Challenges in the Design of Adoptive, Intelligent and Cognitive Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 47-67
Author(s):  
W. Kinsner
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
Design Paradigm ◽  
Systemic Problems

Numerous attempts are being made to develop machines that could act not only autonomously, but also in an increasingly intelligent and cognitive manner. Such cognitive machines ought to be aware of their environments which include not only other machines, but also human beings. Such machines ought to understand the meaning of information in more human-like ways by grounding knowledge in the physical world and in the machines’ own goals. The motivation for developing such machines range from self-evidenced practical reasons such as the expense of computer maintenance, to wearable computing in health care, and gaining a better understanding of the cognitive capabilities of the human brain. To achieve such an ambitious goal requires solutions to many problems, ranging from human perception, attention, concept creation, cognition, consciousness, executive processes guided by emotions and value, and symbiotic conversational human-machine interactions. This paper discusses some of the challenges emerging from this new design paradigm, including systemic problems, design issues, teaching the subjects to undergraduate students in electrical and computer engineering programs, research related to design.

scholarly journals SOME CHALLENGES IN THE DESIGN AND EDUCATION OF INTELLIGENT MACHINES AND SYSTEMS

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Kinsner ◽  
Yingxu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
Intelligent Machines ◽  
Design Paradigm ◽  
Systemic Problems

Numerous attempts are being made to develop machines that could act not only autonomously, but also in anTo achieve such an ambitious goal requires solutions to many problems, ranging from human perception, attention, concept creation, cognition, consciousness, executive processes guided by emotions and value, and symbiotic conversational human-machine interactions. This paper discusses some of the challenges emerging from this new design paradigm, including systemic problems, design issues, teaching the subjects to undergraduate students in electrical and computer engineering programs, research related to design. increasingly intelligent and cognitive manner. Such cognitive machines ought to be aware of their environments which include not only other machines, but also human beings. Such machines ought to understand the meaning of information in more human-like ways by grounding knowledge in the physical world and in the machines' own goals. The motivation for developing such machines range from self-evidenced practical reasons such as the expense of computer maintenance, to wearable computing in health care, and gaining a better understanding of the cognitive capabilities of the human brain.

Towards Cognitive Machines

2011 ◽  
pp. 188-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Witold Kinsner
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Wearable Computing ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Radar

Numerous attempts are being made to develop machines that could act not only autonomously, but also in an increasingly intelligent and cognitive manner. Such cognitive machines ought to be aware of their environments which include not only other machines, but also human beings. Such machines ought to understand the meaning of information in more human-like ways by grounding knowledge in the physical world and in the machines’ own goals. The motivation for developing such machines ranges from self-evidenced practical reasons, such as the expense of computer maintenance, to wearable computing in health care, and gaining a better understanding of the cognitive capabilities of the human brain. To achieve such an ambitious goal requires solutions to many problems, ranging from human perception, attention, concept creation, cognition, consciousness, executive processes guided by emotions and value, and symbiotic conversational human-machine interactions. An important component of this cognitive machine research includes multiscale measures and analysis. This chapter presents definitions of cognitive machines, representations of processes, as well as their measurements, measures and analysis. It provides examples from current research, including cognitive radio, cognitive radar, and cognitive monitors.

Towards Cognitive Machines

2011 ◽  
pp. 2465-2476
Author(s):  
Witold Kinsner
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Wearable Computing ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Radar

Numerous attempts are being made to develop machines that could act not only autonomously, but also in an increasingly intelligent and cognitive manner. Such cognitive machines ought to be aware of their environments, which include not only other machines, but also human beings. Such machines ought to understand the meaning of information in more human-like ways by grounding knowledge in the physical world and in the machines’ own goals. The motivation for developing such machines range from self-evidenced practical reasons such as the expense of computer maintenance, to wearable computing in health care, and gaining a better understanding of the cognitive capabilities of the human brain. To achieve such an ambitious goal requires solutions to many problems, ranging from human perception, attention, concept creation, cognition, consciousness, executive processes guided by emotions and value, and symbiotic conversational human-machine interactions. An important component of this cognitive machine research includes multiscale measures and analysis. This article presents definitions of cognitive machines, representations of processes, as well as their measurements, measures, and analysis. It provides examples from current research, including cognitive radio, cognitive radar, and cognitive monitors.

Towards Cognitive Machines

2011 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Witold Kinsner
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Wearable Computing ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Practical Reasons ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Executive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Radar

Numerous attempts are being made to develop machines that could act not only autonomously, but also in an increasingly intelligent and cognitive manner. Such cognitive machines ought to be aware of their environments, which include not only other machines, but also human beings. Such machines ought to understand the meaning of information in more human-like ways by grounding knowledge in the physical world and in the machines’ own goals. The motivation for developing such machines range from self-evidenced practical reasons such as the expense of computer maintenance, to wearable computing in health care, and gaining a better understanding of the cognitive capabilities of the human brain. To achieve such an ambitious goal requires solutions to many problems, ranging from human perception, attention, concept creation, cognition, consciousness, executive processes guided by emotions and value, and symbiotic conversational human-machine interactions. An important component of this cognitive machine research includes multiscale measures and analysis. This article presents definitions of cognitive machines, representations of processes, as well as their measurements, measures, and analysis. It provides examples from current research, including cognitive radio, cognitive radar, and cognitive monitors.

scholarly journals Anthropomorphization Framework for Human-Object Communication

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Osawa ◽  
◽  
Jun Mukai ◽  
Michita Imai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Ubiquitous Computing ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Body Language ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Object ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Ubiquitous Computing Environments

We propose an anthropomorphization framework that determines an object’s body image. This framework directly intervenes and anthropomorphizes objects in ubiquitous-computing environments through robotic body parts shaped like those of human beings, which provide information through spoken directions and body language. Our purpose is to demonstrate that an object acquires subjective representations through anthropomorphization. Using this framework, people can more fully understand instructions given by an object. We designed an anthropomorphization framework that changes the body image by attaching body parts. We also conducted experiments to evaluate this framework. Results indicate that the site at which an anthropomorphization device is attached influences human perception of the object’s virtual body image, and participants in experiments understood several instructions given by the object more clearly. Results also indicate that participants better intuited their devices’ instructions and movement in ubiquitous-computing environments.

scholarly journals An Approach to the Analysis of Religious Reality in the Social Phenomenology of Alfred Schütz

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-327
Author(s):  
Alexey Sitnikov
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Alfred Schutz ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Multiple Realities ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alfred Schütz ◽  
Social Phenomenology

The article deals with the social phenomenology of Alfred Schütz. Proceeding from the concept of multiple realities, the author describes religious reality, analyses its relationship with everyday, theoretical, and mythological realities, and identifies the areas where they overlap and their specifics. According to Schütz’s concept, reality is understood as something that has a meaning for a human being, and is also consistent and certain for those who are ‘inside’ of it. Realities are structurally similar to one another as they are similar to the reality that is most obvious for all human beings, i.e., the world of everyday life. Religious reality has one of the main signs of genuine reality, that of internal consistency. Religious reality has its own epoché (special ascetic practices) which has similarities with the epoché of the theoretical sphere since neither serve practical objectives, and imply freedom from the transitory issues of everyday life. Just as the theoretical sphere exists independently of the life of a scientist in the physical world and is needed to transfer results to other people, so the religious reality depends on ritual actions and material objects in its striving for the transcendent. Individual, and especially collective, religious practices are performed physically and are inextricably linked with the bodily ritual. The article notes that although Schütz’s phenomenological concept of multiple realities has repeatedly served as a starting point for the development of various social theories, its heuristic potential has not been exhausted. This allows for the further analyzing and development of topical issues such as national identity and its ties with religious tradition in the modern era, when religious reality loses credibility and has many competitors, one of which is the modern myth of the nation. Intersubjective ideas of the nation that are socially confirmed as the self-evident reality of everyday life cause complex emotions and fill human lives, thus displacing religious reality or forcing the latter to come into complex interactions with the national narrative.

scholarly journals NanoGrande: Electron Microscopy Education and Outreach Through a Collaboration of Scientists and Artists

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
P. Catravas ◽  
K. Bubriski ◽  
M. D. Frey ◽  
M. E. Hagerman ◽  
B. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Education And Outreach ◽  
Microscopy Images

NanoGrande is the culmination of an art-science effort that brought undergraduate students and faculty from science, engineering, and the visual arts together with professional microscopists of the Capital District Microscopy and Microanalysis Society for electron microscopy education and outreach. Students from two independent undergraduate courses, an advanced photography course and a microscopy laboratory course, collaborated on the project. The participants represented a wide range of majors, including chemistry, biology, electrical engineering, computer engineering, mechanical engineering, bioengineering, psychology, neuroscience, sociology/social sciences, history, and the visual arts. Emphasis was placed on both the scientific and the artistic aspects of the imaging process. The creation of electron microscopy images that were at the same time scientifically meaningful and visually compelling depended critically on communication of insights and ideas between paired students. The collaboration generated an art-science exhibition, NanoGrande, that has been presented to over four-thousand K through 12 students.

The Integration of Qualitative Orientation and Named Distances: Application to a Qualitative Navigation Simulator

1997 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 451-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Teresa Escrig ◽  
Francisco Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Qualitative Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Operational Model ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
Spatial Concepts ◽  
Definition Of

Human beings reason about different aspects of space (such as relative orientation, cardinal directions, distance, size and shape of objects) quite easily. With the aim of simulating human behavior, several models for these spatial concepts have been developed in the recent years. Cognitive considerations have made these frameworks qualitative, because they seem to deal better with the imprecision that human perception provides. However, an operational model to reason with all these spatial aspects in an integrated way has not been developed, up to now. The first aim of our research work has been the integration of different spatial concepts into the same spatial model which has been accomplished thanks to the definition of an operational model based on Constrain Logic Programming extended with Constraint Handling Rules. Although other aspects of space have been successfully represented by these techniques [2], in this paper we focus our attention in positional information, that is, orientation integrated with distance information. The Constraint Solver developed for managing positional information has a temporal complexity of O(n) 3, where n is the number of spatial landmarks considered in the reasoning process. The second aim of our work is to apply qualitative spatial reasoning to develop a Qualitative Navigation Simulator.

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