Clean and Green Energy Technologies, Sustainable Development, and Environment

2014 ◽  
pp. 287-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdeen Mustafa Omer
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption

The move towards a low-carbon world, driven partly by climate science and partly by the business opportunities it offers, will need the promotion of environmentally friendly alternatives, if an acceptable stabilisation level of atmospheric carbon dioxide is to be achieved. This requires the harnessing and use of natural resources that produce no air pollution or greenhouse gases and provide comfortable coexistence of humans, livestock, and plants. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of energy sources, and the development of sustainable technologies to explore these energy sources. It also includes potential renewable energy technologies, efficient energy systems, energy savings techniques, and other mitigation measures necessary to reduce climate changes. The chapter concludes with the technical status of the Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHP) technology. The purpose of this chapter, however, is to examine the means of reduction of energy consumption in buildings, identify GSHPs as an environmentally friendly technology able to provide efficient utilisation of energy in the buildings sector, promote using GSHPs applications as an optimum means of heating and cooling, and to present typical applications and recent advances of the DX GSHPs.

Renewable Energy Technologies, Sustainable Development, and Environment

2015 ◽  
pp. 159-193
Author(s):  
Abdeen Mustafa Omer
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption

The move towards a low-carbon world, driven partly by climate science and partly by the business opportunities it offers, will need the promotion of environmentally friendly alternatives, if an acceptable stabilisation level of atmospheric carbon dioxide is to be achieved. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of energy sources, and the development of sustainable technologies to explore these energy sources. It also includes potential renewable energy technologies, efficient energy systems, energy savings techniques and other mitigation measures necessary to reduce climate changes. The chapter concludes with the technical status of the ground source heat pumps (GSHP) technologies. The purpose of this study, however, is to examine the means of reduction of energy consumption in buildings, identify GSHPs as an environmental friendly technology able to provide efficient utilisation of energy in the buildings sector.

Renewable Energy Technologies, Sustainable Development, and Environment

2017 ◽  
pp. 971-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdeen Mustafa Omer
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption

The move towards a low-carbon world, driven partly by climate science and partly by the business opportunities it offers, will need the promotion of environmentally friendly alternatives, if an acceptable stabilisation level of atmospheric carbon dioxide is to be achieved. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of energy sources, and the development of sustainable technologies to explore these energy sources. It also includes potential renewable energy technologies, efficient energy systems, energy savings techniques and other mitigation measures necessary to reduce climate changes. The chapter concludes with the technical status of the ground source heat pumps (GSHP) technologies. The purpose of this study, however, is to examine the means of reduction of energy consumption in buildings, identify GSHPs as an environmental friendly technology able to provide efficient utilisation of energy in the buildings sector.

scholarly journals Clean Energy for Cooling and Heating with Ground Source Heat Pumps

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source

In the recent attempts to stimulate alternative energy sources for heating and cooling of buildings, emphasise has been put on utilisation of the ambient energy from ground source heat pump systems (GSHPs) and other renewable energy sources. Exploitation of renewable energy sources and particularly ground heat in buildings can significantly contribute towards reducing dependency on fossil fuels. The study was carried out at the Energy Research Institute (ERI), between September 2016 and November 2017. This paper highlights the potential energy saving that could be achieved through use of ground energy source. The main concept of this technology is that it uses the lower temperature of the ground (approximately <32°C), which remains relatively stable throughout the year, to provide space heating, cooling and domestic hot water inside the building area. The purpose of this study, however, is to examine the means of reducing of energy consumption in buildings, identifying GSHPs as an environmental friendly technology able to provide efficient utilisation of energy in the buildings sector, promoting the use of GSHPs applications as an optimum means of heating and cooling, and presenting typical applications and recent advances of the DX GSHPs. It is concluded that the direct expansion of GSHP are extendable to more comprehensive applications combined with the ground heat exchanger in foundation piles and the seasonal thermal energy storage from solar thermal collectors. This study highlights the energy problem and the possible saving that can be achieved through the use of the GSHP systems. This article discusses the principle of the ground source energy, varieties of GSHPs, and various developments.

scholarly journals Application and development of ground source heat pump technology in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaofan Song ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Taha Rajeh ◽  
Ling Ma ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Development History ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Promising Development

AbstractGround source heat pumps (GSHPs) are one of the renewable energy technologies with features of high efficiency, energy saving, economic feasibility and environmental protection. In China, GSHPs have been widely used for building heating and cooling in recent years, and have shown great potential for future energy development. This paper summarizes the classification, development history, and use status of shallow GSHPs. Several typical engineering cases of GSHP technology are also specified and analyzed. Finally, promising development trends and some advanced technologies are illustrated.

scholarly journals Critical Review on Efficiency of Ground Heat Exchangers in Heat Pump Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-224
Author(s):  
Adel Eswiasi ◽  
Phalguni Mukhopadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Volumetric Flow Rate ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Pipe Diameter ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source

Use of ground source heat pumps has increased significantly in recent years for space heating and cooling of residential houses and commercial buildings, in both heating (i.e., cold region) and cooling (i.e., warm region) dominated climates, due to its low carbon footprint. Ground source heat pumps exploit the passive energy storage capacity of the ground for heating and cooling of buildings. The main focus of this paper is to critically review how different construction and operation parameters (e.g., pipe configuration, pipe diameter, grout, heat injection rate, and volumetric flow rate) have an impact on the thermal efficiency of the vertical ground heat exchanger (VGHE) in a ground source heat pump (GSHP) system. The published literatures indicate that thermal performance of VGHEs increases with an increase of borehole diameter and/or pipe diameter. These literatures show that the borehole thermal resistance of VGHEs decreases within a range of 9% to 52% due to pipe configurations and grout materials. Furthermore, this paper also identifies the scope to increase the thermal efficiency of VGHE. The authors conclude that in order to enhance the heat transfer rate in VGHE, any attempt to increase the surface area of the pipe configuration would likely be an effective solution.

scholarly journals Geoexchanger System for Buildings Heating and Cooling

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Direct Expansion ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source

Geothermal heat pumps (GSHPs), or direct expansion (DX) ground source heat pumps, are a highly efficient renewable energy technology, which uses the earth, groundwater or surface water as a heat source when operating in heating mode or as a heat sink when operating in a cooling mode. It is receiving increasing interest because of its potential to reduce primary energy consumption and thus reduce emissions of the greenhouse gases (GHGs). The main concept of this technology is that it utilises the lower temperature of the ground (approximately <32°C), which remains relatively stable throughout the year, to provide space heating, cooling and domestic hot water inside the building area. The main goal of this study is to stimulate the uptake of the GSHPs. Recent attempts to stimulate alternative energy sources for heating and cooling of buildings has emphasised the utilisation of the ambient energy from ground source and other renewable energy sources. The purpose of this study, however, is to examine the means of reduction of energy consumption in buildings, identify GSHPs as an environmental friendly technology able to provide efficient utilisation of energy in the buildings sector, promote using GSHPs applications as an optimum means of heating and cooling, and to present typical applications and recent advances of the DX GSHPs. The study highlighted the potential energy saving that could be achieved through the use of ground energy sources. It also focuses on the optimisation and improvement of the operation conditions of the heat cycle and performance of the DX GSHP. It is concluded that the direct expansion of the GSHP, combined with the ground heat exchanger in foundation piles and the seasonal thermal energy storage from solar thermal collectors, is extendable to more comprehensive applications.

scholarly journals Heat pump systems: A mini review

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Mohammad Omar Temori ◽  
František Vranay
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Reduce Electricity Consumption

In this work, a mini review of heat pumps is presented. The work is intended to introduce a technology that can be used to income energy from the natural environment and thus reduce electricity consumption for heating and cooling. A heat pump is a mechanical device that transfers heat from one environmental compartment to another, typically against a temperature gradient (i.e. from cool to hot). In order to do this, an energy input is required: this may be mechanical, electrical or thermal energy. In most modern heat pumps, electrical energy powers a compressor, which drives a compression - expansion cycle of refrigerant fluid between two heat exchanges: a cold evaporator and a warm condenser. The efficiency or coefficient of performance (COP), of a heat pump is defined as the thermal output divided by the primary energy (electricity) input. The COP decreases as the temperature difference between the cool heat source and the warm heat sink increases. An efficient ground source heat pump (GSHP) may achieve a COP of around 4. Heat pumps are ideal for exploiting low-temperature environmental heat sources: the air, surface waters or the ground. They can deliver significant environmental (CO2) and cost savings.

scholarly journals Ground Source Heat Pumps: Considerations for Large Facilities in Massachusetts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Wagner ◽  
Benjamin McDaniel ◽  
Dragoljub Kosanovic
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Current System ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Industry Standards ◽  
Conventional Cooling

Ground-source heat pump (GSHP) systems have been implemented at large scales on several university campuses to provide heating and cooling. In this study, we test the idea that a GSHP system, as a replacement for an existing Combined Heat and Power (CHP) heating system coupled with conventional cooling systems, could reduce CO2 emissions, and provide a cost benefit to a university campus. We use the existing recorded annual heating and cooling loads supplied by the current system and an established technique of modeling the heat pumps and borehole heat exchangers (BHEs) using a TRNSYS model. The GSHP system is modeled to follow the parameters of industry standards and sized to provide an optimal balance of capital and operating costs. Results show that despite a decrease in heating and cooling energy usage and CO2 emissions are achieved, a significant increase in electric demand and purchased electricity result in an overall cost increase. These results highlight the need for thermal energy storage, onsite distributed energy resources and/or demand response in cases where electric heat pumps are used to help mitigate electric demand during peak periods.

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN LOW CARBON, CLEANER AND GREENER ENERGIES AND THE ENVIRONMENT

SINERGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Abdeen Mustafa Omer
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Biogas Technology

The increased availability of reliable and efficient energy services stimulates new development alternatives. This article discusses the potential for such integrated systems in the stationary and portable power market in response to the critical need for cleaner energy technology. Several issues relating to renewable energies, environment, and sustainable development are examined from both current and future perspectives throughout the theme. It is concluded that green energies like wind, solar, ground source heat pumps, and biomass must be promoted, implemented, and demonstrated from the economic and/or environmental point of view. Biogas from biomass appears to have potential as an alternative energy source, potentially rich in biomass resources. The current literature is reviewed regarding the ecological, social, cultural and economic impacts of biogas technology. Finally, this article gives an overview of the present and future use of biomass as an industrial feedstock to produce fuels, chemicals and other materials. However, to be truly competitive in an open market situation, higher-value products are required. Results suggest that biogas technology must be encouraged, promoted, invested, implemented, and demonstrated, especially in remote rural areas. Anticipated future energy use patterns and consequent environmental impacts (acid precipitation, ozone depletion, greenhouse effect, or global warming) are discussed in this article. An approach is needed to integrate renewable energies in a way to meet high building performance. However, their ability to match demand is determined by adoption of one of the following two approaches: the utilisation of a capture area greater than that occupied by the community to be supplied, or the reduction of the community’s energy demands to a level commensurate with the locally available renewable resources. Adopting green or sustainable approaches to how society is run is seen as an important strategy in finding a solution to the energy problem. The key factors to reducing and controlling CO2, which is the major contributor to global warming, are the use of alternative approaches to energy generation and the exploration of how these alternatives are used today and may be used in the future as green energy sources.

An Analytical Optimization Algorithm for Wind Energy Coupled GSHP Systems for Sustainable Building HVAC

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birol I. Kilkis
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Ground Source Heat Pumps ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Ground Source

Effective utilization of low-enthalpy energy resources in heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) of sustainable buildings require a careful optimization to assure the most economical coupling of HVAC systems with low-enthalpy energy resources. In one of the two separate prior studies an optimization algorithm for the optimal coupling of heat pumps and radiant panel heating and cooling systems was developed. In the second prior study an optimization algorithm for driving ground source heat pumps with wind turbines was developed. In this study these two algorithms were combined for a compound utilization of alternative energy resources. This paper describes the optimization algorithms, emphasizes their importance in achieving a cost effective combined application, and discusses the results obtained from the examples given.

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