Neurofeedback

2013 ◽  
pp. 92-111
Author(s):  
David Vernon ◽  
Tammy Dempster
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Validation Studies ◽  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Peak Performance ◽  
Neurofeedback Training ◽  
Functional Validation ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Plausible Mechanism ◽  
And Control

This chapter explores the use of neurofeedback training as a mechanism for altering human brain functioning and in turn influencing behaviour. It outlines the notion that such training provides a plausible mechanism by which an individual may be able to learn to alter and control specific aspects of his electro-cortical activity. The chapter highlights some of the findings from research, including clinical, peak performance, and functional validation studies. In addition, it delineates some important methodological issues that remain to be addressed. It is hoped that outlining these issues will serve a dual purpose. First, it will assist in the understanding of some of the theoretical and methodological limitations that may be holding the field back. Second, it is hoped that such information will stimulate researchers to work towards designing more efficient and effective research protocols and neurofeedback training paradigms.

Neurofeedback

2011 ◽  
pp. 94-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Optimal Performance ◽  
Neurofeedback Training ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Brain Functioning ◽  
Electrocortical Activity ◽  
Plausible Mechanism ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control ◽  
Performance Research

This chapter introduces neurofeedback as a mechanism for altering human brain functioning and in turn influencing behavior. It argues that neurofeedback provides a plausible mechanism by which the individual can learn to alter and control aspects of his electrocortical activity. The chapter highlights some of the findings from both clinical and optimal performance research, showing the benefits of neurofeedback training, and outlines some of the important issues that remain to be addressed. It is hoped that outlining some of the issues that have yet to be resolved will serve a dual purpose. Initially it will assist in the understanding of some of the theoretical and methodological limitations that may be holding the field back. In addition, it is hoped that such information will stimulate researchers to work toward designing more efficient and effective research protocols and paradigms.

scholarly journals Distinct cortical systems reinstate the content and context of episodic memories

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Kragel ◽  
Youssef Ezzyat ◽  
Bradley C. Lega ◽  
Michael R. Sperling ◽  
Gregory A. Worrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Recall ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
Cortical Activity ◽  
Temporal Context ◽  
Cortical Networks ◽  
Semantic Organization ◽  
Episodic Memories

AbstractEpisodic recall depends upon the reinstatement of cortical activity present during the formation of a memory. We identified dissociable cortical networks via functional connectivity that uniquely reinstated semantic content and temporal context of previously studied stimuli during free recall. Network-specific reinstatement predicted the temporal and semantic organization of recall sequences, demonstrating how specialized cortical systems enable the human brain to target specific memories.

Adaptive Identification and Control for Small Modular Reactors

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Cole
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Control ◽  
Control System ◽  
Adaptive System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Peak Performance ◽  
Model Matching ◽  
Adaptive Identification ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
And Control

This paper discusses adaptive identification and control (AID&C) techniques to enable automated online identification and control of SMRs. Adaptive system ID allows engineers to rapidly measure system dynamics, calibrate sensors channels, determine loop processes, and quantify actuator authority for the various reactor control loops. Adaptive control can automatically tune these loops and adjust plant processes to optimize conditions for peak performance and power production. Another advantage of the adaptive ID and control approach is that these tools can be used during reactor operation to monitor active and passive components. Adaptive system ID techniques are used to measure loop-transfer characteristics. Presented is a practical approach that uses adaptive model-matching tools to identify the coprime factors of the local loops. This has the advantage over model based approaches since coprime factors can be identified on the real system using real data. Adaptive control enables auto-tuning of controller parameters to meet operational specifications. Using the coprime factors, all controllers that stabilize the plant can be parametrized by a free Q-parameter that can be changed to meet control system objectives and improve performance, and the tuning is performed using adaptive techniques. The controller architecture presented provides several desirable and necessary features: e.g., a default fail-safe mode of operation, stability in the presence of communications failures, guaranteed stability, and robustness. An advantage of the adaptive structure presented here is that control system stability can be guaranteed, even during adaptation by ensuring certain norm conditions on the Q-parameter and estimated plant uncertainty. More importantly, the Q-parameter can be monitored during operation, providing a real-time estimate of the changes in the plant resulting from changes in the reactor itself. This signal monitors the dynamics of each loop, providing information about the reactor from the perspective of the control process. Online monitoring using AID&C can be used to better track control system transients that result in reactor trip, thus avoiding undesirable reactor trips and diversion events. And, there is a potential that the system can better adapt to changing operating conditions during plant transients including load following procedures.

scholarly journals Model-Predictive Control and Closed-Loop Stability Considerations for Nonlinear Plants Described by Local ARX-Type Models

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Cholette ◽  
Dragan Djurdjanovic
Keyword(s):  
Model Predictive Control ◽  
Predictive Control ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Nonlinear Plants ◽  
And Control ◽  
Local Input

In this paper, a model-predictive control (MPC) method is detailed for the control of nonlinear systems with stability considerations. It will be assumed that the plant is described by a local input/output ARX-type model, with the control potentially included in the premise variables, which enables the control of systems that are nonlinear in both the state and control input. Additionally, for the case of set point regulation, a suboptimal controller is derived which has the dual purpose of ensuring stability and enabling finite-iteration termination of the iterative procedure used to solve the nonlinear optimization problem that is used to determine the control signal.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effectiveness of different herbicides on weed invasion in the fields of triticale

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parviz Sharifi Ziveh ◽  
Vahid Mahdavi
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Weed Invasion ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
And Control

Abstract One of the factors limiting crop growth is weeds. The weeds lead to a reduced performance of the crops. Chemical control methods are considered appropriate for controlling weeds. Therefore, in the fight to control weeds in triticale, the performance of the dual-purpose herbicide sulfosulfuron(Apirus®), mesosulfuron + idosulfuron(Atlantis®), metsulfuron methyl+sulfosulfuron(Total®) with surfactant and isoproton + diflufenican(Panther®) from the sulfonylurea group, and narrow leaf herbicides clodinafobpropargyl( Topik®), pinoxaden(New Axial®), diclofop-methyl(Iloxan®), pinoxaden + clodinafob-propagyl (Traxos ®), fenoxaprop-pethyl + mefen-pyper-d-ethyl(PumaSuper®), tralkoksidim(Grasb®) with 1 liter oil, flam-prop-m-isopropyl(Suffix BW®), and control treatment without herbicides were evaluated. The test was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Spraying was carried out using a back sprayer. For evaluation of ocular damage, the European Weed Research Council (EWRC) standard method was used. According to the performed studies, the narrow leaves of wild oat and barnyard grass were the dominant weeds. Results showed that all herbicide, except the herbicide tralkoksidim, were effective in weed control. The triticale yield was maintained with the use of these herbicides and none of herbicide had an adverse effect on the crop. In the first weeks of herbicide use, the triticale leaves appeared pale but this problem resolved over time. It seems that the herbicides discussed in this paper can be used on the triticale plant.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document