X-Rays and Gamma Rays on the Pupae of Drosophila Melanogaster: I. Determination of "Equivalent Roentgen" Value for Gamma Rays: II. Summation Experiments with X-Rays and Gamma Rays

The American Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1158/ajc.1938.565 ◽

1938 ◽

Vol 32 (4) ◽

pp. 565-581 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. H. Muller

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Gamma Rays ◽

X Rays ◽

Comparative Effect

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XVII.—Utilization of Dietary Purines and Pyrimidines by Drosophila melanogaster

Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Section B Biology ◽

10.1017/s0080455x00000552 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 339-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

James H. Sang

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Orotic Acid ◽

De Novo ◽

Normal Growth ◽

Energy Utilization ◽

Good Growth ◽

Response Curves ◽

Adenylic Acid ◽

Multicellular Organisms

SynopsisDrosophila melanogaster larvæ when cultured aseptically on a synthetic diet require exogenous ribose nucleic acid (RNA) for normal growth even though they can synthesize their own endogenous RNA from simple precursors. The optimum dietary supply lies between 0.4 and 0.7 per cent RNA. Individual bases, nucleosides and nucleotides which make up RNA cannot substitute for the whole polynucleotide, but adenine, adenosine, adenylic acid, guanosine and guanylic acid are used and stimulate growth to varying degrees. The pyrimidines and their nucleosides and nucleotides are not used when fed singly.It is shown that the de novo synthesis of purines may be more difficult than that of pyrimidines, and that if a source of purines is supplied (as adenylic acid), then the nucleosides and nucleotides of both cytosine and uracil are utilized by the larvæ, whereas the free bases are not. Cytidylic and uridylic acids seem to be interchangeable, and together with an adequate supply of adenylic acid give as good growth as RNA. Orotic acid and 2—6-diaminopurine are not used by the larvæ under the conditions described, but hypoxanthine and inosine are: xanthine and xanthosine can also be shown to have an effect on growth.Dose-response curves were determined for adenylic, guanylic, cytidylic and uridylic acids under conditions which allow the determination of the optimal supplies of each. These are found to be about 0.110, 0.080, 0.025 and 0.025 per cent, respectively. The requirement of RNA is therefore primarily a requirement of adenylic acid, since more than enough of the other nucleotides should be available when the supply of RNA is optimal. The optimal supply of adenine corresponds almost exactly with the optimal supply of adenylic acid, though a somewhat delayed larval development may be a result of energy utilization in the base-nucleoside-nucleotide conversion.These results are discussed in the light of our knowledge of purine and pyrimidine utilization in other multicellular organisms, particularly the rat, and possible applications of the findings are considered.

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THE ANATOMY AND FUNCTION OF A SEGMENT OF THE X CHROMOSOME OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/71.1.139 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

pp. 139-156

Author(s):

B H Judd ◽

M W Shen ◽

T C Kaufman

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

X Chromosome ◽

Functional Group ◽

Deletion Mapping ◽

Mutant Type ◽

Functional Units ◽

Average Size ◽

And Function

ABSTRACT An average size chromomere of the polytene X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster contains enough DNA in each haploid equivalent strand to code for 30 genes, each 1,000 nucleotides long. We have attempted to learn about the organization of chromosomes by asking how many functional units can be localized within a chromomere. This was done by 1) recovery of mutants representative of every cistron in the 3A2-3C2 region; 2) the characterization of the function of each mutant type and grouping by complementation tests; 3) the determination of the genetic and cytological position of each cistron by recombination and deletion mapping. The data clearly show one functional group per chromomere. It is postulated that a chromomere is one cistron within which much of the DNA is regulatory in function.

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