Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products as Emerging Water Contaminants

2015 ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Julie A. Becker ◽  
Alexandros I. Stefanakis
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Medical Therapies

With the advent of better detection, more micro-contaminants are being found in water. Many of these micro-contaminants come from medical therapies and personal care products. These chemicals are comprised of a wide-range of substances including pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, veterinary drugs, fragrances, hair care products, body lotions, oral care, and cosmetics. Many of these products enhance our quality of life and in some cases, provide life-saving therapies. But, they come with an environmental cost. Scientific research has found sub-therapeutic levels of many of these chemicals in our waterways and in our finished drinking water, causing concern about the potential environmental and public health impacts associated with very low, chronic exposure. As tailored therapies and personal care products are developed, it is crucial to consider how to control emerging contaminants from medical therapies and personal care products. Specific actions and policies can be implemented now by adopting upstream approaches to prevent waste and decrease environmental exposures.

scholarly journals Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products as Emerging Water Contaminants

2017 ◽  
pp. 1457-1475
Author(s):  
Julie A. Becker ◽  
Alexandros I. Stefanakis
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Medical Therapies

With the advent of better detection, more micro-contaminants are being found in water. Many of these micro-contaminants come from medical therapies and personal care products. These chemicals are comprised of a wide-range of substances including pharmaceuticals, dietary supplements, veterinary drugs, fragrances, hair care products, body lotions, oral care, and cosmetics. Many of these products enhance our quality of life and in some cases, provide life-saving therapies. But, they come with an environmental cost. Scientific research has found sub-therapeutic levels of many of these chemicals in our waterways and in our finished drinking water, causing concern about the potential environmental and public health impacts associated with very low, chronic exposure. As tailored therapies and personal care products are developed, it is crucial to consider how to control emerging contaminants from medical therapies and personal care products. Specific actions and policies can be implemented now by adopting upstream approaches to prevent waste and decrease environmental exposures.

scholarly journals Daily Variation of Lipid Regulators and Personal Care Products in a River Impacted by Domestic Effluents in Southern Brazil

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1393
Author(s):  
Franciane de Almeida Brehm Goulart ◽  
Gabriela Reichert ◽  
Tais Cristina Felippe ◽  
Alinne Mizukawa ◽  
Jhonatas Antonelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Daily Variation ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Lipid Regulators ◽  
Domestic Effluents ◽  
Effluent Discharge

In urban areas, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) play a major role in the water quality of rivers. The removal efficiency of emerging contaminants by WWTPs is strongly correlated with the type of treatment and the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the process, which can vary according to the volumetric influent flow of wastewater and occasional peak flows. This paper aims, for the first time, to assess the daily variation of lipid regulators and personal care products in an urban river impacted by domestic effluents. Samples were collected upstream and downstream of a WWTP. The concentrations downstream of the effluent discharge were higher than upstream, but they varied significantly during the day. Concentration peaks upstream of the WWTP were detected at 07:00, 15:00 and 21:00, while downstream of the effluent discharge, concentration peaks occurred between 13:00 and 19:00 and between 21:00 and 23:00. The highest downstream concentrations of triclosan and methylparaben (420 ng L−1 and 460 ng L−1) were 6.8 and 5.4 times higher than the lowest concentrations detected, respectively. These results show that in WWTP-impacted rivers, the time of the sampling has a great influence on the final results and conclusions of a monitoring study.

scholarly journals Developments of solid-phase microextraction fiber coatings for environmental pharmaceutical and personal care products analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar J. Portillo-Castillo ◽  
Rocío Castro-Ríos ◽  
Abelardo Chávez-Montes ◽  
Azucena González-Horta ◽  
Norma Cavazos-Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Solid Phase Microextraction ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Monitoring Protocols

Abstract Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a sample preparation technique with many applications that is being continuously developed. In this technique, the type of fiber coating plays a crucial role for extraction efficiency. Currently available commercial coatings have certain drawbacks that have been overcome by the development of new coatings based on novel materials; these have improved the efficiency of extraction, selectivity and stability of commercial coatings. Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are one of the most important groups of emerging contaminants; however, some studies suggest that these compounds can cause adverse health effects. No official monitoring protocols for these compounds are currently available, so the establishment of analytical methods that allow their determination in environmental samples is required. The complexity of environmental samples together with the low concentration levels of these compounds makes necessary the use of sample preparation techniques capable of removing interferences, as well as preconcentrated analytes, and SPME is a very promising alternative to achieve this. This review describes the recent developments in SPME with classical and novel coatings and its applications for PPCP determination in environmental samples.

scholarly journals Usage Patterns of Cosmetic and Personal Care Products among Female Population in Saudi Arabia: Important Factors for Exposure and Risk Assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heba Shaaban ◽  
Wejdan Alhajri
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Usage Patterns

Reliable data regarding the usage patterns of personal care products (PCPs) are needed to determine the health risks posed by the ingredients of these products such as parabens, phthalates, and bisphenol A. There are no published data regarding the consumption patterns of PCPs in the Middle East in general and in Saudi Arabia in particular. To fill this gap, this study aimed to assess important factors such as the percentage of users and the frequency of use and co-use of twenty-three cosmetic and PCPs among the female population in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, this study aimed to assess the common cosmetic-related adverse events among the participants. The studied products included general hygiene, hair care, skin care, makeup, fragrances, and other products. The data were collected from 709 female participants of different age groups through a digital questionnaire. It was found that eighteen of the investigated products are consumed by at least 50% of the respondents. The frequency of use of PCPs varied over a wide range. Cosmetic-related adverse events were experienced by 16.1% of the participants. Use frequencies of many hygiene and makeup products were correlated with each other. This study provides, for the first time, baseline data on the usage patterns of a large number of widely consumed PCPs among female population pertaining to several sociodemographic strata. Such information is crucial for exposure and risk assessment and also needed for updating the current knowledge on usage of PCPs in Saudi Arabia.

Comprehensive investigation of a wide range of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in urban and hospital wastewaters in Greece

2019 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 133565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrsini Papageorgiou ◽  
Ioannis Zioris ◽  
Theocharis Danis ◽  
Dimitrios Bikiaris ◽  
Dimitra Lambropoulou
Keyword(s):  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Comprehensive Investigation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hospital Wastewaters

scholarly journals Validation of analytical methodology for determination of Personal Care Products in environmental matrix by GC-MSMS

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Tais Cristina Filippe ◽  
Franciane De Almeida Brehm Goulart ◽  
Alinne Mizukawa ◽  
Júlio César Rodrigues de Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Environmental Relevance

The presence of personal care products in the environment is recent and relatively few researches work with the quantification of this class of emerging contaminants in Brazil. However, a wide variety of these products is continuously released into the aquatic environment. The growing interest in these substances occurs mainly because they exhibit biological activity in very low concentrations, which gives great environmental relevance. The difficulty of detecting and quantifying such contaminants in the environment encourages the development and validation of appropriate analytical methods for this purpose. Therefore, the present study aims to validate a methodology and verify its efficiency in the determination of six personal care products, among them parabens and triclosan. The samples were submitted to the solid phase extraction process and were later analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for the determination of personal care products. The validation of the methodology used was based on the standards established by the National Health Surveillance Agency. The extraction and quantification method were efficient for the determination of these analytes in water samples.

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